Kodak ISBN 0-87985-749-8 manual 10 9/00

Page 60

theatrical presentation and to keep all pertinent action within this area. The cinematographer must make certain no scene rigging, microphone booms, cables or lights are included in the expanded area which will be transmitted on television at 1.33:1. Subsequent interpositives, dupli- cate negatives and prints contain sufficient frame height to provide normal telecine transmission. In the theater, the projectionist must use a 1.85:1 aperture plate and exer- cise some judgment in adjusting the projector framing.

Super 16 is a format that employs single-perforation 16 mm film stock and has two objectives. When Super 16 was introduced in the early 1970’s, it was to provide an image suitable for enlargement to a 35 mm print for wide- screen presentation. The second is for origination that will be displayed on wide-screen television (1.78:1 = 16 x 9). Super 16 and 3-perforation 35 mm are great fits for wide- screen television. The Super 16 camera aperture extends into the area used for a sound track on conventional 16 mm film providing more negative area to achieve a 1.66:1 aspect ratio, with some loss of image height when enlarged to wide-screen 35 mm film (1.85:1) and to 1.78:1 (16 x 9) for wide-screen television.

The Super 35, 4-perforation system utilizes the entire width of the film and is used primarily to extract an anamorphic print for theatrical release by optical reduc- tion printing. This system is quite versatile: from a Super 35 negative, 70 mm blow-up prints can be produced, as well as extractions for 16 x 9 (1.78:1).

The Super 35, 3-perforation system is used for extracting 16 x 9 (1.78:1) prints and for origination for wide-screen television.

The 65 mm, 5-perforation system has a camera aper- ture of 2.29:1. It is used primarily for special effects, but when used in feature films, is projected on the screen using 70 mm release prints having an aspect ratio of 2.20:1. In lieu of originating on 65 mm for theatrical presentation, productions shot on 35 mm film with an anamorphic lens or in the Super 35 system are optically enlarged onto 70 mm release prints.

Other formats employing 65 mm negatives include 8-perforation (Iwerks 870), 10-perforation and the Imax 15-perforation (horizontal) format.

10 9/00

Page 59 Page 61
Image 60
Page 59 Page 61
Contents Cinematographer’s Field Guide Cinematographer’s Field Guide Seventh Edition, November Contents Introduction Need Another H-2? Page Kodak Motion Picture Camera Films Color Temperature Page Kodak Motion Picture Camera Films MPF-5 50D 5245/7245 100T 5248/7248 Process ECN-2Vision 200T 5274/7274 200T 5293/7293 SFX 200T SFX Vision 250D 5246/7246 Illumination Incident Light Table for DaylightVision 320T 5277/7277 Handling Total darknessVision 500T 5279/7279 500T 5298 Vision 800T 5289/7289 Ektachrome 100D 5285 7240 16 mm, Super 8 Eastman Ektachrome Film Tungsten EI 125 7240 7239 35 mm/16 mm Eastman Ektachrome Film Daylight EI 160 7239 MPF-32 9/98 7250 MPF-34 9/98 7251 5231/7231 35 mm/16 mm Eastman PLUS-X Negative Film 5231/7231 5222/7222 35 mm/16 mm Eastman DOUBLE-X Negative Film Daylight- 250 25 Tungsten- 2005222/7222 7276 16 mm, Super 8 Eastman PLUS-X Reversal Film 7276 7278 16 mm, super 8 Eastman TRI-X Reversal Film Daylight- 200* 24 Tungsten- 1607278 Incident-Light Illumination in footcandles DaylightIntroduction Types of FiltersFilters for Black-and-White Films PLUS-X DOUBLE-X TRI-X Color Compensating Filters Conversion Filters for Color Films Kodak Light Balancing Filters Exposure To ObtainNeutral Density Filters Kodak Wratten Neutral Density Filters NoDaylight Page Tips and Techniques Aspect Ratios10 9/00 Ambient-Background Radiation effects on raw stock Protection from Physical DamageUnprocessed Film Before and After Exposure Processed Film StorageShooting for Television Getting Ready Ditty BagCamera Accessories ToolsCamera Operator’s Meter Case Flashing Camera Films to Lower Contrast Exposed Film -What Now?Final Thought About Laboratories Page Winding Designations Perforation TypesMm and 65 mm End Use Quantities -Standard Packages Mm End UseOrdering RAW Stock Product and Technical Information United States of America International ArgentinaAustralia AustriaChile ColombiaCzech Republic DenmarkFinland FranceGermany GreeceIran IrelandIsrael ItalyLuxemborg MalaysiaMexico NetherlandsPeru PhilippinesPoland PortugalSpain SwedenSwitzerland TaiwanUnited States UruguayVenezuela CAT 141

ISBN 0-87985-749-8 specifications

Kodak, a name synonymous with photography, has undergone a tremendous evolution over its long history. The company is not just a pioneer in film and printing technologies but has also embraced the digital age with significant innovations.

One of the prominent features of Kodak’s evolution is its dedication to imaging science, which has remained at the core of its business strategy. Kodak has developed a wide range of film types, including color negative film, color positive film, and black-and-white film, which cater to different photography needs. Each film type comes with unique characteristics designed to optimize image quality, color reproduction, and contrast.

Kodak’s commitment to innovation is evident in its development of digital technologies. The company was an early adopter of digital imaging techniques, launching its first digital camera in the early 1990s. This transition to digital photography focused on making the process more accessible for consumers while maintaining the quality and detail that Kodak is known for. The use of image sensors, such as CCD and CMOS, has allowed Kodak to capture high-resolution images that are rich in detail and color fidelity.

One of the standout technologies associated with Kodak is its printing technology, particularly the dye-sublimation printers. This technique produces high-quality prints by transferring dye onto materials like paper or plastic. Kodak’s printers are known for their rapid print speeds and excellent color reproduction, making them popular for both personal and professional use.

Additionally, Kodak has also made significant strides in the realm of image editing software and applications, which complement its hardware offerings. Programs like Kodak EasyShare and Kodak Gallery have allowed users to edit, organize, and share their photos seamlessly, further enhancing the user experience.

Another important characteristic of Kodak is its steadfast commitment to sustainability. The company has initiated various programs aimed at reducing environmental impact by promoting recycling and energy-efficient practices in its manufacturing processes.

In summary, Kodak’s legacy is a blend of heritage and innovation. From traditional film to cutting-edge digital imaging and sustainable practices, Kodak continues to hold a prominent place in the world of photography. Its technologies and products are a testament to its ability to adapt to changing times while remaining grounded in its core values of quality and consumer accessibility.
Top Page Image Contents