a Centrex line—for example, permitting all calls on a line at the extension where it is assigned as a primary line while preventing outgoing calls on the line from an extension where it is assigned as a secondary line. In addition, equipment dialing restrictions can provide some of the protection provided by Centrex restrictions, restricting dialing on a specific Centrex line assigned to an extension, restricting dialing for all lines assigned to an extension, or overriding equipment dialing restrictions. (Users can always place and receive intercom calls, regardless of the equipment dialing restrictions placed on their extensions.)

Refer to Table 4-5on page 4-20 for a summary of the dialing restrictions and permissions that are available through your equipment controller.

NOTE:

If you have Centrex dialing restrictions on a line and also program equipment dialing restrictions for the line or an extension where the line is assigned, both the Centrex and equipment restrictions will apply to the line or extension.

However, equipment dialing permissions will not override Centrex restrictions.

Restricting Line Access

As noted previously, Centrex dialing restrictions apply to all appearances of the line to which they are assigned. If you wish to customize the restrictions for a line that is assigned to more than one extension, use the System Programming Line Access Restriction (#302) procedure to limit a particular extension’s access to a Centrex line. For example, you may wish to set an extension’s secondary lines to “incoming only.” This prevents the person at a covering extension from making outgoing calls on another user’s primary line. The following options are available for Line Access Restriction:

■No restrictions.

■Incoming only. The person at the extension can receive but not place calls on the line. If you restrict a line on an extension to incoming calls only, the user cannot get a dial tone on that line.

■Outgoing only. The person at the extension cannot receive calls on the line, but can place calls.

■No access. The person at the extension can see the status of the line (by looking at the lights next to the line button), join a call, and pick up a held call. However, the user at the extension cannot place or receive calls on the line.

For programming instructions for Line Access Restriction (#302), see page 5-11.

Restricting Dialing for All Lines at an Extension

The Line Access Restriction procedure controls an extension’s access to a line. Once an extension has access to a line, what it can dial is controlled by Outgoing Call Restriction, Disallowed Phone Number Lists, and (if a System Password is defined) Night Service. These last three restrictions are similar to those provided by Centrex; but the Centrex restrictions are by line (for all extensions the line is assigned to) and the equipment restrictions are by extension (for all lines assigned to the extension).

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AT&T II manual Restricting Line Access, Restricting Dialing for All Lines at an Extension
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II specifications

AT&T II, a pivotal case in the landscape of telecommunications regulation, emerged from the expansive antitrust actions against the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T). Following World War II, AT&T had established itself as a telecommunications behemoth, monopolizing the market. The ramifications of this dominance spurred a significant shift in regulatory measures, leading to the dissolution of the Bell System in 1984, which consisted of AT&T and its regional operating companies.

One key feature of AT&T II is its emphasis on promoting competition in the telecommunications sector. The court's decision aimed to dismantle the monopolistic practices that had stifled innovation and restricted consumer choice. By encouraging competition among various service providers, the ruling paved the way for an environment where new technologies could flourish.

The technologies that emerged post-AT&T II significantly transformed the telecommunications landscape. The introduction of new digital switching systems allowed for improved call quality and increased network efficiency. The evolution of fiber-optic technology also played a crucial role, enabling faster transmission speeds and greater data capacity. Moreover, innovative services, such as mobile telephony and broadband internet, proliferated as competition increased.

Another characteristic of AT&T II is its focus on accessibility and consumer protection. The ruling mandated that telecommunications services be available to a broader swath of the population, ensuring that underserved communities had access to essential communication services. This shift not only democratized access but also laid the groundwork for the modern internet revolution, fostering the growth of the digital economy.

The impact of AT&T II can also be seen in the regulatory frameworks that followed. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) adopted policies aimed at enhancing market transparency and ensuring fair practices among competitors. These regulatory changes helped to create a more equitable playing field, allowing smaller companies to compete against established giants.

In summary, AT&T II marked a turning point in telecommunications history, characterized by a focus on competition, technological advancements, and consumer protection. The dissolution of AT&T's monopoly allowed for the rapid evolution of technology and services, ultimately benefiting consumers and fostering an environment ripe for innovation. This ruling not only redefined the telecommunications industry but also set a precedent for how markets are regulated in the United States.
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