Mid$, Mki$ Mks$ Mkd$, Oct$ | Intel 9800758-02 specs

BASIC-SO

Functions

MID$

The MID$(X$,1. [,J]) function examines string X$ and returns the rightmost characters starting at pointer 1. I and J are integers in the range 1-255. If argument J is specified, J characters are returned, starting at position 1. If I is greater than LEN(X$), the MID$ function returns the null string. If argument J is greater than the number of characters in X$ to the right of I or is not specified, MID$ returns the rest of the string.

MID$(string expression, expression [,expression])

10X$ = "JOHN J. JONES"

20PRINT MID$(X$,10,3)

30PRINT MID$(X$,9)

40END

RUN ONE JONES

Ok

The MID$ (X$, 1. [,J]) function may also appear on the left side of an assignment statement. Employed in this context, it will replace the characters of string X$ begin- ning at position I with the string given on the right. If J is specified, J characters of X$ are replaced. If I is greater then LEN(X$) , an illegal function call error is displayed. The length of X$ is never changed.

10A$ = "ABCDEF"

20B$ = "XXYYZZ"

30MID$(A$,2,4) = B$

40PRINT A$

50END

RUN AXXYYF

Ok

MKI$

MKS$

MKD$

The three functions MKI$, MKS$, and MKD$ convert data represented as numerical values into two-, four-, or eight-byte strings, respectively. MKI$ is used to convert an integer value; MKS$ is used to convert a single-precision floating-poinf value; and MKD$ is used to convert a double-precision floating-point value.

MKI$ (integer)

MKS$ (single-precision value)

MKD$ (double-precision value)

These functions are used to place numeric values into fields of random file buffers. See Chapter 5 for discussion of MKI$, MKD$, and MKS$

OCT$

The aCTS function returns a string of octal digits which represent the value of the integer argument. The expression is rounded to an integer before conversion.

OCT$ (expression)

10PRINT "TYPE DECIMAL INTEGER TO BE CONVERTED."

20INPUT A

30A$ = OCT$(A)

40PRINT A,"EQUALS,"A$," IN OCTAL."

7-9

Image 73

Intel 9800758-02 manual Mid$, Mki$ Mks$ Mkd$, Oct$

Contents

BASIC-SO Reference Manual A108/0979/7500 FL Preface Page Contents Illustrations Invoking BASIC-80 Chapter Introduction to BASIC-80 Introduction to BASIC-80 ExamplesBasic filename MEMTOPaddress Filename Renaming a File Listing the Directory of a DiskChanging File Attributes Deleting a File Save LP ,A You can now run, list, or edit the program Statements Commands BASIC-80 Statements BASIC-80 Commands Contd BASIC-80 Functions BASIC-80 Statements Contd BASIC-80 Functions Contd Functions Representing Data Integer Constants ConstantsDecimal Integer Constants Hexadecimal Integer Constants Single-Precision Floating-Point Constants Octal Integer ConstantsDouble-Precision Floating-Point Constants String Variables String ConstantsThis is a string constant $ = Enter next data string YI,1 L4! = Csng l4 String Arrays BASIC-SO Operators in Order of Precedence Contd Arithmetic Operators String Operator Logical OperatorsNumeric Expressions String Expressions Entering and Editing Programs 30 A=8 30 A=8*5230 A=8*52 30 A=8*37 30 A--=8xx*522537 Control-R a = 8*37 Command 3D press 3, then D results SubcommandInteger D If AB then If AB then 120 Else Null SET At this point, the other editing subcommands may be used Syntax of the X subcommand is Integer C character character Print Undefined SET The E subcommand is enteredMove the cursor to PRINT. Enter 2C RE L Print Undefined SET. Enter a L Syntax Error Messages BASIC-80 Error MessagesOverflow, Underflow, and Divide-by-Zero Error Trapping Trace Facility Error Handling Error SimulationRestarting Program Execution If line 40 is replaced with Open 1,#1,F1DATES Opening a Sequential File Writing to a Sequential File Refer to for further details of Print UsingReading from a Sequential File If executed four times, it would read all eight values Value of R$ would be Closing a Sequential File Defining a Random 1/0 Field-FIELD BuffersField #3, 20 AS N$ Field #3, 20 AS N$, 9 AS SS$ Disk File Input/Output Reading from a Random 1/0 File Opening and Closing a Random Disk FileAny of the parameters can be variables To read the next record Integer Writing to a Random 1/0 FileSingle-precision value Double-precision value MKI$ Attrib Fdrive numberfilename, WO Attrib Fdrive numberfilename, W1Auto first lineJ, increment Clear expression,address Close Commands and Statements Rules for function name are the same as for variable name DEF FNX Defsng Defdbl Defstr Defint Delete DIM DIR ErrorEdit END Exit Error expressionField FOR-NEXT-STEP Gosub GETFor variable=expression to expression Step expression GET I file number ,record number Input IF-THEN-ELSEGoto LET KillLine Input List Load LSET, Rset NEW Merge 9 16 Next On ... Goto On ... GosubOpen OUT Option BasePoke Print Print UsingString Fields If X$=SEVEN and Y$=EIGHT, the results of line 40 would be Numeric fields PUT Prun Read Randomize REM Return Resume RUN line numberlstring expression ,F SaveLine number RUN filename 60 END ? 5,8,2 TRON, Troff Width Wait ATN ABS Cint CHR$Functions CVI CVS Csng10 A# = 1.00/3.00 AO/o = EOF Dskf Ok· FIX INP HexsInputs Instr INTLEFT$ LOC LENLOF LOG MKI$ MKS$ MKD$ MID$OCT$ Peek expression RightsPOS integer RIGHT$ string,integer SIN SGNSpaces 10 a =1 SPC integer SPCIf A$ = 2 then Print Correct Else Goto SQRexpression TAB expression STR$ expressionTAN expression 60 AO/o = Here is an example of how the USRn statement is used Table A-I. BASIC-80 Error Codes Appendix a BASIC-SO Error Codes Table A-I. BASIC-SO Error Codes Contd Appendix B BASIC-SO Reserved Words Page Level To halt program execution and return to commandTo tab across the line To resume program execution after it is stopped byPage Appendix D Ascii Codes Table D-l. Ascii Code List BEL Table D-2. Ascii Code Definition Appendixe Calling Subroutines Figure B-1. Internal Representation of Numbers and Strings RESULT=USR%1VARPTRA, VARPTRB, VARPTRC» PRINTA+B+C= Result Some Real Examples Figure E-2 /8085 Assembly Language Program Figure E-3. PL/M-80 Program Appendix F RMX/SO BASIC-SO ISIS-II BASIC-SO Initializing the Predefined RMX/SO BASIC-SO Configuration OOOOH-OFFFH Table F-l. Sample Configuration Jumper Wiring BASIC-80 Source Files Generating Boot-Loaded and PROM-Based VersionsBASIC-80 Object Files BASIC-80 Executable Files Generating a Boot-Loaded RMX/80 BASIC-80 This option is used to allocate memory. It is 1 if the boot That are not boot loadedSetting baud rates, refer to the RMX/SO Users Guide This option enables your user-written I/O drivers if you ISBC 80/20-4 Generating a PROM-Based RMX/80 BASIC-80 Prom F1 RMX820.L1BSTART, & FOBASCM.OBJ,& FORMXBAS.LlB F1 DFSDIR. L1BDIRECTORY ,RENAM E,& F1 MTI810.L1B Adding BASIC-SO to an Existing RMX/SO Configuration Configuring DFS on an iSBC 80/10Configuration Requirements ISBC SO/10 System Clock Public Variables Open 0,#1, L1LlST Adding User-Written I/O Drivers to RMX/SO BASIC-SO Figure F-S. Sample User-Written 1/0 Driver Routine Burning a BASIC-80 Program Into Prom Altering BASIC-80 Workspace Baprom F1HEATER.BAS Page Index Ase BASIC-80 RIGHT$,7-1O Request for Readerscomments 111111