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Dell H310, H710P, H810 manual Appendix RAID Description, Summary of RAID Levels

Models: H310 H710 H710P H810

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Appendix: RAID Description

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Appendix: RAID Description

RAID is a group of independent physical disks that provides high performance by increasing the number of disks used for saving and accessing data.

A RAID disk subsystem offers the following benefits:

•Improved I/O performance and data availability.

•Improved data throughput because several disks are accessed simultaneously. The physical disk group appears either as a single storage unit or multiple logical units to the host system.

•Improved data storage availability and fault tolerance. Data loss caused by a physical disk failure can be recovered by rebuilding missing data from the remaining physical disks containing data or parity.

CAUTION: In the event of a physical disk failure, a RAID 0 virtual disk fails, resulting in data loss.

Summary of RAID Levels

NOTE: PERC H710, H710P and H810 cards support all RAID levels listed below. PERC H310 does not support RAID 6 and RAID 60.

•RAID 0 uses disk striping to provide high data throughput, especially for large files in an environment that requires no data redundancy.

•RAID 1 uses disk mirroring so that data written to one physical disk is simultaneously written to another physical disk. RAID 1 is good for small databases or other applications that require small capacity and complete data redundancy.

•RAID 5 uses disk striping and parity data across all physical disks (distributed parity) to provide high data throughput and data redundancy, especially for small random access.

•RAID 6 is an extension of RAID 5 and uses an additional parity block. RAID 6 uses block-level striping with two parity blocks distributed across all member disks. RAID 6 provides protection against double disk failures, and failures while a single disk is rebuilding. If you are using only one array, deploying RAID 6 is more effective than deploying a hot spare disk.

Appendix: RAID Description

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Dell H310, H710P, H810 manual Appendix RAID Description, Summary of RAID Levels

Contents

User’s Guide Dell PowerEdge RAID Controller PERC H310 H710, H710P, and H810Model UCPA-801, UCPB-800, UCPM-800 and UCPE-800 Notes, Cautions, and WarningsPhysical Disk Power Management ContentsSupported Operating Systems Types of Virtual Disk InitializationWrite-Back With No Battery is Employed 3 Deploying the PERC CardReconfiguration of Virtual Disks Using Persistent Hot Spare SlotsInstalling the Windows Drivers Setting up Redundant Path SupportSupport For Internal Reverting to Single Path Support5 Management Applications BIOS Configuration UtilityVirtual Disk Management UEFI RAID Configuration Utility CacheCade Virtual Disk CharacteristicsConfiguring and Managing Troubleshooting Security Key Errors 7 Security Key andSecurity Key Implementation Security Key Management in theMissing Virtual Disks Error Message Missing Disks in Virtual Disk Error MessageWith Preserved Cache Error Message Virtual Disks Degraded Error MessageFatal Error or Data Corruption Reported Unable to Rebuild a Fault Tolerant Virtual DiskDegraded State of Virtual Disks PERC Card Not Seen in Device ManagerLinux Operating System Errors A Appendix RAID DescriptionContents Overview H310 SpecificationH710 H710PSupported Operating Systems Contacting Dell Related Documentation1 Go to support.dell.com 3 Select Select a Product in Product Support 4 Select Enter a TagPhysical Disk Power Management FeaturesConfigured Spin Down Delay Types of Virtual Disk InitializationBackground Initialization of Virtual Disks Fast Initialization of Virtual Disks Full Initialization of Virtual DisksDisk Roaming Consistency ChecksVirtual Disk Migration Perform the following steps to use disk migration Write-Back and Write-Through Virtual Disk Write Cache PoliciesConditions Under Which Forced Write-Back With No Battery is Employed Virtual Disk Read Cache PoliciesConditions Under Which Write-Back is Employed Reconfiguration of Virtual Disks a mirrored virtual disk by adding one disk Table 2-1. RAID Level MigrationThe SMART Feature Fault ToleranceAutomatic Replace Member with Predicted Failure Patrol ReadRedundant Path Support For PERC H810 Only Using Persistent Hot Spare Slots Physical Disk Failure DetectionPhysical Disk Hot Swapping Controller Cache Preservation Using Replace Member and Revertible Hot SparesCache Data Recovery Battery Transparent Learn CycleCache Preservation With Non-Volatile Cache NVC TLC Time FrameWhen to Replace the Battery Features Deploying the PERC Card Removing the PERC Controller Installing the PERC ControllerSAS cable connectors2 Figure 3-1. Removing and Installing the PERC AdapterPCIe slot PERC adapterPERC stack-up connector Figure 3-2. Removing and Installing the PERC Mini Blade ControllerPERC mini monolithic controller Support For Internal Multiple ControllersSetting up Redundant Path Support on the PERC H810 Adapter Page storage Figure 3-4. Redundant Path Support Configuration With Two EnclosuresDriver Installation Installing the Windows DriversCreating the Driver Media Creating the Device Driver Media Pre-Installation Requirements3 Click Continue Downloading Drivers From the Dell Support Website1 Turn off the system 2 Install the new RAID controller in the system 8 Select Install from a list or specific location Updating Existing Windows Server 2008 or Windows Server 2008 R24 Click Device Manager Updating the Linux Driver Installing or Updating the RPM Driver Package With KMOD Support Installing or Updating the RPM Driver Package With DKMS SupportUpgrading the Kernel Installing or Updating the RPM Driver Package With KMP SupportDriver Installation Dell OpenManage Storage Management Management Applications for PERC CardsEntering the BIOS Configuration Utility BIOS Configuration UtilityMenu Navigation Controls Exiting the Configuration UtilityTable 5-1. Menu Navigation Keys NotationTable 5-1. Menu Navigation Keys continued to exit the BIOS Configuration UtilityNotation Meaning and UseTable 5-1. Menu Navigation Keys continued Setting Up Virtual DisksNotation Meaning and UseParameter Table 5-2. Virtual Disk Parameters and DescriptionsDescription RAID LevelTable 5-2. Virtual Disk Parameters and Descriptions continued or Adaptive. The default is Adaptive-Read-AheadParameter DescriptionCreating Virtual Disks Virtual Disk Management10 Select additional disks, if required j Press Tab to move the cursor to Initialize and press Enter Converting Physical Disk to RAID Capable for PERC H310 Converting Physical Disk to Non-RAID for PERC H310Initializing Virtual Disks Checking Data Consistency Importing or Clearing Foreign Configurations Using the VD Mgmt Menu All the physical disks in a configuration are removed and re-inserted a Select Foreign Configuration View to display the Break Mirror Break Mirror in BIOS Configuration Utility 3 Select Manage Preserved Cache Managing Preserved CacheManaging Dedicated Hot Spares Creating a dedicated hot spareDeleting a dedicated hot spare Deleting Disk Groups Deleting Virtual DisksClearing the Configuration BIOS Configuration Utility Menu Options4 Select Clear Config Virtual Disk Management VD Mgmt menuVirtual Disks Physical Disks Virtual Disk Management VD Mgmtin Left Panel Information Displayed in Right PanelVirtual Disks Disk Group # PropertiesManagement Applications for PERC Cards Menu Item Selected Information Displayed in Right Panel in Left PanelInformation Displayed in Right Panel in Left PanelManagement Applications for PERC Cards Table 5-4. Virtual Disk Actions Virtual Disk ActionsAction DescriptionPhysical Disk Management PD Mgmt Rebuild Physical Disk ActionsController Management Ctrl Mgmt Configuration Utility CtrlR Controller Management ActionsTable 5-8. Controller Management Options OptionForeign Configuration View Setting LED BlinkingPhysical Disk Management Removing Global or Dedicated Hot Spares Creating Global Hot SparesReplacing an Online Physical Disk Restrictions and Limitations Stopping Background InitializationEnabling Boot Support Controller ManagementPerforming a Manual Rebuild of an Individual Physical Disk Enabling BIOS Stop on Error Enabling Auto Import UEFI RAID Configuration Utility Restoring Factory Default SettingsEntering the UEFI RAID Configuration Utility Configuration Options Exiting the UEFI RAID Configuration UtilityController Management Physical Disk Management Virtual Disk ManagementEnclosure Management CacheCade CacheCade Virtual Disk CharacteristicsCacheCade Virtual Disk Management Configuring and Managing CacheCade Virtual Disks5 Select Create CacheCade Virtual Disk and press Enter Create CacheCade Virtual DiskDelete CacheCade Virtual Disk Reconfiguring CacheCade Virtual DisksAutomatic Reconfiguration of CacheCade Virtual Disks Manual Resizing of CacheCade Virtual Disks Security Key Management in the BIOS Configuration Utility Security Key and RAID ManagementSecurity Key Implementation Create Security Key Local Key Management LKMChange Security Key Delete Security Key Securing Pre-Existing Virtual Disks Creating Secured Virtual DisksPage Instant Secure Erase Secured Foreign Import Errors Troubleshooting Security Key ErrorsFailure to Select or Configure Non Self-Encrypting Disks non-SED Failure to Delete Security KeyFailure to Instant Secure Erase Task on Physical Disks Security Key and RAID Management BIOS Error Messages TroubleshootingDiscovery Error Message Extra Enclosure Error MessageCache Data Lost Error Message Missing Disks in Virtual Disk Error MessageError Message The following virtual disks have missing Missing Virtual Disks Error Message Previous Configuration of Disks Removed Error MessageDirty Cache Data Error Message BIOS Disabled Error MessageCorrective Action Enable the ROM option Drive Configuration Changes Error Message Adapter at Baseport not Responding Error MessageOffline or Missing Virtual Drives With Preserved Cache Error Message Virtual Disks Degraded Error Message Virtual Disks Offline Error MessageVirtual Disks Partially Degraded Error Message Memory or Battery Problem Error MessageFirmware Fault State Error Message Foreign Configuration Found Error MessageError Message Firmware is in Fault State Foreign Configuration Not Found in CtrlR Error Message Previous Configuration Cleared or Missing Error MessageInvalid SAS Topology Detected Error Message Configured Disks Removed or Not Accessible Error Message Multibit ECC Errors Detected Error MessagesBattery Discharged or Disconnected Error Message Memory ErrorsDegraded State of Virtual Disks Corrective ActionPreserved Cache State General IssuesPERC Card Has Yellow Bang in Device Manager PERC Card Not Seen in Device ManagerPhysical Disk Issues Unable to Rebuild a Fault Tolerant Virtual DiskPhysical Disk in Failed State Fatal Error or Data Corruption Reported Multiple Disks Become InaccessiblePhysical Disk Displayed as Blocked Virtual Disk Fails During Rebuild Using a Global Hot Spare Virtual Disk Fails During Rebuild Using a Dedicated Hot SpareRebuilding a Failed Physical Disk Physical Disk Fails During Reconstruction on Redundant Virtual Disk Virtual Disk Fails Rebuild Using a Dedicated Hot SparePhysical Disk Takes a Long Time to Rebuild Issue A physical disk is taking longer than expected to rebuildSMART Errors Smart Error Detected on a Physical Disk in a Redundant Virtual DiskCorrective Action Smart Error Detected on a Physical Disk in a Non-Redundant Virtual Replace Member ErrorsSource Disk Fails During Replace Member Operation Target Disk FailsLinux Operating System Errors Virtual Disk Policy is Assumed as Write-Through Error MessageDriver Does not Auto-Build into New Kernel Error Message Unable to Register SCSI Device Error MessageFigure 8-1. Disk Carrier LED Indicators Disk Carrier LED IndicatorsSummary of RAID Levels Appendix RAID DescriptionDisk Striping RAID TerminologyDisk Mirroring Spanned RAID LevelsParity Data Figure A-3. Example of Distributed Parity RAID Figure A-4. Example of Dual Distributed Parity RAIDParity Index Page write policy Index