IP-over-CLNS Tunnels, Ft-Td, Is L1/L2 | Cisco Systems ONS 15600

Chapter 9 Management Network Connectivity

9.7.8 IP-over-CLNS Tunnels

•FT-TD

•T-TD

•LAN subnet

OSI virtual router constraints depend on the routing mode provisioned for the node. Table 9-14shows the number of IS L1s, IS L1/L2s, and DCCs that are supported by each router. An IS L1 and IS L1/L2 support one ES per DCC subnet and up to 100 ESs per LAN subnet.

Table 9-14	OSI Virtual Router Constraints

				IS L1	IS L1/L2	DCC
Routing Mode		Router 1	Router 2 — 12	per area	per area	per IS

IS L1		Yes	Yes	250	—	60

IS L1/L2		Yes	Yes	250	50	60

Each OSI virtual router has a primary manual area address. You can also create two additional manual area addresses. These manual area addresses can be used to:

•Split up an area—Nodes within a given area can accumulate to a point that they are difficult to manage, cause excessive traffic, or threaten to exceed the usable address space for an area. Additional manual area addresses can be assigned so that you can smoothly partition a network into separate areas without disrupting service.

•Merge areas—Use transitional area addresses to merge as many as three separate areas into a single area that shares a common area address.

•Change to a different address—You might need to change an area address for a particular group of nodes. Use multiple manual area addresses to allow incoming traffic intended for an old area address to continue being routed to associated nodes.

9.7.8IP-over-CLNS Tunnels

IP-over-CLNS tunnels are used to encapsulate IP for transport across OSI NEs. The ONS 15600 supports two tunnel types:

•GRE—Generic Routing Encapsulation is a tunneling protocol that encapsulates one network layer for transport across another. GRE tunnels add both a CLNS header and a GRE header to the tunnel frames. GRE tunnels are supported by Cisco routers and some other vendor NEs.

•Cisco IP—The Cisco IP tunnel directly encapsulates the IP packet with no intermediate header. Cisco IP is supported by most Cisco routers.

Figure 9-25shows the protocol flow when an IP-over-CLNS tunnel is created through four NEs (A, B, C, and D). The tunnel ends are configured on NEs A and D, which support both IP and OSI. NEs B and C only support OSI, so they only route the OSI packets.

Cisco ONS 15600 Reference Manual, R7.2

9-38

ONS 15600 specifications

Cisco Systems ONS 15600 is a highly versatile optical networking platform designed to meet the demands of modern telecommunications and data services. This multiservice edge platform supports various transmission mediums and offers a wide array of features that enable efficient data transport. Ideal for service providers and large enterprises, the ONS 15600 is engineered to provide scalable and reliable optical transport solutions.

One of the notable features of the ONS 15600 is its capability to support multiple protocols, including SONET/SDH, Ethernet, OTN, and legacy TDM services. This flexibility allows users to tailor their networks according to specific service requirements while ensuring interoperability with existing infrastructure. The platform is designed to facilitate seamless service migration, accommodating both legacy and next-generation services.

The modular architecture of the ONS 15600 enhances its scalability. It allows for easy expansion by incorporating additional line cards or interface modules without requiring significant downtime. This modularity ensures that service providers can evolve their networks over time, responding to increasing bandwidth demands and new service offerings with ease.

Incorporating advanced technologies, the ONS 15600 employs Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM), significantly increasing the capacity of fiber networks by allowing multiple signals to be transmitted simultaneously over a single optical fiber. This capability helps to optimize fiber utilization and reduce operational costs. In addition, the platform supports Optical Transport Network (OTN) for improved error detection and correction, contributing to higher reliability and performance.

Another key characteristic of the ONS 15600 is its robust management capabilities. The platform can be managed through Cisco's Optical Networking Manager (ONM), providing a centralized interface for network configuration, monitoring, and troubleshooting. This enhances operational efficiency and minimizes downtime, allowing service providers to focus on delivering quality services to their customers.

The ONS 15600 also prioritizes security, offering various features like encryption and access control to safeguard sensitive data during transmission. With its combination of scalability, flexibility, and security, the Cisco ONS 15600 stands out as a reliable choice for organizations looking to enhance their optical networking capabilities while meeting the evolving demands of the digital landscape. Its commitment to quality and performance makes it a cornerstone of modern optical networks.

Cisco Systems ONS 15600 manual IP-over-CLNS Tunnels, Ft-Td, Is L1/L2

Models: ONS 15600

•FT-TD

IS L1/L2

DCC

Routing Mode

Router 1

Router 2 — 12

per area

per IS

IS L1

9.7.8IP-over-CLNS Tunnels

Figure 9-25shows the protocol flow when an IP-over-CLNS tunnel is created through four NEs (A, B, C, and D). The tunnel ends are configured on NEs A and D, which support both IP and OSI. NEs B and C only support OSI, so they only route the OSI packets.

ONS 15600 specifications