Subnet Masks, Subnetting | ZyXEL Communications 2000W manual

Prestige 2000W_V2 User’s Guide

Since the first octet of a class “A” IP address must contain a “0”, the first octet of a class “A” address can have a value of 0 to 127.

Similarly the first octet of a class “B” must begin with “10”, therefore the first octet of a class “B” address has a valid range of 128 to 191. The first octet of a class “C” address begins with “110”, and therefore has a range of 192 to 223.

Table 31 Allowed IP Address Range By Class

	CLASS	ALLOWED RANGE OF FIRST OCTET	ALLOWED RANGE OF FIRST OCTET
	CLASS	(BINARY)	(DECIMAL)
		(BINARY)	(DECIMAL)

	Class A	00000000 to 01111111	0 to 127

	Class B	10000000 to 10111111	128 to 191

	Class C	11000000 to 11011111	192 to 223

	Class D	11100000 to 11101111	224 to 239

Subnet Masks

A subnet mask is used to determine which bits are part of the network number, and which bits are part of the host ID (using a logical AND operation). A subnet mask has 32 is a “1” then the corresponding bit in the IP address is part of the network number. If a bit in the subnet mask is “0” then the corresponding bit in the IP address is part of the host ID.

Subnet masks are expressed in dotted decimal notation just as IP addresses are. The “natural” masks for class A, B and C IP addresses are as follows.

Table 32 “Natural” Masks

CLASS

A

B

C

NATURAL MASK

255.0.0.0

255.255.0.0

255.255.255.0

Subnetting

With subnetting, the class arrangement of an IP address is ignored. For example, a class C address no longer has to have 24 bits of network number and 8 bits of host ID. With subnetting, some of the host ID bits are converted into network number bits. By convention, subnet masks always consist of a continuous sequence of ones beginning from the left most bit of the mask, followed by a continuous sequence of zeros, for a total number of 32 bits.

110	Appendix B IP Subnetting

Image 110

ZyXEL Communications 2000W manual Subnet Masks, Subnetting, Allowed IP Address Range By Class, Natural Masks

Contents

Prestige 2000WV2 Page Trademarks CopyrightDisclaimer Prestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide Federal Communications Commission FCC Interference Statement Certifications Safety Warnings Safety Warnings ZyXEL Limited Warranty ZyXEL Limited Warranty Customer Support Customer Support United Kingdom Table of Contents Chapter Network Settings Chapter Information Menus Appendix a Product Specifications 107 Appendix B Appendix C Prestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide Table of Contents List of Figures List of Figures Peer-to-Peer Communication in an Ad-hoc Network 119 List of Tables List of Tables Eight Subnets Related Documentation PrefaceAbout Your Prestige Syntax Conventions User Guide Feedback Graphics Icons Key Features Getting To Know Your Prestige Applications Place a Call via SIP Proxy Server SIP Call Server Ad-Hoc Wireless Intercom Direct IP to IP Calling Getting to Know the Prestige Hardware Prestige Hardware Descriptions Prestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide Prestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide Getting To Know Your Prestige LCD Main Screen Using the LCD Screen MenusUsing the LCD Screen Menus Prestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide LCD Main Screen Navigating the LCD Screen MenusText Input Press the OK key when you are done Prestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide Using the LCD Screen Menus Site Survey Wireless LAN Setup MenusWireless LAN Setup Menus Select Site Survey Ssid Network ModeSelect Wireless in the first menu screen use the up or down Arrow to highlight it and then press the Left key Select Network Mode Channel Rate WEP Encryption Authentication Type Select Key Select WEP for encryption, not for authentication Profiles Create Prestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide Wireless LAN Setup Menus Fixed IP Network SettingsNetwork Settings Select IP Address Dhcp Select Subnet Mask PPPoE Select PPPoE Name Select PPPoE Pwd Registrar Server SIP SettingsSIP Settings Select Registrar Select Registrar IP Select Outbound Proxy Outbound Proxy ServerSelect Expiry Time Proxy Server Select Proxy Server User Account Select User Account Select Phone Number Select User Pwd Prestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide SIP Settings Adding a Phonebook Entry PhonebookCalling Methods Phonebook Editing Phonebook Entries Select Add Entry Erasing Phonebook Entries Speed Dial Phonebook Entries Select Speed Dial Call History Call HistoryMissed Calls Received Calls Dialed Calls Erasing Calls Select Erase Calls Miscellaneous Settings Miscellaneous SettingsSetting the Ring Melody Select Ringer Volume Setting the Vibration ModeAdjusting the Ring Volume Select Edit Time Setting the TimeSetting the Date Select Edit Date Select Settings in the first menu screen Setting the BannerSetting the Key Lock Press the Left key to save your setting Setting the Don’t Disturb Select Don’t Disturb Prestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide Miscellaneous Settings Select MAC Address Information MenusDisplaying Information Information Menus 11Select Firmware Ver Prestige Usage Using the Phonebook to Dial a Telephone NumberUsing Speed Dial to Dial a Telephone Number Dialing a Telephone Number Rejecting a Call Changing the VolumeAnswering a Call Login Using the Web Configurator ScreensIntroduction to the Web Configurator Using the Web Configurator Screens Navigating the Prestige Web Configurator Login Screen NAT Trvsl Web Configurator User Screens SummarySIP Phone Book TOS/DS Web Configurator Administrator Screens SummaryPhone Device Information User Web Configurator ScreensUser Web Configurator Screens IP Address Assignment IP Address and Subnet Mask MAC Address Network Configuration Static DNS Server Apply Network Configuration DhcpCancel Dhcp Network Configuration PPPoE PPPoE Network Configuration SIP Identities VoIP Introduction12.9.1 SIP PPPoE SIP Call Progression SIP Call ProgressionSIP Client Server Invite SIP Proxy Server SIP Configuration 12.9.1.4 RTP 12.11 NAT SIP Proxy NAT Example NAT Types Full Cone NAT Full Cone Restricted Cone Port Restricted Symmetric Restricted Cone NAT Full Cone NAT Example Port Restricted Cone NAT Symmetric NAT Fake WAN Address on SIP and RTP NAT and SIPSIP ALG Outbound Proxy NAT Traversal ConfigurationStun NAT Traversal Configuration ALG Calling Methods Phone Book ConfigurationPhone Book Stun Phonebook Delete WEP Encryption Wireless IntroductionWireless Settings Prestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide Phonebook Ssid WEP Submit 12.19 S/W UpdateSystem W Update Zip files before you can upload them Administrator Web Configurator Screens Administrator Web Configurator Screens SIP Proxy Configuration Type the SIP proxy server settings SIP Configuration SIP URI 13.3.1 G.711 Prestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide IP ConfigurationVoice Coding 13.3.2 G.729 Pstn Call Setup SignalingPhone Setting 100 Administrator Web Configurator Screens Quality of Service Administrator Web Configurator Screens 101 Introduction to DiffServ 102 Administrator Web Configurator Screens13.8 ToS Problems Using the Keypad TroubleshootingProblems Starting Up the Prestige 104 Troubleshooting Problems Accessing the PrestigeTroubleshooting Accessing the Prestige Error Message Troubleshooting Error Message TroubleshootingRestoring the Factory Default Settings Troubleshooting 105 Prestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide 106 Troubleshooting Appendix a Product Specifications 107 Specification TablesHardware Specifications MIC HTTP, TFTP, TCP, UDP, DNS, ARP, Icmp Prestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide Firmware Features108 Appendix a Product Specifications Essid Classes of IP Addresses IP AddressingIP Classes Appendix B IP Subnetting 109 Allowed IP Address Range By Class Subnet MasksSubnetting Natural Masks Two Subnets Example Example Two SubnetsAlternative Subnet Mask Notation Appendix B IP Subnetting 111 Subnet 112 Appendix B IP Subnetting Example Four Subnets Appendix B IP Subnetting 113 Class C Subnet Planning Example Eight SubnetsEight Subnets 114 Appendix B IP Subnetting Appendix B IP Subnetting 115 Subnetting With Class a and Class B NetworksClass B Subnet Planning Prestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide 116 Appendix B IP Subnetting Traditional Dial-up Scenario PPPoE in ActionBenefits of PPPoE Appendix C PPPoE 117 How PPPoE Works Prestige as a PPPoE Client Appendix D Wireless LANs 119 Wireless LAN TopologiesAd-hoc Wireless LAN Configuration Basic Service Set 120 Appendix D Wireless LANs Appendix D Wireless LANs 121 Infrastructure Wlan Prestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide 122 Appendix D Wireless LANs Index 123 IndexNumerics Dtmf 124 Index 711 22, 98 729 22, 99 Index 125 126 Index SIP ALG Index 127 Wlan