Tos-rewrite | Cabletron Systems SmartSwitch manual

Chapter 19: QoS Configuration Guide

The <tos> and <tos-mask>parameters use values ranging from 0 to 255. They are used in conjunction with each other to define which bit in the <tos> field of the packet is significant. The <tos-precedence-rewrite>value ranges from 0 to 7 and is the value that is rewritten in the ToS Precedence field (the first three bits of the ToS octet). The <tos-rewrite>value ranges from 0 to 31 and is the value that is rewritten in the ToS field (the last five bits of the ToS octet, which includes both the ToS field and the MBZ bit).

7	6	5	4	3	2	1	0
Precedence					ToS		MBZ

<tos-precedence-rewrite>					<tos-rewrite>
	0-7				0-31

The ToS byte rewrite is part of the QoS priority classifier group. The entire ToS byte can be rewritten or only the precedence part of the ToS byte can be rewritten. If you specify a value for <tos-precedence-rewrite>, then only the upper three bits of the ToS byte are changed. If you set <tos-precedence-rewrite>to any and specify a value for <tos-rewrite>, then the upper three bits remain unchanged and the lower five bits are rewritten. If you specify values for both <tos-precedence-rewrite>and <tos-rewrite>, then the upper three bits are rewritten to the <tos-precedence-rewrite>value and the lower five bits are rewritten to the <tos-rewrite>value.

For example, the following command will rewrite the ToS Precedence field to 7 if the ToS Precedence field of the incoming packet is 6:

ssr(config)# qos set ip tosp6to7 low any any any any 222 any any 224 7

In the above example, the <tos> value of 222 (binary value 1101 1110) and the <tos-mask>value of 224 (binary value 1110 0000) are ANDed together to specify the ToS Precedence field value of 6 (binary value 110). Changing the value in the <tos-mask>parameter determines the bit in the ToS octet field that will be examined.

The following example will rewrite the ToS Precedence and the ToS fields to 5 and 30 if the incoming packet is from the 10.10.10.0/24 network with the ToS Precedence field set to 2

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Cabletron Systems SmartSwitch manual Tos-rewrite

Contents

SmartSwitch Router User Reference Manual 9032578-04 SmartSwitch Router User Reference Manual Industry Canada Notice Vcci Notice Cabletron SYSTEMS, INC Program License Agreement SmartSwitch Router User Reference Manual SmartSwitch Router User Reference Manual SmartSwitch Router User Reference Manual Cabletron Systems Limited Program License Agreement SmartSwitch Router User Reference Manual Safety Information Laser Radiation and Connectors EC Directive 89/336/EEC EC Directive 73/23/EEC SmartSwitch Router User Reference Manual Contents Hot Swapping Line Cards and Control Modules SmartTRUNK Configuration Guide Creating a non-IP/non-IPX Vlan Vrrp Configuration Guide 127 Multicast Routing Configuration Guide 199 IP Multicast Overview 199 209 Web Hosting Configuration Guide 233 255 QoS Configuration Guide 283 WAN Configuration Guide 315 Contents About This Manual How to Use This ManualPreface Who Should Read This Manual? Preface Related Documentation Installing and setting up the SSRManaging the SSR using Cabletron’s For Information About See Preface SmartSwitch Router User Reference Manual Chapter SSR Product Overview SSR Hardware and software specificationsFeature Specification IPX RIP, SAP Multicast IGMP, Dvmrp Supported Media Encapsulation Type Supported Routing Protocols Routing Information Protocol RIP Version 1 Configuring the SmartSwitch RouterUnderstanding the Command Line Interface Common CLI key commands Basic Line Editing CommandsAccess Modes Key Sequence Command User Mode Enable Mode Exit Configure Mode Boot Prom Mode Pvst Boot and System Image Loading System Images and Configuration FilesDisabling a Function or Feature Configuration Files Loading System Image Software Ssr# system show version Enter the system image list command to verify the change Loading Boot Prom SoftwareActivating the Configuration Commands in the Scratchpad Enter yes or y to activate the changes Copying the Configuration to the Startup Configuration FileCLI displays the following message Displaying Configuration Changes Managing the SSR Configuring NTP Setting the SSR NameSetting SSR Date and Time Configuring DNS Configuring the SSR CLIConfiguring Snmp Services Connecting Between the SSR and Other Systems Configuring Logging Monitoring Configuration Task Command Show the configuration changes Show the SSR login bannerShow the type of Power-On Self Test Post Reboot Show the status of the switching fabric Hot Swapping Line Cards Chapter Hot Swapping Line Cards Control ModulesHot Swapping Overview Deactivating the Line Card Removing the Line Card Hot Swapping One Type of Line Card With Another Installing a New Line CardHot Swapping a Secondary Control Module Deactivating the Control Module Removing the Control Module Hot Swapping a Switching Fabric Module SSR 8600 only Installing the Control Module SSR-SF-16 Offline Switching Fabric Spanning Tree Ieee 802.1d Chapter Bridging Configuration GuideBridging Overview Vlan Overview Bridging Modes Flow-Based and Address-Based Protocol-based VLANs Port-based VLANsMAC-address-based VLANs Subnet-based VLANs Policy-based VLANs SSR Vlan SupportMulticast-based VLANs VLANs and the SSR Access Ports and Trunk Ports 802.1Q support Ports, VLANs, and L3 Interfaces Explicit and Implicit VLANs Configuring SSR Bridging FunctionsConfiguring Address-based or Flow-based Bridging Configuring Spanning Tree Address-Based Bridge Table Flow-Based Bridge Table More ports for a particular Vlan Adjusting Spanning-Tree ParametersSetting the Bridge Priority Assigning Port Costs Setting a Port PriorityAdjusting Bridge Protocol Data Unit Bpdu Intervals Defining the Maximum Age Adjusting the Interval between Hello TimesDefining the Forward Delay Interval Configuring VLANs for Bridging Configuring a Port or Protocol based VlanConfiguring Vlan Trunk Ports Creating a Port or Protocol Based Vlan Configuring Layer-2 Filters Monitoring Bridging Creating a non-IP/non-IPX Vlan Configuration ExamplesCreating an IP or IPX Vlan Show information on MACsPage Chapter SmartTRUNK Configuration Guide Overview Add Physical Ports to the SmartTRUNK Configuring SmartTRUNKsCreating a SmartTRUNK Monitoring SmartTRUNKs Specify Traffic Distribution Policy Optional Example Configurations St.2 St.4 Router Switch Server SmartTRUNK Configuration Guide Page Dhcp Overview Configuration GuideChapter Configuring Client Parameters Configuring DhcpConfiguring an IP Address Pool Client Parameters Configuring a Static IP Address Grouping Scopes with a Common Interface Monitoring the Dhcp Server Configuring Dhcp Server ParametersUpdating the Lease Database Define an IP address pool for addresses 10.1.1.10 through Dhcp Configuration ExamplesDefine Dhcp network parameters for the scope ‘scope1’ Define a static IP address for Configuring Secondary Subnets Secondary Subnets and Directly-Connected Clients Include ‘scope2’ in the superscope ‘super1’ Interacting with Relay Agents Define the address pool for ‘scope1’ Page Chapter IP Routing Configuration Guide IP Routing Overview Unicast Routing Protocols IP Routing ProtocolsSSR supports standards-based TCP, UDP, and IP Multicast Routing Protocols Configuring IP Interfaces for a Vlan Configuring IP Interfaces and ParametersConfiguring IP Addresses to Ports Specifying Ethernet Encapsulation Method Configuring Proxy ARP Configuring Address Resolution Protocol ARPConfiguring ARP Cache Entries Defining MAC-to-IP Address Mappings Configuring Reverse Address Resolution Protocol RarpSpecifying IP Interfaces for Rarp Monitoring Rarp Configuring DNS ParametersConfiguring IP Services Icmp Specify ping Configuring Denial of Service DOS Configuring IP HelperConfiguring Direct Broadcast Configuring Router Discovery Monitoring IP Parameters Assigning IP/IPX Interfaces IP Routing Configuration Guide Configuring Vrrp Vrrp Overview Configuration of Router R1 Basic Vrrp ConfigurationBackup Following is the configuration file for Router R1 in Figure Following is the configuration file for Router R2 in Figure Symmetrical ConfigurationConfiguration for Router R2 Master for VRID=1 Master for VRID=2 Backup for VRID=2 Symmetrical Vrrp Configuration Multi-Backup Configuration Configuration of Router R2 Multi-Backup Vrrp Configuration SmartSwitch Router User Reference Manual 101 Virtual Router Default Priority Configured Priority Following is the configuration file for Router R3 in Figure Additional ConfigurationConfiguration of Router R3 Setting Pre-empt Mode Setting the Backup PrioritySetting the Advertisement Interval Ip-redundancy trace Setting an Authentication KeyMonitoring Vrrp Virtual routers Display information about all Vrrp Configuration NotesIp-redundancy show Specific virtual router SmartSwitch Router User Reference Manual 107 108 RIP Overview Chapter RIP Configuration GuideConfiguring RIP Enabling and Disabling RIP Configuring RIP InterfacesConfiguring RIP Parameters To RIP Set the authentication methodCharacters Set the authentication method Specify that RIP V2 packets Monitoring RIP Configuring RIP Route PreferenceConfiguring RIP Route Default-Metric Configuration Example 114 Ospf Ospf Overview Disable Ospf Configuring OspfEnable Ospf Ospf Multipath Ospf Interface Parameters Configuring Ospf Interface ParametersOspf Parameter Default Value Add an interface to an Ospf area Configuring an Ospf AreaCreate an Ospf area Add a stub host to an Ospf area Configuring Ospf Area ParametersCreating Virtual Links Add a network to an Ospf area for Link Configuring Ospf over Non-Broadcast Multiple AccessCreate a virtual Set virtual link Monitoring Ospf Ospf Configuration Examples Exporting All Interface & Static Routes to Ospf Exporting All RIP, Interface & Static Routes to Ospf Create a RIP export source Create a Ospf export destination for type-1 routesCreate a Ospf export destination for type-2 routes Create a Static export source Create OSPF-ASE export source Create a RIP export destinationCreate Ospf export source R10 Chapter BGP Configuration Guide BGP Overview Basic BGP Tasks SSR BGP Implementation Configuring a BGP Peer Group Setting the Autonomous System NumberSetting the Router ID Ip-router global set autonomous-system num1 loops num2 Where Autonomous-system number Starting BGP Using AS-Path Regular ExpressionsAdding and Removing a BGP Peer 132 To import MCI routes with a preference Using the AS Path Prepend FeatureAS-Path Regular Expression Examples BGP Configuration Examples Following is an example BGP Peering Session Example Physical Link Peering Relationship CLI configuration for router SSR1 is as followsAS-1 AS-2 Gated.conf file for router SSR1 is as follows Ibgp Configuration ExampleCLI configuration for router SSR2 is as follows Gated.conf file for router SSR2 is as follows Ibgp Routing Group Example Sample Ibgp Configuration Routing Group Type AS-64801 Following lines in the Cisco router configure Ospf Ibgp Internal Group Example Illustrates a sample Ibgp Internal group configuration Sample Ibgp Configuration Internal Group Type SmartSwitch Router User Reference Manual 143 Configuration for router C2 a Cisco router is as follows Ebgp Multihop Configuration ExampleConfiguration for router C1 a Cisco router is as follows AS-64800 Physical Link CLI configuration for router SSR3 is as follows Gated.conf file for router SSR3 is as follows CLI configuration for router SSR4 is as followsCommunity Attribute Example Gated.conf file for router SSR4 is as follows Sample BGP Configuration Specific Community Sample BGP Configuration Well-Known Community , router SSR11 has the following configuration , router SSR13 has the following configuration , router SSR10 has the following configuration , router SSR14 has the following configuration SmartSwitch Router User Reference Manual 153 LocalPref Attribute Example Sample BGP Configuration LocalPref Attribute Multi-Exit Discriminator Attribute Example Sample BGP Configuration MED Attribute Router SSR6 has the following CLI configuration AS-64900 Router SSR8 has the following CLI configurationEbgp Aggregation Example AS-64901 Router SSR9 has the following CLI configuration Route Reflection Example Shows a sample configuration that uses route reflection AS-64902 SmartSwitch Router User Reference Manual 161 162 Chapter Routing Policy Configuration Guide Route Import and Export Policy Overview Preference Default Preference ValuesPreference Defined by CLI Command Default Import Policies Import-Source Export-Destination Export PoliciesRoute-Filter Export-Source Specifying a Route Filter Aggregates and Generates Aggregate-Destination Aggregate-Source Authentication Authentication Methods Configuring Simple Routing Policies Authentication Keys and Key Management Redistributing Static Routes Redistributing Directly Attached Networks Redistributing Aggregate Routes Redistributing RIP into RIPRedistributing RIP into Ospf Redistributing Ospf to RIP Routes into Ospf Simple Route Redistribution ExamplesTo redistribute aggregate Example 1 Redistribution into RIP Example 2 Redistribution into Ospf Exporting a Given Static Route to All RIP InterfacesExporting All Static Routes to All RIP Interfaces 176 Configuring Advanced Routing Policies 178 Creating an Export Destination Creating an Export Source Creating an Aggregate Route Creating an Import SourceCreating a Route Filter Create a RIP import SmartSwitch Router User Reference Manual 181 Examples of Import Policies Creating an Aggregate DestinationCreating an Aggregate Source Example 1 Importing from RIP R41 184 Example 2 Importing from Ospf 186 R41 Importing a Selected Subset of OSPF-ASE Routes Examples of Export Policies Example 1 Exporting to RIP Ip-router policy create rip-export-source ripExpSrc Exporting a Given Static Route to a Specific RIP Interface Exporting Aggregate-Routes into RIP Ip-router policy create aggr-export-source aggrExpSrc Example 2 Exporting to Ospf SmartSwitch Router User Reference Manual 195 196 SmartSwitch Router User Reference Manual 197 198 Igmp Overview Chapter Multicast Routing Configuration GuideIP Multicast Overview Dvmrp Overview Configuring Igmp Query Interval Configuring IgmpConfiguring Igmp on an IP Interface Configuring Igmp Response Wait Time Starting and Stopping Dvmrp Configuring DvmrpConfiguring Per-Interface Control of Igmp Membership Configuring the Dvmrp Routing Metric Configuring Dvmrp on an InterfaceConfiguring Dvmrp Parameters Configuring Dvmrp TTL & Scope Configuring a Dvmrp Tunnel Monitoring Igmp & Dvmrp Show all multicast routes Show all interfaces runningMulticast protocols Igmp Page 208 Chapter IP Policy-Based Forwarding Configuration Guide Associating the Profile with an IP Policy Configuring IP PoliciesDefining an ACL Profile Creating Multi-statement IP Policies Setting Load Distribution for Next-hop Gateways Setting the IP Policy Action Applying an IP Policy to an Interface Checking the Availability of Next-hop Gateways An IP interface Apply a defined IP policy to IP Policy Configuration ExamplesRouting Traffic to Different ISPs All IP interfaces on the SSR Using an IP policy to route traffic to two different ISPs Prioritizing Service to Customers Using an IP policy to prioritize service to customers Authenticating Users through a Firewall Using an IP policy to authenticate users through a firewall Firewall Load Balancing Selecting Next Hop Gateway from IP Packet Information IP policies Monitoring IP PoliciesDisplay information about all Display statistics about a Ip-policy show interface interface SmartSwitch Router User Reference Manual 221 222 Chapter Network Address Translation Configuration Guide Configuring NAT Setting Inside and Outside Interfaces Static Setting NAT RulesManaging Dynamic Bindings Dynamic NAT and FTP Static ConfigurationSpecify the FTP session timeout Monitoring NAT Next, define the interfaces to be NAT inside or outside Using Static NATFirst step is to create the interfaces Then, define the NAT static rules Dynamic Configuration Using Dynamic NAT Dynamic NAT with IP Overload PAT Configuration Using Dynamic NAT with IP Overload Dynamic NAT with Outside Interface Redundancy Using Dynamic NAT with Matching Interface Redundancy 232 Chapter Web Hosting Configuration Guide Creating the Server Group Configuring Load BalancingLoad Balancing Specifying Load Balancing Policy Optional Setting Server Status Adding Servers to the Load Balancing Group Load Balancing and FTP Allowing Access to Load Balancing ServersSetting Timeouts for Load Balancing Mappings Configuration Examples Displaying Load Balancing Information Ftp.quick.com Internet Router User Queries 207.135.89.16 10.1.1.1 Ftp.quick..com 10.1.1.2 Virtual IP Address Ranges 207.135.89.16 207.135.89.17 207.135.89.18 Configuring Web Caching Web Caching Redirected to cache servers Creating the Cache GroupSpecifying the Clients for the Cache Group Optional Not redirected to cache servers Bypassing Cache Servers Configuration ExampleOther Configurations Proxy Server Redundancy Distributing Frequently-Accessed Sites Across Cache ServersMonitoring Web-Caching Show caching policy information Show cache server information RIP Routing Information Protocol Chapter IPX Routing Configuration GuideIPX Routing Overview SAP Service Advertising Protocol IPX Addresses Configuring IPX RIP & SAPCreating IPX Interfaces Configuring IPX Interfaces for a Vlan Configuring IPX Interfaces and ParametersConfiguring IPX Addresses to Ports Specifying IPX Encapsulation Method Enabling IPX RIP Configuring IPX RoutingConfiguring Static Routes Enabling SAP Creating an IPX Access Control List Configuring Static SAP Table EntriesControlling Access to IPX Networks Creating an IPX GNS Access Control List Creating an IPX Type 20 Access Control ListCreating an IPX SAP Access Control List Creating an IPX RIP Access Control List Monitoring an IPX Network Adds a SAP access list Adds a GNS access list 254 Chapter Access Control List Configuration Guide ACL Basics Defining Selection Criteria in ACL Rules How ACL Rules are Evaluated Implicit Deny Rule Allowing External Responses to Established TCP Connections Editing ACLs Offline Following ACL illustrates this featureCreating and Modifying ACLs Maintaining ACLs Using the ACL Editor These uses of ACLs are described in the following sections Using ACLsApplying ACLs to Interfaces Applying ACLs to Services Using ACLs as Profiles Using Profile ACLs with the IP Policy Facility Following SSR features use ACL profilesSSR Feature ACL Profile Usage Using Profile ACLs with the Traffic Rate Limiting Facility Using Profile ACLs with Dynamic NAT Using Profile ACLs with the Port Mirroring Facility Using Profile ACLs with the Web Caching Facility Redirecting Http Traffic to Cache Servers Enabling ACL Logging Preventing Web Objects From Being Cached Monitoring ACLs 270 Chapter Security Configuration Guide Security Overview Configuring SSR Access Security Configuring Radius Monitoring Tacacs Configuring TacacsMonitoring Radius Configuring Tacacs Plus Monitoring Tacacs Plus Configuring Passwords Layer-2 Security Filters Configuring Layer-2 Address Filters Configuring Layer-2 Port-to-Address Lock Filters Configure a source static Configuring Layer-2 Static Entry FiltersConfiguring Layer-2 Secure Port Filters Configure a destination static Monitoring Layer-2 Security Filters Static Entries Example Layer-2 Filter ExamplesEt.1.1 Et.1.2 Et.1.3 Hub Port-to-Address Lock Examples Example 2 Secure Ports Layer-3 Access Control Lists ACLs 282 Chapter QoS Configuration Guide QoS & Layer-2/Layer-3/Layer-4 Flow Overview Layer-2 and Layer-3 & Layer-4 Flow Specification Precedence for Layer-3 Flows SSR Queuing Policies Configuring Layer-2 QoSTraffic Prioritization for Layer-2 Flows Configuring IP QoS Policies Traffic Prioritization for Layer-3 & Layer-4 Flows Setting an IPX QoS Policy Configuring IPX QoS PoliciesSetting an IP QoS Policy Specifying Precedence for an IP QoS Policy ToS Rewrite Configuring SSR Queueing PolicyAllocating Bandwidth for a Weighted-Fair Queuing Policy Specifying Precedence for an IPX QoS Policy Configuring ToS Rewrite for IP Packets MBZ Tos-rewrite Show all IP QoS flows Monitoring QoSLimiting Traffic Rate Show all IPX QoS flows Apply a rate limit profile to an Example ConfigurationDefine a rate limit profile Interface Displaying Rate Limit Information Interface interface 294 Chapter Performance Monitoring Guide Performance Monitoring Overview MAC table Show information about a Show port error statisticsShow information about the master Particular MAC address Show info about multicasts Only IP ACLs can be specified for port mirroring Configuring the SSR for Port MirroringMonitoring Broadcast Traffic 298 Configuring and Enabling Rmon Rmon Overview Example of Rmon Configuration Commands Rmon Groups Lite Rmon Groups Standard Rmon Groups Professional Rmon Groups Control Tables Using Rmon Configuring Rmon Groups String status enabledisable EnabledisableNum status enabledisable Size owner string status enabledisable Rmon protocol-distribution index index-number Port port owner string status enabledisableOid type absolutedelta status enabledisable Rmon user-history-control index index-number Displaying Rmon Information Rmon CLI Filters Following shows Host table output without a CLI filter 01000CCCCCCC Creating Rmon CLI Filters Troubleshooting RmonUsing Rmon CLI Filters 312 Allocating Memory to Rmon Ssr# rmon show status Rmon Status Rmon set memory number WAN WAN Overview Static, Mapped, and Dynamic Peer IP/IPX Addresses Configuring WAN InterfacesPrimary and Secondary Addresses Static Addresses Mapped Addresses Following command line displays an example for a VlanFollowing command line displays two examples for PPP Dynamic Addresses Packet Compression Following command line displays an example for PPPForcing Bridged Encapsulation Nature of the Data Example ConfigurationsAverage Packet Size Link Integrity WAN Quality of Service Packet Encryption Congestion Management Weighted-Fair QueueingSource Filtering and ACLs Random Early Discard RED Adaptive Shaping Frame Relay OverviewVirtual Circuits Configuring Frame Relay Interfaces for the SSR Permanent Virtual Circuits PVCs Setting up a Frame Relay Service Profile Applying a Service Profile to an Active Frame Relay WAN Port Frame Relay Port Configuration Monitoring Frame Relay WAN Ports 326 Use of LCP Magic Numbers Configuring PPP InterfacesPoint-to-Point Protocol PPP Overview Setting up a PPP Service Profile Defining the Type and Location of a PPP Interface Compression on MLP Bundles or Links Applying a Service Profile to an Active PPP PortConfiguring Multilink PPP Bundles PPP Port Configuration Monitoring PPP WAN Ports Ssrconfig# ppp apply service profile2 ports hs.5.1 WAN Configuration Examples Simple Configuration File Multi-Router WAN Configuration Multi-router WAN configuration Router R2 Configuration File Router R1 Configuration FileFollowing configuration file applies to Router R1 Following configuration file applies to Router R2 Router R4 Configuration File Router R3 Configuration FileFollowing configuration file applies to Router R3 Following configuration file applies to Router R4 Router R6 Configuration File Router R5 Configuration FileFollowing configuration file applies to Router R5 Following configuration file applies to Router R6 SmartSwitch Router User Reference Manual 337 338