Agilent Technologies E8257D PSG, E8267D PSG

Chapter 3 109

Basic Digital Operation

Using Waveform Clipping

Figure3-10 Multiple Channel Summing

The I and Q waveforms combine in the I/Q modulator to create an RF waveform. The magnitude of

the RF envelope is determined by the equation , where the squaring of I and Q always results

in a positive value.

As shown in Figure 3-11, simultaneous positive and negative peaks in the I and Q waveforms do not

cancel each other, but combine to create an even greater peak.

Contents

Main Users Guide Agilent Technologies E8257D/67D PSG Signal Generators Notice Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Documentation Overview Page 1 Signal Generator Models and Features E8257D PSG Analog Signal Generator Features E8267D PSG Vector Signal Generator Features Options Firmware Upgrades To Upgrade Firmware Modes of Operation Continuous Wave Swept Signal Analog Modulation Digital Modulation Front Panel Page 8. Trigger 9. MENUS 10. Help 11. EXT 1 INPUT 12. EXT 2 INPUT 13. LF OUTPUT 14. Mod On/Off 15. ALC INPUT 16. RF On/Off 18. RF OUTPUT 19. SYNC OUT 20. VIDEO OUT 21. Incr Set 22. GATE/ PULSE/ TRIGGER INPUT Page 34. DATA CLOCK 35. DATA 36. Q Input 37. I Input Front Panel Display 1. Active Entry Area 2. Frequency Area 3. Annunciators Page 4. Digital Modulation Annunciators 5. Amplitude Area 6. Error Message Area 7. Text Area 8. Softkey Label Area Rear Panel Chapter 1 19 Signal Generator Overview Rear Panel Figure1-4 E8267D Option 1EM Rear Panel Page Figure1-6 E8257D Option 1EM Rear Panel 1. EVENT 1 2. EVENT 2 3. PATTERN TRIG IN 4. BURST GATE IN 5. AUXILIARY I/O 6. DIGITAL BUS 7. Q OUT 8. I OUT 9. WIDEBAND I INPUTS 10. I-bar OUT 11. WIDEBAND Q INPUTS 12. COH CARRIER 13. 1 GHz REF OUT (Serial Prefixes >=US4646/MY4646) 14. Q-bar OUT 15. AC Power Receptacle 16. GPIB 17. 10 MHz EFC 18. ALC HOLD (Serial Prefixes >=US4722/MY4722) 19. AUXILIARY INTERFACE 20. 10 MHz IN 21. LAN 22. 10 MHz OUT 23. STOP SWEEP IN/OUT 24. BASEBAND GEN CLK IN 25. Z-AXIS BLANK/MKRS 26. SWEEP OUT 27. TRIGGER OUT 28. TRIGGER IN 29. SOURCE SETTLED 30. SOURCE MODULE INTERFACE 31. RF OUT 33. EXT 2 34. PULSE SYNC OUT 35. PULSE VIDEO OUT 36. PULSE/TRIG GATE INPUT 37. ALC INPUT 39. I IN 40. SYMBOL SYNC 41. Q IN 42. DATA Page 2 Using Table Editors Tabl e E dit or So ftk ey s Modifying Table Items in the Data Fields Configuring the RF Output Configuring a Continuous Wave RF Output Page Configuring a Swept RF Output Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Extending the Frequency Range Modulating a Signal Turning On a Modulation Format Applying a Modulation Format to the RF Output Using Data Storage Functions Using the Memory Catalog Page Using the Instrument State Registers Page Using Security Functions 60 Chapter 2 Understanding PSG Memory Types Table2-2 Base Instrument Memory Chapter 2 61 Table2-3 Baseband Generator Memory (Options 601 and 602) Table2-2 Base Instrument Memory (Continued) 62 Chapter 2 Table2-4 Hard Disk Memory Table2-3 Baseband Generator Memory (Options 601 and 602) (Continued) Removing Sensitive Data from PSG Memory Page Page Using the Secure Display Enabling Options Enabling a Software Option Using the Web Server Activating the Web Server Page Page 3 Custom Modulation Custom Arb Waveform Generator Custom Real Time I/Q Baseband Arbitrary (ARB) Waveform File Headers Creating a File Header for a Modulation Format Waveform Modifying Header Information in a Modulation Format Figure3-2 Custom Digital Modulation Default Header Display Page Page Page Storing Header Information for a Dual ARB Player Waveform Sequence Modifying and Viewing Header Information in the Dual ARB Player Page Page Playing a Waveform File that Contains a Header Using the Dual ARB Waveform Player Accessing the Dual ARB Player Creating Waveform Segments Building and Storing a Waveform Sequence Playing a Waveform Editing a Waveform Sequence Adding Real-Time Noise to a Dual ARB Waveform Storing and Loading Waveform Segments Renaming a Waveform Segment Using Waveform Markers Waveform Marker Concepts Page Page Accessing Marker Utilities Viewing Waveform Segment Markers 1. Clearing Marker Points from a Waveform Segment 2. Setting Marker Points in a Waveform Segment Page 3. Controlling Markers in a Waveform Sequence (Dual ARB Only) Page Viewing a Marke r Pulse Using the RF Blanking Marker Function Page Setting Marker Polarity Triggering Waveforms Source Mode and Response Accessing Trigger Utilities Setting the Polarity of an External Trigger Using Gated Triggering Page Using Segment Advance Triggering Using Waveform Clipping How Power Peaks Develop Page Page How Clipping Reduces Peak-to-Average Power Page Page Configuring Circular Clipping Configuring Rectangular Clipping Using Waveform Scaling How DAC Over-Range Errors Occur How Scaling Eliminates DAC Over-Range Errors Scaling a Currently Playing Waveform (Runtime Scal ing) Scaling a Waveform File in Volatile Memory 4 Using the ALC Selecting ALC Bandwidth To Select an ALC Bandwidth RF OUTPUT < 2 MHz Using External Leveling To Level with Detectors and Couplers/Splitters Page Page To Level with a mm-Wave Source Module Creating and Applying User Flatness Correction Creating a User Flatness Correction Array Page Page Applying a User Flatness Correction Array Creating a User Flatness Correction Array with a mm-Wave Source Module Page Page Page Page Page Adjusting Reference Oscillator Bandwidth (Option UNR/UNX) To Select the Reference Oscillator Bandwidth To Restore Factory Default Settings: Page 5 Analog Modulation Waveforms Configuring AM (Option UNT) To Set the Carrier Frequency To Set the AM Depth and Rate To Turn on Amplitude Modulation Configuring FM (Option UNT) Configuring M (Option UNT) To Set the M Deviation and Rate To Activate M Configuring Pulse Modulation (Option UNU/UNW) To Set the Pulse Period, Width, and Triggering To Activate Pulse Modulation Configuring the LF Output (Option UNT) To Configure the LF Output with an Internal Modulation Source To Configure the LF Output with a Function Generator Source 6 Working with Predefined Setups (Modes) Selecting a Custom ARB Setup or a Custom Digital Modulation State Working with User-Defined Setups (Modes)Custom Arb Only Modifying a Single-Carrier NADC Setup Customizing a Multicarrier Setup Recalling a User-Defined Custom Digital Modulation State Working with Filters Using a Predefined FIR Filter Using a User-Defined FIR Filter Page Page Page Page Working w ith Symb ol Rates To Set a Symbol Rate 154 Chpater 6 Custom Arb Waveform Generator Working with Symbol Rates To Restore the Default Symbol Rate (CustomRealTime I/Q Only) Working with Modu lation Types To Select a Predefined Modulation Type To Use a User-Defined Modulation Type (RealTime I/Q Only) Page Page Page Page Differential Wideband IQ (Option 016) Single-Ended Wideband IQ (Option 015 - Discontinued) Configuring Hardware To Set a Delayed, Positive Polarity, External Single Trigger To Set the ARB Reference Page 7 Working with Predefined Setups (Modes) Selecting a Predefined Real Time Modulation Setup Deselecting a Predefined Real Time Modulation Setup Working with Data Patterns Using a Predefined Data Pattern Using a User-Defined Data Pattern Page Page Page Using an Externally Supplied Data Pattern Working with Burst Shapes Configuring the Burst Rise and Fall Parameters Using User-Defined Burst Shape Curves Page Page Configuring Hardware To Set the BBG Reference To Set the External DATA CLOCK to Receive Input as Either Normal or Symbol To Set the BBG DATA CLOCK to External or Internal To Adjust the I/Q Scaling Working with Phase Polarity To Set Phase Polarity to Normal or Inverted Working with Differential Data Encoding Understanding Differential Encoding Page transmittedbit i() databit i 1()=databit i() Page Using Differential Encoding Page Page Page 8 Creating, Viewing, and Optimizing Multitone Waveforms To Create a Custom Multitone Waveform To View a Multitone Waveform To Edit the Multitone Setup Table Page To Minimize Carrier Feedthrough To Determine Peak to Average Characteristics Page Page Page 9 Creating, Viewing, and Modifying Two-Tone Waveforms To Cr ea te a Tw o-To ne Wav ef or m To Vi ew a Tw o-To ne Wav ef or m To Minimize Carrier Feedthrough To Change the Alignment of a Two-Tone Waveform Page 10 Configuring the AWGN Generator Arb Waveform Generator AWGN Real Time I/Q Baseband AWGN 11 N5102A Digital Signal Interface Module Clock Timing See the PSG Users Guide for information Page Page Page Page Page Page Page 4 Clocks Per Sample 2 Clocks Per Sample Page 4 Clocks Per Sample 2 Clocks Per Sample 256 Clock Rate ------------------------------------------ Connecting the Clock Source and the Device Under Test Page Data Types Mode Operating the N5102A Module in Output Mode Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Operating the N5102A Module in Input Mode Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Millimeter-Wave Source Modules Using Agilent Millimeter-Wave Source Modules Page Page Page Using Other Source Modules Page Page 12 RF Output Power Problems No RF Output Power when Playing a Waveform File RF Output Power too Low The Power Supply has Shut Down Signal Loss While Working with a Mixer SIGNAL GENERATOR OUTPUT CONTROL MIXER Signal Loss While Working with a Spectrum Analyzer SIGNAL GENERATOR OUTPUT CONTROL MIXER 10 dB ATTEN No Modulation at the RF Output Sweep Problems Sweep Appears to be Stalled Cannot Turn Off Sweep Mode Incorrect List Sweep Dwell Time List Sweep Information is Missing from a Recalled Register Data Storage Problems Registers With Previously Stored Instrument States are Empty Saved Instrument State, but Register is Empty or Contains Wrong State Cannot Turn Off Help Mode Signal Generator Locks Up Fail-Safe Recovery Sequence Error Messages Error Message File Error Message Format Error Message Types Contacting Agilent Sales and Service Offices Returning a Signal Generator to Agilent Technologies