Making Basic Measurements

Identifying Distortion Products

12.To determine whether the harmonic distortion products are generated by the analyzer, first save the screen data in trace 2 as follows:

a.Press Trace/View, Trace (2), then Clear Write.

b.Allow the trace to update (two sweeps) and press Trace/View, View,

Marker, Delta. The analyzer display shows the stored data in trace 2 and the measured data in trace 1.

13.Next, increase the RF attenuation by 10 dB: press AMPLITUDE, Attenuation, and the step-up key (↑ ) twice. See Figure 1-36.

Notice the ∆ Mkr1 amplitude reading. This is the difference in the

distortion product amplitude readings between 0 dB and 10 dB input attenuation settings. If the ∆ Mkr1 amplitude absolute value is approximately ≥ 1 dB for an input attenuator change, the distortion is being generated, at least in part, by the analyzer. In this case more input attenuation is necessary.

Figure 1-36 RF Attenuation of 10 dB

14.Press Peak Search, Marker, Delta

Change the attenuation to 15 dB by pressing Attenuation, 15, dB.

If the ∆ Mkr1 amplitude absolute value is approximately ≥ 1 dB as seen in Figure 1-36, then more input attenuation is required; some of the measured distortion is internally generated. If there is no change in the signal level, the distortion is not generated internally. For example, the signal that is causing the distortion shown in Figure 1-37is not high enough in amplitude to cause internal distortion in the analyzer so any distortion that is displayed is present on the input signal.

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Chapter 1

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Agilent Technologies E7401A, E7405A, E7402A, E7404A, E7403A manual RF Attenuation of 10 dB
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E7402A, E7405A, E7404A, E7401A, E7403A specifications

Agilent Technologies, a leader in test and measurement solutions, offers a range of spectrum analyzers designed to meet the evolving demands of the electronics industry. The E7403A, E7401A, E7404A, E7405A, and E7402A are prominent models that embody advanced features and technologies, enhancing performance, accuracy, and user experience.

The E7403A is recognized for its high-quality performance and wide frequency range. This model offers frequency coverage from 9 kHz to 3 GHz, making it suitable for both commercial and academic research applications. With a phase noise of -100 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset, it delivers exceptional sensitivity. The E7403A also features a built-in tracking generator, facilitating effective signal generation for testing.

Next in line, the E7401A provides similar frequency coverage but is optimized for portable functionality. Weighing significantly less than its counterparts, it is easy to transport, making it ideal for field applications. Users benefit from its fast sweep speed of up to 3 GHz, which is crucial in quickly identifying and analyzing signals.

The E7404A excels in its comprehensive analysis capabilities. With a frequency range extending up to 6 GHz, it supports more demanding applications, including wireless communications and satellite technology. Its advanced digital signal processing capabilities enable the analysis of complex modulated signals, providing engineers with the data needed to troubleshoot and optimize system performance.

The E7405A is a highly versatile model that offers frequency coverage from 9 kHz to 20 GHz. This wide frequency range, combined with high dynamic range, supports the testing of various electronic devices and systems. It features advanced measurement options including occupied bandwidth, adjacent channel power, and sensitivity measurements, which are critical for compliance testing in communication systems.

Lastly, the E7402A is designed for users who require a spectrum analyzer with enhanced functionality at a competitive price. It reaches frequencies of up to 1.5 GHz, making it suitable for various applications including RF design, development, and manufacturing. Its user-friendly interface ensures that both novice and experienced users can navigate its features with ease.

In conclusion, Agilent Technologies' E7403A, E7401A, E7404A, E7405A, and E7402A spectrum analyzers provide a robust set of features tailored to meet diverse industry needs. Utilizing sophisticated technologies, these models ensure precise and efficient signal analysis, making them indispensable tools for engineers and researchers in the fast-paced world of electronics.
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