136 | HP SunSoft Pascal 4.0 manual

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136	Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide

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HP SunSoft Pascal 4.0 manual 136

Contents

Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide Trademarks Contents Pascal Compiler Contents Pic, -Kpicand -PIC, -KPIC Contents Vii Program Construction and Management Viii Separate Compilation C++-Pascal Interface Error Diagnostics XView Toolkit Xii Contents Xiii Math Libraries Xiv Figures Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide Tables Fortran Xviii Preface InstallationOperating Environment Audience Organization Conventions Used in This Guide AaBbCc123 Related Documentation Shell Prompts in Command ExamplesManual Readme Files Other Related DocumentationDocuments in Hard Copy and in AnswerBook Hostname% imagetool floating-point.ps CD-ROM Introduction Standards Pascal Compiler FeaturesCompatibility Text Editors DebuggersXView Toolkit Native Language Support Internationalization Licensing Locale Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide Pascal Programs Simple Pascal Program Compiling the Program Running the Program Renaming the Executable FileHostname% mv a.out temp Hostname% pc -o temp temp.p An Interactive Pascal Program Redirecting I/O Hostname% pc -o copy copy.pHello, are you listening? Goodbye, I must go now Using a File Name as a File Variable Using Pascal Traceback Where Did My Program Fail?Hostname% pc -o copy2 copy2.p Using a Sample Program with Segmentation Violation Compiling and Running the Program Using the -gOption Hostname% more a.out.trace Try compiling SegViol.p with -g Pascal Compiler Pc Version Number Compile and Link Sequence Hostname% mcs -p a.out grep Pascal Language Preprocessor SourceCompiler Preprocessor cpp or cppas Optimizer File Name Extensions Accepted By pc Sufﬁx Description Option-Passing on the Command-Line Option-Passing in the Program TextHostname% pc -l rmc.p Hostname% pc -o rmc rmc.p Option Description Options Hostname% pc options.p Bbinding Bsdmalloc Calign Cg89Cg92 Cond Config Dname=def Dryrun DalignFast Fns FnonstdFround=r Ftrap=t Hname Help or -flags IpathnameIname Keeptmp Ldirectory Hostname% pc -l random.p Libmieee LibmilLlib Misalign Native NocxNolib Nolibmil Notrace Olevel Hostname% limit datasize 16M Oﬁlename Hostname% /usr/sbin/swap -sHostname% /usr/sbin/prtconf grep Memory Hostname% pc -o myprog myprog.p Using the -pOption Using the -pgOption-pg Pic,-Kpic and -PIC,-KPIC Qpathpathname QoptionQproduce Rpathdir Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide Examples Hostname% pc -Rw rr.p Hostname% pc -Rw recvar.p Pascal main program, with.p with statement Commands to compile and execute with.pHostname% pc -Rw with.p Sbfast SlevelHostname% pc -S rmc.p Temp=dir Hostname% pc -temp=. hello.p Time Hostname% pc -time hello.p Uname Xarch=a Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide Value Meaning Limit the instruction set to V8 architecture Xcache=c S1/l1/a1 S1/l1/a1s2/l2/a2 S1/l1/a1s2/l2/a2s3/l3/a3 Xchip=c Example -xcache=16/32/41024/32/1speciﬁes the following Xcg89 Xcg92 Xildoff XildonXlibmieee Xlibmil Xlibmopt XlicinfoXMerge Xnolib Xpg Xprofile=p -xprofileValues Xregs=r Example -xregs=appl,no%float Xsb Xsafe=memXsbfast Xspace Xtarget=t XtargetExpansions Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide Pascal Compiler Ztext Program Construction Management Units Using Program Units and Module Units Hostname% pc programunit.p moduleunit.p Compiling with UnitsProgram Construction and Management Using Units and Header Files Sharing Variables Between Units Here is a program unit that declares a variable Program Construction and Management Libraries Separate Compilation Working with Units Using Module Units Using Program UnitsSharing Variables and Routines Across Multiple Units Compiling without the -xlOption Sharing Public VariablesProgram unit Separate Compilation Using extern Option to Share Routines Using include Files to Share Variables and Routines Commands to compile and execute incprog.p and incmod.p Program unit, incprog.p, which includes the ﬁleModule unit, incmod.p, which also includes the ﬁle Hostname% pc incprog.p incmod.p Using the -xlOption Using public var Declarations Commands to compile and execute pubvarprog.p and pubvarmod.p Using the define Variable Attribute Using the define Declaration Commands to compile and execute defvarprog.p and defvarmod.p Using include Files Module unit Program unit, incprog2.p Module unit, incmod2.p Commands to compile and execute incprog2.p and incmod2.p Using externProgram unit, extprog.p Sharing Declarations in Multiple Units Commands to compile and execute extprog.p and extmod.pModule unit, extmod.p Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide C-Pascal Interface Compilation of Mixed-Language Programs Compatibility of Types for C and Pascal Hostname% cc -c myc.c Hostname% pc -calign myc.o mypascal.p Character Strings Precautions with Compatible TypesC-Pascal Interface Incompatibilities Array IndexesAggregate Types Enumerated Types General Parameter Passing in C and Pascal Procedure Calls C-PascalPascal Set Types Commands to compile and execute Samp.p Variable Parameters Pascal procedure, SimVar.p Simple Types without -xl Commands to compile and execute SimVar.p and SimVarMain.c Pascal procedureSimple Types with -xl Strings of Characters Fixed Arrays Commands to compile and execute StrVar.p and StrVarMain.cC main program Pascal procedure, FixVec.p Commands to compile and execute FixVec.p and FixVecMain.c Day = Univ Arrays 100 Conformant Arrays C-Pascal Interface 101 Example 1 Single-Dimension Array 102 Example 2 Multi-Dimension Array C-Pascal Interface 103 Example 3 Array of Characters 104 Records and Structures C-Pascal Interface 105 Commands to compile and execute StruChr.p and StruChrMain.c 106 Pascal routine C-Pascal Interface 107 Variant Records 108 Commands to compile and execute VarRec.p and VarRecMain.c C-Pascal Interface 109 Pascal Set Type 110 Pascal intset Type C-Pascal Interface 111 Value Parameters 112 Commands to compile and execute SimVal.p and SimValMain.c C-Pascal Interface 113 Arrays 114 Function Return Values Simple TypesPascal function C-Pascal Interface 115 Commands to compile and execute RetReal.p and RetRealMain.c Pascal procedure, IO.p C main program, IOMain.cInput and Output 116 Procedure Calls Pascal-C Hostname% cc IO.o IOMain.c -lpcC function, SimRef.c C-Pascal Interface 117 118 Pascal main program, StrVarMain.p C function, StrVar.cC-Pascal Interface 119 Incorrect use of string in static variable storage Commands to compile and execute StrVar.c120 Commands to compile and execute FixVec.c C function, FixVec.cPascal main program C-Pascal Interface 121 C function, UniVec.c 122 C function, IntCA.c C-Pascal Interface 123 C function, StruChr.c Commands to compile and execute IntCA.c and IntCAMain.p124 Commands to compile and execute StruChr.c and StruChrMain.p StruChr.cCalign StruChr.o StruChrMain.p Out C function, VarRec.c 126 Commands to compile and execute VarRec.c Non-Pascal ProceduresC-Pascal Interface 127 128 C function, SimVal.c C-Pascal Interface 129 Commands to compile and execute SimVal.c 130 Parameters That Are Pointers to Procedures Commands to compile and execute RetReal.c and RetRealMain.pC function, RetReal.c C function, ProcPar.c Procedures and Functions as Parameters 132 Global Variables in C and Pascal Pascal procedure, GloVar.pC-Pascal Interface 133 File-Passing Between Pascal and C C procedure, UseFilePtr.c134 C-Pascal Interface 135 136 C++-Pascal Interface Sample Interface Procedure Calls C++-Pascal Pascal procedure, Samp, in the ﬁle, Samp.pCompatibility of Types for C++ and Pascal ++ Name Encoding Arguments Passed by Reference C++ main program, SampMain.ccHostname% pc -c Samp.p C++-Pascal Interface 139 Simple Types without the -xlOption Pascal procedure, SampRef, in the ﬁle, Samp.p140 Commands to compile and execute SamRef.p and SamRefMain.cc Simple Types with the -xlOptionC++ main program Hostname% pc -c SamRef.p 142 Hostname% pc -c StrRef.p Commands to compile and execute StrRef.p and StrRefMain.ccC++-Pascal Interface 143 Hostname% pc -c FixVec.p 144 C++-Pascal Interface 145 Hostname% pc -c DaysOfWeek.p -calignoption146 Hostname% pc -c StruChr.p Commands to compile and execute StruChr.pC++-Pascal Interface 147 148 C++-Pascal Interface 149 Arguments Passed by Value Hostname% pc -c DayWeather.pHostname% pc -calign -c DayWeather.p 150 C++-Pascal Interface 151 Commands to compile and execute SimVal.p 152 Hostname% pc -c RetReal.p Commands to compile and execute RetReal.pC++-Pascal Interface 153 Input and Output Hostname% pc -c RetShortReal.pPascal function, IO.p 154 Procedure Calls Pascal-C++ C++ main program, IOMain.ccHostname% CC IO.o IOMain.cc -lpc hostname% a.out C++-Pascal Interface 155 C++ function, SimRef.cc Simple Types Passed by Reference156 C++-Pascal Interface 157 C++ function, SimVal.cc 158 Commands to compile and execute SimVal.cc C++-Pascal Interface 159 C++ function, RetReal.cc 160 Pascal procedure, GloVar.p C++ main program, GloVarMain.cc Commands to compile and execute GloVar.p and GloVarMain.ccGlobal Variables in C++ and Pascal C++-Pascal Interface 161 Pascal File Pointers to C++ C++ procedure162 FORTRAN-Pascal Interface Compiler Mixed-Language Programs Compatibility of Types for Fortran and Pascal 164 Real Integer Integer*2 FORTRAN-Pascal Interface 165 166 General Parameter-Passing in Fortran and Pascal Multidimensional ArraysFORTRAN-Pascal Interface 167 Procedure Calls FORTRAN-Pascal 168 Fortran main program Commands to compile and execute SimVar.pFORTRAN-Pascal Interface 169 Fortran main program, StrVarmain.f Pascal procedure, StrVar.p170 Fortran main program, FixVecmain.f Commands to compile and execute StrVar.p and StrVarmain.fFORTRAN-Pascal Interface 171 Commands to compile and execute FixVec.p 172 Commands to compile and execute UniVec.p and UniVecmain.f FORTRAN-Pascal Interface 173 Commands to compile and execute IntCA.p 174 Fortran main program, ChrCAmain.f Commands to compile and execute ChrCA.pFORTRAN-Pascal Interface 175 176 FORTRAN-Pascal Interface 177 178 FORTRAN-Pascal Interface 179 180 FORTRAN-Pascal Interface 181 Commands to compile and execute SimVal.p and SimValmain.f 182 Pascal procedure, ChrCAx.p Commands to compile and execute ChrCAx.pPointers FORTRAN-Pascal Interface 183 Commands to compile and execute PastPtr.p 184 Fortran main program, RetRealmain.f Procedure Calls Pascal-FORTRANFORTRAN-Pascal Interface 185 Fortran subroutine 186 FORTRAN-Pascal Interface 187 Fortran subroutine, StrVar.f 188 Commands to compile and execute StrVar.f and StrVarmain.p Character Dummy ArgumentsHostname% f77 -c StrVar.f Hostname% pc StrVar.o StrVarmain.p -lpfc -lF77 Following example illustrates this method 190 Commands to compile and execute FixVec.f FORTRAN-Pascal Interface 191 Pascal main program, UniVecmain.p Fortran subroutine, UniVec.f192 Hostname% f77 -c UniVec.f Commands to compile and execute UniVec.f and UniVecmain.pFORTRAN-Pascal Interface 193 Fortran subroutine, StruChr.f 194 Commands to compile and execute StruChr.f and StruChrmain.p Hostname% f77 -c StruChr.fHostname% pc StruChr.o StruChrmain.p -lpfc -lF77 FORTRAN-Pascal Interface 195 196 FORTRAN-Pascal Interface 197 198 FORTRAN-Pascal Interface 199 200 Commands to compile and execute PassPtr.f and PassPtrmain.p Hostname% f77 -c PassPtr.fHostname% pc PassPtr.o PassPtrmain.p -lpfc -lF77 Fortran function, RetReal.f Routines as Parameters Commands to compile and execute RetReal.f and RetRealmain.p202 FORTRAN-Pascal Interface 203 204 Compiler Syntax Errors Error DiagnosticsIllegal Characters Digits in Real Numbers String Errors206 Error Diagnostics 207 Replacements, Insertions, and DeletionsHostname% pc synerr.p Undeﬁned or Improper Identiﬁers Expected Symbols and Malformed Constructs208 Error Diagnostics 209 Expected and Unexpected End-of-ﬁleHostname% pc synerr2.p Pascal program, mism.p Compiler Semantic Errors Format of the Error DiagnosticsIncompatible Types 210 Error Diagnostics 211 Procedure and Function Type ErrorsScalar Class Expression Diagnostics Scalar Error Messages212 This program generates the following error messages Error Diagnostics 213 Type Equivalence 214 Unreachable Statements Error Diagnostics 215Pascal program, unreached.p Goto Statement Uninitialized VariablesUnused Variables, Constants, Types, Labels, and Routines Hostname% pc unreached.p Runtime Errors Compiler Panics, I/O ErrorsError Diagnostics 217 218 Error Diagnostics 219 220 XView Toolkit Overview Tools ObjectsObject-Oriented Programming 222 Drawable Object Window Icon Pascal InterfaceXView Toolkit 223 Attribute Procedures Compiling with LibrariesHeader Files Names Attribute Lists XView Toolkit 225 Handles Data TypesHere, mymenu is an object of type XVobject 226 Conversion of C to Pascal Coding FragmentAn Example XView Toolkit 227 Pascal 228 Sample Translation of an XView Function to Pascal XView Toolkit 229 Sample Program 230 Menu Demo Program XView Toolkit 231 Panelbutton 232 Math Libraries Contents of the Math Libraries Libm Functions Math Libraries 235 Ieee Support Functions 236 Ieeevalues IeeefunctionsMath Libraries 237 Ieeeretrospective Sparc Libraries238 Arithmetic Exceptions Math Libraries 239 Math Library Exception-Handling Function matherr 240 Math Libraries 241 Libsunmath Support for Ieee Modes and Exceptions 242 Math Libraries 243 244 Pascal Preprocessor Conditional Variables Compiler Directives 246 %config Directive Pascal Preprocessor 247 Hostname% pc -xl config.p hostname% a.out 248 Output when you deﬁne two Output when you deﬁne foo%debug Directive Pascal Preprocessor 249 Hostname% pc -xl -cond debug.p hostname% a.out %else Directive250 Hostname% pc -xl -config red ifthenelse.p hostname% a.out %elseif DirectivePascal program, ifthenelse.p Pascal Preprocessor 251 Hostname% pc -xl -config blue elseif.p hostname% a.out %elseifdef DirectivePascal program 252 Pascal Preprocessor 253 Hostname% pc -xl -config bird2 ifdef.p hostname% a.out %enable Directive254 %error Directive Hostname% pc -xl enable.p hostname% a.out%endif Directive Pascal Preprocessor 255 %exit Directive Error.p256 Hostname% pc -xl exitdirective.p hostname% a.out %if DirectivePascal Preprocessor 257 %ifdef Directive 258 %include Directive Pascal Preprocessor 259 Module unit, includemod.p %list Directive260 Pascal program, list.p Pascal Preprocessor 261 List.p %nolist Directive262 %slibrary Directive %var Directive%warning Directive Pascal Preprocessor 263 Pc -xl warning.p Output when you compile warning.p without the -configoption264 Error Messages 266 Error Messages 267 Fourth argument to function must be of type type, not type 268 Error Messages 269 Function requires a to be an unpacked array, not type 270 Error Messages 271 272 Error Messages 273 274 Error Messages 275 Identiﬁer Unknown option for procedure pointer ignored option 276 Error Messages 277 278 Error Messages 279 280 Error Messages 281 Cannot mix sets with integers and reals as operands of type 282 Error Messages 283 284 Error Messages 285 286 Error Messages 287 288 Error Messages 289 Multiply defined label in case, lines number and number 290 Error Messages 291 292 Error Messages 293 OUT 294 Error Messages 295 296 Index 297 298 Index 299 300 Index 301 302 Index 303 304 Index 305 306 Index 307 Marques