Using External Leveling

Optimizing Performance

sampling the fast rising edges of pulsed waveforms with high crest factors found in formats such as 802.11b, CDMA, and OFDM. A limited, or narrow bandwidth will result in a longer ALC sample time and a more accurate representation of the signal’s level.

NOTE Do not use the 10 kHz ALC bandwidth for any I/Q modulated signal, as the ALC integration time is too short. For CW signals, you can use higher ALC bandwidths.

The PSG signal generator can be externally leveled by connecting an external sensor at the point where leveled RF output power is desired. This sensor detects changes in RF output power and returns a compensating voltage to the signal generator’s ALC input. The ALC circuitry raises or lowers (levels) the RF output power based on the voltage received from the external sensor, ensuring constant power at the point of detection.

There are two types of external leveling available on the PSG. You can use external leveling with a detector and coupler/power splitter setup, or a millimeter- wave source module.

To Level with Detectors and Couplers/Splitters

Figure 4- 2 illustrates a typical external leveling setup. The power level feedback to the ALC circuitry is taken from the external negative detector, rather than the internal signal generator detector. This feedback voltage controls the ALC system, leveling the RF output power at the point of detection.

To use detectors and couplers/splitters for external leveling at an RF output frequency of 10 GHz and an amplitude of 0 dBm, follow the instructions in this section.

Required Equipment

•Agilent 8474E negative detector

•Agilent 87301D directional coupler

•cables and adapters, as required

Connect the Equipment

Set up the equipment as shown in Figure 4- 2.

Figure 4-2

External Detector Leveling with a Directional Coupler

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Chapter 4

E8267D PSG, E8257D PSG specifications

Agilent Technologies, a recognized leader in electronic measurement and communications solutions, offers a comprehensive range of signal generators, including the E8257D PSG (Pulsed Signal Generator) and E8267D PSG. These instruments are engineered to meet the demanding requirements of wireless communication, aerospace, defense, and various research applications.

The E8257D PSG is known for its versatility and reliability. It operates within a frequency range of 250 kHz to 40 GHz, making it suitable for a wide array of applications, from signal generation to vector modulation. With an output power capability of up to +30 dBm, it delivers high-quality signals with exceptional precision. Its low phase noise performance is especially critical for applications such as radar and communication system testing, where signal integrity is paramount.

One of the standout features of the E8257D is its advanced modulation capabilities, including analog and digital modulation schemes. This flexibility allows engineers to simulate real-world communications environments accurately. The PSG also features a built-in arbitrary waveform generator that enables users to create complex waveforms tailored to specific testing needs, providing a significant advantage in research and development.

On the other hand, the Agilent E8267D PSG is designed to cater to the needs of users requiring a combined signal generation and analysis solution. With the capability to generate signals from 250 kHz to 67 GHz, the E8267D is ideal for millimeter-wave applications, as well as testing next-generation wireless technologies.

This model includes features such as enhanced phase noise performance and faster switching speed, which are crucial for signal integrity in sophisticated networks. The instrument's intuitive user interface and powerful software integration facilitate effortless operation and automation, thereby improving workflow efficiency.

Both the E8257D and E8267D PSG instruments incorporate cutting-edge technologies such as low-noise microwave and RF components, as well as digital signal processing capabilities. They provide users with enhanced accuracy and reliability in their measurements.

In summary, Agilent Technologies' E8257D and E8267D PSG signal generators represent the pinnacle of precision in signal generation technology. With their extensive feature sets, advanced modulation capabilities, and robust performance specifications, these instruments are invaluable tools for engineers and researchers working across various high-tech industries.

Agilent Technologies E8267D PSG, E8257D PSG manual Using External Leveling, Required Equipment

Models: E8267D PSG E8257D PSG