Linker Tasks

Using Linker commands

8.Get the addresses of routines and data that are referenced in the module.

Step 1: Determine how much space is required to load the module. There must be enough contiguous memory to hold the module's text, data, and bss segments. You can make a liberal guess as to how much memory is needed, and hope that you've guessed correctly. Or you can be more precise by pre-linking the module and getting size information from its header.

Step 2: Allocate the required memory and obtain its starting address. Typically, you use malloc(3C) to allocate the required memory. You must modify the starting address returned by malloc to ensure that it starts on a memory page boundary (address MOD 4096 == 0).

Step 3: Link the module from the running application. Use the following options when invoking the linker from the program:

-omod_name

Name of the output module that will be loaded by the

 

running program.

-Abase_prog

Tells the linker to prepare the output file for

 

incremental loading. Also causes the linker to include

 

symbol table information from base_prog in the output

 

file.

-Rhex_addr

Specifies the hexadecimal address at which the module

 

will be loaded. This is the address calculated in Step 2.

-N

Causes the data segment to be placed immediately

 

after the text segment.

-eentry_pt

If specified (it is optional), causes the symbol named

 

entry_pt to be the entry point into the module. The

 

location of the entry point is stored in the module's

 

header.

Step 4: Get information about the module's text, data, and bss segments from the module's header. There are two header structures stored at the start of the file: struct header (defined in <filehdr.h>) and struct som_exec_auxhdr (defined in <aouthdr.h>). The required information is stored in the second header, so to get it, a program must seek past the first header before reading the second one.

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Chapter 3

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Kenwood HP 9000 manual Using Linker commands
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HP 9000 specifications

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