173 - 238 CCNA 2: Routers and Routing Basics v3.1 Instructor Guide – Appendix B Copyright © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc.
Students will also assign roles and identify jobs that need to be completed for the benefit of the
group. This allows students to tap into their current knowledge, and journey into new levels of
comprehension through a continuous cycle of inquiry and exploration. Students who work
individually will go through the same process without any team direction and input. These
students will make their own decisions about the relevancy of information. They will rely on
their peers and other data sources to determine which information is most useful.
During this time, the teacher will assume a role that is different from the provider of skills and
knowledge. The instructor will become a facilitator of learning. As students become immersed
in their questions and desire to learn, teachers can ask essential questions to support thinking
and exploration. As students struggle with challenges, teachers can introduce problem-solving
strategies and encourage students to work through what is perceived to be a difficult situation.
As students master the course content, teachers can introduce the next level of challenge.
Web Links
Pedagogical Application of Technology: A Consortium for Change:
http://courses.temple.edu/ta/contructivist.htm
B.1.6 Multiple intelligences
Figure 1: Multiple Intelligences
The research of Howard Gardner provides great insight into how students learn. Students
learn in different ways. There are multiple skills that go beyond the traditional verbal and
mathematical abilities that are required to master new learning. According to Gardner, there
are eight intelligences that people have a predetermined strength to use:
• Verbal/Linguistic intelligence allows students to understand verbal and written
forms of words. Students with strong verbal/linguistic intelligence easily recognize
sounds, languages, and inflections of speech.
• Logical/Mathematical intelligence allows students to understand and interact with
numbers, symbols, and patterns, especially within the disciplines of math and
science.