Cerwin-Vega CVM-1022 manual Glossary, Insert

GLOSSARY (continued)

insert	a break point in the signal path to allow the connection of external devices, for instance signal
	processors or other mixers at line level signals. Nominal levels can be anywhere between -10dBu
	to +6dBu, usually coming from a low impedance source.
pan (pot)	abbreviation of ‘panorama’: controls levels sent to left and right outputs.
peaking	the point at which a signal rises to its maximum instantaneous level, before falling back down
	again. It can also describe an equalizer response curve affecting only a band of frequencies, (like
	on a graphic equalizer), “peaking” at the centre of that band.
peak LED	a visual indication of the signal peaking just before the onset of clipping.
PFL	a function that allows the operator to monitor the pre-fade signal (pre-fade listen) in a channel
	independently of the main mix.
phase	a term used to describe the relationship of two audio signals. In-phase signals reinforce each
	other, out-of-phase signals result in cancellation.
polarity	a term used to describe the orientation of the positive and negative poles of an audio
	connection. Normally connections are made with positive to positive, negative to negative. If
	this is reversed, the result will be out-of-phase signals (see ‘phase’ above).
post-fade	the point in the signal path after the monitor or master fader and therefore affected by fader
	position.
pre-fade	the point in the signal path before the monitor or master fader position and therefore
	unaffected by the fader position.
rolloff	a fall in gain at the extremes of the frequency response.
shelving	an equalizer response affecting all frequencies above or below the break frequency i.e. a
	highpass or lowpass derived response.
spill	acoustic interference from other sources.
transient	a momentary rise in the signal level.
unbalanced	a method of audio connection which uses a single wire and the cable screen as the
	signal return. This method does not provide the noise immunity of a balanced input (see above).
+48V	the phantom power supply, available at the channel mic inputs, for condenser
	microphones and active DI boxes.

23