Philips Electromagnetic Lamp manual 143

Page 37

5

3.17 Stroboscopic effect and striations

2.The light ripple can also have an effect on the quality of camera pictures.This phenomenon may become apparent when CCD colour cameras operate in auto-shutter mode and the lighting of the area is predominantly with fluorescent lamps,

The auto-shutter mode is normally selected when cameras are equipped with manual or fixed iris lenses and the automatic light response is controlled by an electronic shutter system in the camera. The more light is exposed to the camera, the shorter the shutter time.This means: the shorter the light integration in the sensor takes place. For example, with a shutter time of 1/1000th of a second the light integration of the CCD sensor is 1 msec only.Within the normal CCIR scanning period of 20 msec (50 Hz) the 1/1000th of a second the light intergration time is just a snap-shot in the normal frame scanning period. In this manner the sensitivity of the camera is reduced. As described before, the light output of fluorescent lamps varies continuously from minimum (at zero crossing) to maximum during the positive and negative phases of the mains voltage, twice during one mains voltage cycle. In other words: the fluorescent lamp is flashing 100 times per second. Due to the lag of our eye, viewing a scene illuminated with ‘TL’ lamps, gives the impression of a white and continuous light output.

At the dip of the light output, the excitation of the fluorescent powders is with minimum energy.At this point, the light output is therefore not white, the colour depending on the properties of the non-saturated excitation of the fluorescent powders in the lamp. As the human eye works as an integrator, this effect cannot be noticed.The light ripple of a ‘TL’ lamp is illustrated in Fig. 137. When the automatic shutter in the camera is switched off, the two light ripples of a ‘TL’ lamp are integrated during the normal 20 msec frame integration time of the sensor and consequently the light impression is white.This is illustrated in Fig. 138.

Using the automatic shutter in sufficiently illuminated scenes, the shutter speed increases and consequently light integration in the sensor takes place during a short period of time. Depending on the position where the light integration (snap-shot) takes place with respect to the mains phase (light ripple), it is now possible that a TV

Fig. 137. Colour shift during the 100 Hz light ripple of a fluorescent lamp

non-saturated phosphors

momentary light output

white light

yellowish light

reddish light

143

Page 36 Page 38
Image 37
Page 36 Page 38
Contents Stabilisation Main ballast functionsIgnition and re-ignition 107108 Types of ballastsIgnition and re-ignition Resistor ballastsTypes of ballasts 109Capacitor ballasts Inductive ballasts or chokes110 Ballast specification and markingBallast specification and marking Maximum coil temperature tw and ΔT111 112 Watt lossesMain starter function Glow-switch startersStarter types 113Starter types 114Components Lifetime115 Electronic starters116 CapacitorsComponents Discharge tube Starter Capacitor Ballast Thermal protector117 Capacitors Filter coilsIEC 119 Power factor correctionFilter coils 120 Power factor correction121 SinLamp factor = lamp wattage / lamp voltage . lamp current Placed in series with one of the ballasts 122123 Series connection of lamps124 Neutral interruption and resonanceSeries connection of lamps Good neutral is essentialNeutral interruption and resonance 125PL-TSC 4-pins Electrical diagrams126 127 Electrical diagramsPL-S, PL-C starter incorporated ‘TL’D, PL-LHarmonic distortion Mains voltage interruptions and short-circuiting128 Mains voltage interruptions and short-circuitingHarmonic distortion 129Ninth harmonic 130131 Electromagnetic interferenceReinforce each other Electromagnetic interference 132Ambient and operating temperatures Ambient and operating temperaturesMinimum temperatures Lamps 133134 Maximum temperatures LampsGear LuminairesBallasts 135Starters 136 Effects of mains voltage fluctuations137 Electrical wiring138 Electrical wiringSee IEC 598, section 139 Hum140 DimmingDimming Coil in series and by a thyristor 141142 Stroboscopic effect and striationsStroboscopic effect and striations For this subject, see also section Lamps143 144 145 Circuit breakers, fusing and earth leakageStandard conditions Main circuit breakers work on two principles 146According to CEE-19-2ndedition L, U and K Non-standard conditions 147Short-circuiting of the lamp Short-circuiting of the ballastShort-circuiting of the ignitor 148Short-circuiting of the parallel compensating capacitor Short-circuiting of the series capacitorCircuit breakers, fusing and earth leakage Fault finding149 1AVisual inspection of lamps150 151 Fault finding Fault IV lamp flickersElectrical tests 152 Fault finding153 Installation aspectsType ballast should be used Non-standard supply voltages Maintenance154 Non-standard supply voltages

Electromagnetic Lamp specifications

The Philips Electromagnetic Lamp is a transformative lighting solution that enhances both indoor and outdoor spaces. Designed to integrate cutting-edge technology with energy efficiency, this lamp offers a range of features tailored for diverse applications, from residential to commercial use.

One of the primary features of the Philips Electromagnetic Lamp is its powerful electromagnetic technology. This technology allows for efficient energy conversion, resulting in superior light output while consuming minimal electricity. The lamp is engineered to provide a high lumen per watt ratio, making it an environmentally friendly choice for those looking to reduce their carbon footprint without compromising on brightness.

The durability of the Philips Electromagnetic Lamp is another significant characteristic. Built with robust materials, it is designed to withstand various environmental conditions. Whether exposed to heat, moisture, or dust, this lamp guarantees longevity and reliable performance. Additionally, its resistance to temperature fluctuations makes it ideal for a range of settings, including industrial environments where resilience is essential.

In terms of versatility, the Philips Electromagnetic Lamp shines brightly. It is available in multiple wattages and color temperatures, enabling users to select the perfect lighting for different spaces. From warm white shades ideal for cozy home environments to cooler, brighter options suited for workspaces, this lamp adapts to individual needs and preferences.

Moreover, the lamp incorporates advanced light distribution technology. This ensures an even spread of light without dark spots or harsh glares, enhancing visibility and comfort. It is particularly beneficial for large areas needing uniform illumination, such as warehouses, parking lots, and public areas.

Another key feature is its compatibility with smart lighting systems. Many models of the Philips Electromagnetic Lamp can connect to smart home platforms, allowing for remote control, scheduling, and automation. This modern integration enhances user convenience and promotes energy savings by enabling users to optimize their lighting usage according to their routines.

In conclusion, the Philips Electromagnetic Lamp is a perfect blend of efficiency, durability, and advanced technology. Its electromagnetic capabilities, long-lasting construction, diverse options, and smart compatibility make it an outstanding choice for anyone seeking a sustainable lighting solution without compromising on performance.
Top Page Image Contents