Creating and Using Libraries

Creating Shared Libraries

Example Using +z

Suppose you have some C functions, stored in length.c, that convert between English and Metric length units. To compile these routines and create PIC object files with the C compiler, you could use this command:

$ cc -Aa -c +z length.c

The +z option creates PIC.

You could then link it with other PIC object files to create a shared library, as discussed in “Creating the Shared Library with ld”.

Comparing +z and +Z

In 32-bit mode, the +z and +Z options are essentially the same. Normally, you compile with +z. However, in some instances — when the number of referenced symbols per shared library exceeds a predetermined limit — you must recompile with the +Z option instead. In this situation, the linker displays an error message and tells you to recompile the library with +Z.

In 64-bit mode, +Z is the default and the compilers ignore the options and generate PIC code.

Compiler Support for +z and +Z

In 32-bit mode, the C, C++, FORTRAN, and Pascal compilers support the +z and +Z options.

In 64-bit mode, +Z is the default for the C and C++ compilers.

Creating the Shared Library with ld

To create a shared library from one or more PIC object files, use the linker, ld, with the -boption. By default, ld will name the library a.out. You can change the name with the -ooption.

For example, suppose you have three C source files containing routines to do length, volume, and mass unit conversions. They are named length.c, volume.c, and mass.c, respectively. To make a shared library from these source files, first compile all three files using the +z option, then combine the resulting .o files with ld. Shown below are the commands you would use to create a shared library named libunits.sl:

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Kenwood HP 9000 Creating the Shared Library with ld, Example Using +z, Comparing +z and +Z, Compiler Support for +z and +Z
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