What Happens When You Compile and Link a Program

Linking Programs on HP-UX

Linking Programs on HP-UX

The HP-UX linker, ld, produces a single executable file from one or more input object files and libraries. In doing so, it matches external references to global definitions contained in other object files or libraries. It revises code and data to reflect new addresses, a process known as relocation. If the input files contain debugger information, ld updates this information appropriately. The linker places the resulting executable code in a file named, by default, a.out.

In the C program example (see “Compiling Programs on HP-UX: An Example”) main.o contains an external reference to sum_n, which has a global definition in func.o. ld matches the external reference to the global definition, allowing the main program code in a.out to access sum_n (see Figure 2-3).

Figure 2-3

Matching the External Reference to sum_n

If ld cannot match an external reference to a global definition, it displays a message to standard error output. If, for instance, you compile main.c without func.c, ld cannot match the external reference to sum_n and displays this output:

$ cc -Aa main.c

/usr/ccs/bin/ld: Unsatisfied symbols: sum_n (code)

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Chapter 2

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Kenwood HP 9000 manual Linking Programs on HP-UX, Matching the External Reference to sumn
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HP 9000 specifications

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