NOTE

CAUTION

NOTE

Making Complex Measurements

Making a Reflection Calibration Measurement

Reflection Calibration

1.Connect the DUT to the directional bridge or coupler as shown in Figure 2-13. Terminate the unconnected port of the DUT.

If possible, use a coupler or bridge with the correct test port connector for both calibrating and measuring. Any adapter between the test port and DUT degrades coupler/bridge directivity and system source match. Ideally, you should use the same adapter for the calibration and the measurement. Be sure to terminate the second port of a two port device.

2.Connect the tracking generator output of the analyzer to the directional bridge or coupler.

3.Connect the analyzer input to the coupled port of the directional bridge or coupler.

4.Perform a factory preset by pressing Preset, Factory Preset (if present).

5.Set the Y-Axis Units to dBm by pressing AMPLITUDE, More, Y-Axis Units, dBm.

6.Turn on the tracking generator and if necessary, set the output power to –10 dBm by pressing Source, Amplitude (On), –10, dBm.

Excessive signal input may damage the DUT. Do not exceed the maximum power that the device under test can tolerate.

7.Set the span to 100 MHz by pressing SPAN, Span, 100, MHz.

8.Set the center frequency to 200 MHz by pressing FREQUENCY, Center Freq, 200, MHz.

9.Set the resolution bandwidth to 3 MHz by pressing BW/Avg, Res BW, 3, MHz.

10.Replace the DUT with a short circuit.

11.Normalize the trace by pressing Trace/View, More, Normalize, Store Ref (1→ 3), Normalize (On). See Figure 2-14.

This will activate the trace 1 minus trace 3 function and display the results in trace 1. The normalized trace or flat line represents 0 dB return loss. Normalization occurs each sweep. Replace the short circuit with the DUT.

Since the reference trace is stored in trace 3, changing trace 3 to Clear Write will invalidate the normalization.

Chapter 2

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Agilent Technologies E7405A, E7402A, E7404A, E7403A, E7401A manual Reflection Calibration
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E7402A, E7405A, E7404A, E7401A, E7403A specifications

Agilent Technologies, a leader in test and measurement solutions, offers a range of spectrum analyzers designed to meet the evolving demands of the electronics industry. The E7403A, E7401A, E7404A, E7405A, and E7402A are prominent models that embody advanced features and technologies, enhancing performance, accuracy, and user experience.

The E7403A is recognized for its high-quality performance and wide frequency range. This model offers frequency coverage from 9 kHz to 3 GHz, making it suitable for both commercial and academic research applications. With a phase noise of -100 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset, it delivers exceptional sensitivity. The E7403A also features a built-in tracking generator, facilitating effective signal generation for testing.

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The E7405A is a highly versatile model that offers frequency coverage from 9 kHz to 20 GHz. This wide frequency range, combined with high dynamic range, supports the testing of various electronic devices and systems. It features advanced measurement options including occupied bandwidth, adjacent channel power, and sensitivity measurements, which are critical for compliance testing in communication systems.

Lastly, the E7402A is designed for users who require a spectrum analyzer with enhanced functionality at a competitive price. It reaches frequencies of up to 1.5 GHz, making it suitable for various applications including RF design, development, and manufacturing. Its user-friendly interface ensures that both novice and experienced users can navigate its features with ease.

In conclusion, Agilent Technologies' E7403A, E7401A, E7404A, E7405A, and E7402A spectrum analyzers provide a robust set of features tailored to meet diverse industry needs. Utilizing sophisticated technologies, these models ensure precise and efficient signal analysis, making them indispensable tools for engineers and researchers in the fast-paced world of electronics.
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