Using Telephones

6

 

Overview

This chapter explains how to use your telephones. It does not provide detailed instructions about using your Centrex services. See the Centrex documentation provided by your local telephone company for information on Centrex services.

Terminology

The following terms are used in this chapter. In addition, you may wish to review the “Terminology” section of “About This Guide,” which defines basic terms used throughout this guide, or the Glossary, which defines all terms.

Centrex

A short code (or “Centrex extension ID”) that can be used to

extension

dial another extension within the Centrex system. Typically,

number

this is the last digits of the Centrex telephone number.

Combination

An extension that has two devices connected to it using a

extension

special connector called a bridging adapter. Combination

 

extensions can connect two industry-standard devices or an

 

industry-standard device and an MLS- or MLC-model phone,

 

but not two MLS- or MLC-model phones.

Equipment

A feature provided by your equipment controller (as opposed

feature

to a service provided by Centrex).

Equipment

A programmable telephone button on an MLS- or MLC-model

feature button

telephone that enables you to access an equipment feature

 

simply by pressing that button.

Inside call

A call made from an extension inside the Centrex system to

 

another extension inside the Centrex system, using the

 

Centrex extension number.

Using Telephones 6-1

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AT&T II An extension that has two devices connected to it using a, But not two MLS- or MLC-model phones, Using Telephones
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II specifications

AT&T II, a pivotal case in the landscape of telecommunications regulation, emerged from the expansive antitrust actions against the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T). Following World War II, AT&T had established itself as a telecommunications behemoth, monopolizing the market. The ramifications of this dominance spurred a significant shift in regulatory measures, leading to the dissolution of the Bell System in 1984, which consisted of AT&T and its regional operating companies.

One key feature of AT&T II is its emphasis on promoting competition in the telecommunications sector. The court's decision aimed to dismantle the monopolistic practices that had stifled innovation and restricted consumer choice. By encouraging competition among various service providers, the ruling paved the way for an environment where new technologies could flourish.

The technologies that emerged post-AT&T II significantly transformed the telecommunications landscape. The introduction of new digital switching systems allowed for improved call quality and increased network efficiency. The evolution of fiber-optic technology also played a crucial role, enabling faster transmission speeds and greater data capacity. Moreover, innovative services, such as mobile telephony and broadband internet, proliferated as competition increased.

Another characteristic of AT&T II is its focus on accessibility and consumer protection. The ruling mandated that telecommunications services be available to a broader swath of the population, ensuring that underserved communities had access to essential communication services. This shift not only democratized access but also laid the groundwork for the modern internet revolution, fostering the growth of the digital economy.

The impact of AT&T II can also be seen in the regulatory frameworks that followed. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) adopted policies aimed at enhancing market transparency and ensuring fair practices among competitors. These regulatory changes helped to create a more equitable playing field, allowing smaller companies to compete against established giants.

In summary, AT&T II marked a turning point in telecommunications history, characterized by a focus on competition, technological advancements, and consumer protection. The dissolution of AT&T's monopoly allowed for the rapid evolution of technology and services, ultimately benefiting consumers and fostering an environment ripe for innovation. This ruling not only redefined the telecommunications industry but also set a precedent for how markets are regulated in the United States.
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