User’s Manual of FGSW-2620VM / FGSW-2620PVM

IGMP Versions 1 and 2

Multicast groups allow members to join or leave at any time. IGMP provides the method for members and multicast routers to communicate when joining or leaving a multicast group.

IGMP version 1 is defined in RFC 1112. It has a fixed packet size and no optional data.

The format of an IGMP packet is shown below:

IGMP Message Format

Octets

 

 

 

 

 

 

0

8

16

31

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Type

 

 

Response Time

 

Checksum

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Group Address (all zeros if this is a query).

The IGMP Type codes are shown below:

Type

Meaning

 

 

0x11 Membership Query (if Group Address is 0.0.0.0).

Specific Group Membership Query (if Group Address is

0x11

Present).

0x16 Membership Report (version 2).

0x17 Leave a Group (version 2).

0x12 Membership Report (version 1).

IGMP packets enable multicast routers to keep track of the membership of multicast groups, on their respective sub networks. The following outlines what is communicated between a multicast router and a multicast group member using IGMP.

A host sends an IGMP “report” to join a group.

A host will never send a report when it wants to leave a group (for version 1).

A host will send a “leave” report when it wants to leave a group (for version 2).

Multicast routers send IGMP queries (to the all-hosts group address: 224.0.0.1) periodically to see whether any group members exist on their sub networks. If there is no response from a particular group, the router assumes that there are no group members on the network.

The Time-to-Live (TTL) field of query messages is set to 1 so that the queries will not be forwarded to other sub networks.

IGMP version 2 introduces some enhancements such as a method to elect a multicast queried for each LAN, an explicit leave message, and query messages that are specific to a given group.

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