IGP versus EGP | Cisco Systems CCNA 2 guide

6.3.4 IGP versus EGP

Interior routing protocols are designed to be used in a network that is under the control of a single organization. The protocols used in CCNA 2 will be IGPs. The protocols RIP, IGRP, EIGRP, and OSPF are all IGPs. Exterior routing protocols are designed for use between two different autonomous systems. An example of an EGP protocol is Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). BGP is the routing protocol used on the Internet. Interior routing protocols are designed to be used within an autonomous system. BGP is the routing protocol used on the Internet. Interior routing protocols are designed to be used within an AS.

73 - 238 CCNA 2: Routers and Routing Basics v3.1 Instructor Guide – Module 6

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Cisco Systems CCNA 2 manual IGP versus EGP

Contents

Page Welcome Student-Centered, Instructor-Facilitated One Size Does Not Fit All Hands-On, Skills-Based Global Community Guide Overview Prerequisites II. Course OverviewTarget Audience Course Description Lab Requirements Certification Alignment Course Overview Copyright 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc III. Teaching Guide for Each TI Nomenclature Learning objective LO Target indicator TIModule Lesson Module 1 Caution Module 1 WANs and RoutersOverview Introduction to routers in a WAN WANsIntroduction to WANs Router LANs and WANs ROM Role of Routers in a WAN Academy approach to hands-on labs Router physical characteristics Routers Console Port Connections Router external connectionsManagement port connections Connecting Router LAN interfaces Connecting WAN interfaces Module 1 Summary Module 2 Introduction to Routers Module 2 Caution Router user interface Operating Cisco IOS SoftwarePurpose of Cisco IOS software Router user interface modes Cisco IOS software features Operation of Cisco IOS software Starting a Router Router LED indicatorsInitial router bootup Initial startup of Cisco routers Keyboard help in the router CLI Router loginEstablish a console session Enhanced editing commands Router command history Troubleshooting command line errors Show version command Module 2 Summary Module 3 Configuring a Router Module 3 Caution Copyright 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc Configure a Router CLI command modes Configuring a router name Configuring router passwords Examining the show commands Configuring a serial interface Making configuration changes Configuring an Ethernet interface Router#copy running-config startup-config Finishing the Configuration Importance of configuration standards Configuring an interface description Interface descriptions Host name resolutions Login bannersConfiguring message-of-the-day Motd Backing up configuration files Configuring host tablesConfiguration backup and documentation Copyright 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc Module 3 Summary Module 4 Caution Use the show cdp neighbors commandModule 4 Learning about Other Devices Essential Labs Optional Labs Discovering and Connecting to NeighborsIntroduction to CDP Information obtained with CDP TLV Implementation, monitoring, and maintenance of CDP Creating a network map of the environment Troubleshooting CDP Disabling CDP Command Purpose Establishing and verifying a Telnet connection Getting Information about Remote DevicesTelnet Router131.108.100.152 Ctrl -Shift -6 then Disconnecting and suspending Telnet sessionsAdvanced Telnet operation Resume Alternative connectivity tests StanlyLab#show sessions LAB-A#trace lab-e LAB-B#ping lab-cLAB-D#ping lab-c LAB-A#trace lab-d Troubleshooting IP addressing issues LAB-C#show ip route Module 4 Summary Module 5 Managing Cisco IOS Software How a Cisco device locates and loads the Cisco IOS Router Boot Sequence and VerificationStages of the router power-on boot sequence Essential Labs Optional Labs None Core TIs All Optional TIs Troubleshooting IOS boot failure Using the boot system commandConfiguration register Managing the Cisco File System Additional Resources IOS file system overview IOS naming convention Enter copy tftp running-config Managing configuration files using TftpManaging configuration files using copy and paste Select Transfer Capture Text Show running-config Managing IOS images using Tftp Managing IOS images using XModem Environment variables File system verification Discuss the following alternatives with the students Module 5 Summary Module 6 Routing and Routing Protocols Module 6 Caution Static route operation Introduction to Static RoutingIntroduction to routing Rt1config#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2 Rt1config#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0Rt1config#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 s0 Configuring static routes Rt1#config terminal Configuring default route forwarding Verifying static route configuration Troubleshooting static route configuration Show ip route output Rt1#show ip route Rt1#show interfaces s0 Rt1#ping Autonomous systems Dynamic Routing OverviewIntroduction to routing protocols Identifying the classes of routing protocols Distance vector routing protocol featuresPurpose of a routing protocol and autonomous systems Link-state routing protocol features Routing Protocols Overview Routing protocols Routing configurationPath determination IGP versus EGP Module 6 Summary Module 7 Caution Module 7 Distance Vector Routing ProtocolsOverview Distance Vector Routing Distance vector routing updatesDistance vector routing loop issues Problem Routing Loops Defining a maximum count Eliminating routing loops through split horizon Routing Update Avoiding routing loops with triggered updates Route poisoning Preventing routing loops with holddown timers RIP Configuring RIP RIP routing process Using the ip classless command Common RIP configuration issues LAB-A#debug ip rip Verifying RIP configurationTroubleshooting RIP update issues Preventing routing updates through an interface Load Balancing with RIP Integrating static routes with RIP IgrpLoad balancing across multiple paths Essential Labs Optional Labs Core TIs Igrp features Igrp metrics Igrp stability features Igrp routes Migrating from RIP to Igrp Configuring IgrpVerifying Igrp Configuration Troubleshooting Igrp Ip classless command Module 7 Summary Copyright 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc Module 8 TCP/IP Suite Error and Control Messages Module 8 Caution Icmp Overview of TCP/IP Error MessageError reporting and error correction Icmp message delivery Detecting excessively long routes Using ping to test destination reachabilityUnreachable networks Destination unreachable message Miscellaneous error reportingEcho messages Icmp redirect/change requests TCP/IP Suite Control MessagesIntroduction to control messages Address mask requests Clock synchronization and transit time estimationInformation requests and reply message formats Router discovery message Router solicitation message Congestion and flow control messages Module 8 Summary Module 9 Basic Router Troubleshooting Module 9 Caution Determining the gateway of last resort Show ip route commandExamining the Routing Table Determining L2 and L3 addresses Determining route administrative distanceDetermining route source and destination Determining the route next hop Determining the last routing updateDetermining the route metric Using a structured approach to troubleshooting Network TestingIntroduction to network testing Observing multiple paths to destination Layer 3 troubleshooting using ping Testing by OSI layersLayer 1 troubleshooting using indicators Layer 7 troubleshooting using Telnet Troubleshooting Layer 2 using the show interfaces Troubleshooting Router Issues OverviewTroubleshooting Layer 1 using show interfaces Troubleshooting using show cdp Troubleshooting using show controllers Troubleshooting using tracerouteTroubleshooting routing issues Introduction to debug Module 9 Summary Show cdp Traceroute Show controllers serial Debug Module 10 Intermediate TCP/IP Module 10 Caution Synchronization or three-way handshake TCP OperationTCP operation Denial of service attacks Windowing and window size UDP operation Sequencing numbersPositive acknowledgements Overview of Transport Layer Ports Multiple conversations between hosts Port numbering and well known port numbers Ports for servicesPorts for clients Example of multiple sessions between hosts Comparison of MAC addresses, IP addresses, and port numbers Module 10 Summary Module 11 Access Control List ACLs Access Control List Fundamentals Introduction to ACLs How ACLs work Rt1config#access-list 1 permit 192.168.0.1 ? Rt1config#access-list ?Rt1config#access-list 1 permit ? Creating ACLs C.D Wildcard bits Log Function of a wildcard mask Verifying ACLs Access Control Lists ACLs Standard ACLs Extended ACLs Rt1config#access-list 101 ?Rt1config#access-list 101 permit ? Named ACLs Placing ACLs Firewalls Restricting virtual terminal access Module 11 Summary IV. Case Study Overview and Objectives Scenario and Phase 1 Project Description Phase 2 IP Addressing Network Diagram IP Addressing Phase 3 Basic Router and Workstation Configuration Boaz Center Instructor approval Date Phase 4 Access Control Lists Ping from Router Boaz to Workstation Eva Security management documentation Boaz Phase 5 Documenting the NetworkConfiguration management documentation Boaz Eva Technical Documentation Case Study DeliverablesGeneral Documentation Copyright 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc Class Range Phase 1 Project DescriptionCase Study Instructor Notes Optional Phase 5 Documenting the Network Sample outputs Boaz Case Study Instructor Sample Outputs Boaz#show ip interface brief Boaz#show startup-config Using 1090 out of 32762 bytes Security Management documentation Boaz Boaz#show ip interface Copyright 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc Phase 5 Documenting the Network Sample outputs Centre Configuration Management documentation Centre#show version Copyright 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc Security Management documentation Centre Centre#show ip interface Centre#show ip access-lists Phase 5 Documenting the Network Sample outputs Eva Configuration Management documentation Eva Eva#show hosts Eva#show startup-config Using 1156 out of 32762 bytes Security Management documentation Eva Eva#show ip interface Copyright 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc Appendices Appendix a Cisco Online Tools and Utilities Output Interpreter Error Message Decoder Software Bug Toolkit IP Subnet Calculator Password Recovery Procedures TAC Case Collection Software Advisor Feature Navigator TAC Advanced Search What is meant by best practices? Best Practices Nets Nets Standards Literacy, math, and science standards Web Links Timss report Timss Report Participating Countries Student-centered learning Learner Model Academy Student Multiple intelligences Multiple Intelligences Web Links Inquiry-based learning Inquiry Based Learning Special needs Special Needs Web Links Learning disabilities Learning Disabilities Strategies for Teaching Students with Learning Disabilities Lab-Centric Instruction Ccna labs PPP Isdn Ccnp labs Ccnp Labs Web Links Netlab Web Links Simulations Simulations Sponsored curriculum labs Sponsored Curriculum Labs Sponsored Curriculum Labs Fundamentals of Voice and Data Cabling IT Essentials PC Hardware and Software IT EssentialsIT Essentials Network Operating Systems Fundamentals of Web Design Fundamentals of UnixFundamentals of Java Programming Http//cisco.netacad.net/cnacs/prot-doc/newcourses.html Emerging technologies PIX Firewall PhotoZoom Wireless solutions Troubleshooting Steps in the Problem-Solving Model Teaching Methods Web Resources Project-based Instruction Challenges and projects Copyright 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc Dartmouth Problem-Solving Cycle Design activities Web Links Cluster Diagram Brainstorming Gifted Education a Resource Guide for Teachers Case studies Case Studies Case Study Teaching in Science a Bibliography Web research Cisco.com Instructional Strategies Instructor-led classrooms Copyright 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc Self-paced instruction Small groups Cooperative/collaborative workPairs or partners Large groups TeamsCompetitive teams Whole class Student-led discussions Demonstrations Presentations Jigsaws Jigsaw Puzzle Ask the right questions Ask the Right Questions Copyright 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc 6 PMI PMI Problem-Solving Matrix Graphic organizers Flowchart Extended Star Topology in a Multi-Building Campus Digital Signal Data Encapsulation Local Area Networks and Devices Copyright 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc RFI EMI Setting goals Kinesthetic activities Kinesthetic Activities Web Links Assessment Strategies Review strategies Journals and reflection Copyright 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc Web Links Rubrics Grading Rubric Sample Rubistar http//rubistar.4teachers.org Portfolio Guidelines for Portfolio Assessment in Teaching English Oral exams Oral Exams Copyright 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc Lab exams Lab Exams Web Links Six lenses Six Lenses Copyright 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc