Lantronix DSTni-EX manual USB Hardware/Software Interface, Microprocessor Interface

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Microprocessor Interface

The USB microprocessor interface is made up of a slave interface and a master interface.

The slave interface consists of a number of USB control and configuration registers. USB internal registers can be accessed using a simple microprocessor interface.

The master interface is the integrated DMA controller that transfers packet data to and from memory. The DMA controller facilitates USB endpoint data transfer efficiently, while limiting microprocessor involvement.

Digital Phase Lock Loop Logic

The USB Digital Phase Lock Loop (DPLL) maintains a 12 MHz clock source that is locked to the USB data steam. The DPLL requires a 48 MHz clock to 4x oversample the USB data stream and detect transitions. These transitions are used to synthesize a nominally 12 MHz USB clock.

The DPLL also detects single-ended zeros, end-of-packet strobes, and NRZI decoding of the serial data stream for the Rx Logic. All DPLL outputs are synchronized to the 12 MHz clock to connect seamlessly to the USB core.

USB Hardware/Software Interface

The USB block combines hardware and software to efficiently implement USB target applications. While the USB SIE handles the low-level USB Protocol Layer, the CPU handles the higher level USB Device Framework, buffer management, and peripheral dependent functions.

The hardware/software interface of the USB provides both a slave interface and a master interface.

The slave interface consists of the Control Registers Block (CRB), which configure the USB and provide status and interrupts to the microprocessor.

The master interface is the USB integrated DMA controller, which interrogates the Buffer Descriptor Table (BDT), and transfers USB data to or from system memory. The Buffer Descriptor Table (BDT) allows the microprocessor and USB to efficiently manage multiple endpoints with very little CPU overhead.

Buffer Descriptor Table

The USB uses a Buffer Descriptor Table (BDT) in system memory to manage USB endpoint communications efficiently. The BDT resides on a 256-byte boundary in system memory and is pointed to by the BDT Page register.

Every endpoint direction requires two 4-byte Buffer Descriptor entries. Therefore, a system with 16 fully bidirectional endpoints requires 256 bytes of system memory to implement the BDT. The two Buffer Descriptor (BD) entries allow for an EVEN BD and ODD BD entry for each endpoint direction. This allows the microprocessor to process one BD while the USB processes the other BD. Double buffering BDs in this way lets the USB easily transfer data at the maximum throughput provided by USB.

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Contents DSTni-EX User Guide Section FivePage Copyright & Trademark LantronixTechnical Support Master DistributorWarranty Contents 1 About This User Guide2 SPI Controller 3 I2C ControllerList of Tables 5 CAN ControllersTable 3-17. Clock Control Register List of Figures 1 About This User Guide Intended Audience ConventionsNavigating Online Notes Notes are information requiring attentionOrganization 2 SPI Controller Theory of OperationSPI Background DSTni SPI ControllerSPI Controller Register Summary Table 2-1. SPI Controller Register SummarySPI Controller Register Definitions SPIDATA RegisterRESET Table 2-2. SPIDATA RegisterCTL Register Interrupt Request EnablePhase Select Wire-OSPISTAT Register Table 2-6. SPISTAT RegisterTable 2-7. SPISTAT Register Definitions Interrupt RequestSPISSEL Register Table 2-10. BCNT Bit SettingsSelectO Signal Table 2-8. SPISSEL RegisterDVDCNTRLO Register DVDCNTRHITable 2-11. DVDCNTRLO Register Table 2-12. DVDCNTRLO Register DefinitionsFeatures 3 I2C ControllerI2C Background Block DiagramFigure 3-1. DSTni I2C Controller Block Diagram Operating Modes I2C ControllerMaster Transmit Mode Table 3-1. Master Transmit Status Codes CodeI2C State Microprocessor ResponseServicing the Interrupt Table 3-2. Codes After Servicing Interrupts Master TransmitTransmitting Each Data Byte Table 3-3. Status Codes After Each Data Byte TransmitsAll Bytes Transmit Completely Master Receive ModeTable 3-4. Master Receive Status Codes Table 3-5. Codes After Servicing Interrupt Master Receive Table 3-6. Codes After Receiving Each Data Byte Receiving Each Data ByteSlave Transmit Mode Slave Receive Mode Bus Clock Considerations Bus Clock SpeedClock Synchronization Bus ArbitrationProgrammer’s Reference I2C Controller Register SummaryResetting the I2C Controller Table 3-7. I 2C Controller Register SummaryI2C Controller Register Definitions Slave Address RegisterGeneral Call Address Enable Table 3-8. Slave Address RegisterData Register Table 3-10. Data RegisterControl Register Table 3-12. Control RegisterTable 3-13. Control Register Definitions Extended Slave AddressStatus Register Table 3-14. Status RegisterTable 3-16. Status Codes Table 3-15. Status Register DefinitionsStatus Code Table 3-17. Clock Control Register Clock Control RegisterTable 3-18. Clock Control Register Definitions Software Reset Register Extended Slave Address RegisterTable 3-21. Software Reset Register Table 3-22. Software Reset Register Definitions4 USB Controller USB Background USB InterruptUSB Core Serial Interface EngineUSB Hardware/Software Interface Digital Phase Lock Loop LogicMicroprocessor Interface Buffer Descriptor TableFigure 4-1. Buffer Descriptor Table Rx vs. Tx as a Target Device or HostTable 4-1. USB Data Direction Addressing BDT EntriesTable 4-2. 16-Bit USB Address Table 4-3. 16-Bit USB Address DefinitionsTable 4-4. BDT Data Used by USB Controller and Microprocessor USB Controller Determines…Microprocessor Determines… Table 4-5. USB Buffer Descriptor FormatTable 4-6. USB Buffer Descriptor Format Definitions BD OwnerDATA0/1 Transmit or Receive USB OwnershipUSB Transaction Figure 4-2. USB Token TransactionTable 4-7. USB Register Summary USB Register SummaryDedicated to host mode USB Register Definitions Interrupt Status RegisterTable 4-8. Interrupt Status Register Table 4-9. 16- Interrupt Status Register DefinitionsEnable/Disable USBRST Interrupt Sleep TimerError Condition USB ResetTable 4-10. Error Interrupt Status Register Error RegisterTable 4-11. 16- Error Interrupt Status Register Definitions Error interrupt with two functions Data Field Received Not 8 BitsCRC16 Failure PID check field failedLive USB Differential Receiver JSTATE Signal Live USB Single Ended Zero SignalTable 4-12. Status Register Table 4-13. Status Register DefinitionsUSB Reset Signal Host Mode Enable valid for host mode onlyResume Signaling BDT PDD ResetTable 4-14. Address Register Address RegisterTable 4-15. 16- Address Register Definitions Frame Number Registers Table 4-16. Frame Number RegisterTable 4-17. Frame Number Register Definitions Frame NumberToken Register Endpoint for Token Command Table 4-18. Token RegisterTable 4-19. Token Register Definitions Table 4-20. Valid PID TokensEndpoint Control Registers Endpoint EnableTable 4-21. Endpoint Control Registers Table 4-22. Endpoint Control Register DefinitionsHost Mode Operation Table 4-23. Endpoint Control Register DefinitionsSample Host Mode Operations Figure 3. Enable Host Mode and Configure a Target DeviceFigure 4. Full-Speed Bulk Data Transfers to a Target Device USB Pull-up/Pull-down Resistors Figure 4-5. Pull-up/Pull-down USBUSB Interface Signals USB Output EnableHOST Mode Enable Clock CLK5 CAN Controllers CANBUS Background Arbitration and Error CheckingData Exchanges and Communication CANBUS Speed and Length Table 5-1. Bit Rates for Different Cable LengthsCAN Register Summaries Register SummaryHex Offset RegisterHex Offset Detailed CAN Register Map Table 5-4. Detailed CAN Register MapAcceptance Filter Enable Register Hex OffsetRegister CAN Register Definitions TX Message RegistersFigure 5-1. TX Message Routing Sending a MessageTx Message Registers Table 5-5. TxMessage0ID28Table 5-6. TxMessage0ID12 Table 5-7. TxMessage0DataTable 5-12. TxMessage0Ctrl Flags Table 5-13. TxMessage0 Register DefinitionsMessage Identifier for Both Standard and Extended Messages Message DataRX Message Registers Figure 5-2. RX Message RoutingRx Message Registers Table 5-14. RxMessageID28Table 5-15. Rx Message ID28 Register Definitions Table 5-16. RxMessageID12Table 5-20. Rx Message Data Table 5-21. Rx Message Data 39 Register DefinitionsTable 5-22. Rx Message Data Table 5-23. Rx Message Data 23 Register DefinitionsTable 5-26. RxMessage RTR Table 5-27. Rx Message RTR Register DefinitionsTable 5-28. Rx Message Msg Flags Table 5-29. Rx Message Msg Flags Register DefinitionsError Count and Status Registers Table 5-30. Tx/Rx Error CountTable 5-31. Tx\Rx Error Count Register Definitions Table 5-32. Error StatusTable 5-34. Tx/Rx Message Level Register Table 5-35. Tx/Rx Message Level Register Definitionsrxlevel10 txlevel10Interrupt Flags Note The reset value of this register’s bits is indeterminateCRC Error Format ErrorInterrupt Enable Registers Table 5-38. Interrupt Enable RegistersTable 5-39. Interrupt Enable Register Definitions Bus Off State − int2n group error interruptsCAN Operating Mode Table 5-40. Interrupt Enable RegistersTable 5-41. Interrupt Enable Register Definitions Overload Condition − int3n group diagnostic interruptsCAN Configuration Registers Configuration Bit RateFigure 5-3. CAN Operating Mode Table 5-42. Bit Rate Divisor RegisterTable 5-44. Configuration Register Table 5-45. Configuration Register DefinitionsOverwrite Last Message CfgsjwBit Time tseg1 +tseg2 + time quanta TQAcceptance Filter and Acceptance Code Mask Table 5-46. Acceptance Filter Enable RegisterTable 5-47. Acceptance Filter Enable Register Definitions Table 5-48. Acceptance Mask 0 RegisterTable 5-50. Acceptance Mask Register ID Table 5-51. Acceptance Mask Register ID12 DefinitionsTable 5-52. Acceptance Mask Register Data D5556Table 5-54. Acceptance Code Register Table 5-55. Acceptance Code Register DefinitionsTable 5-56. Acceptance Mask Register ID12 Table 5-57. Acceptance Mask Register ID12 DefinitionsCANbus Analysis Arbitration Lost Capture RegisterTable 5-60. Arbitration Lost Capture Register Table 5-61. Arbitration Lost Capture Register DefinitionsError Capture Register Table 5-62. Error Capture RegisterTable 5-63. Error Capture Register Definitions ErrorcodeTable 5-65. Error Capture Register Definitions Frame Reference RegisterTable 5-64. Frame Reference Register Stuff Bit InsertedCAN Bus Interface Interface ConnectionsFigure 5-6. CAN Connector Figure 5-5. CAN Bus InterfaceFigure 5-7. Power for CAN +5CANGNDCAN +24VFigure 5-8. CAN Transceiver and Isolation Circuits 0.01uf
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