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3Com 2500 manual Conventions, Information notes call attention to important features or

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Conventions

2ABOUT THIS GUIDE

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IPX routing and its protocols	Chapter 6
AppleTalk routing, network elements, and protocols	Chapter 7
How to administer VLANs	Chapter 8
How to administer IP routing	Chapter 9
How to administer IP mulitcast routing	Chapter 10
How to administer IPX routing	Chapter 11
How to administer AppleTalk routing	Chapter 12
Remote Monitoring (RMON)	Chapter 13
3Com Technical Support	Appendix A

Conventions	Table 1 and Table 2 list conventions that are used throughout this guide.
	Table 1	Notice Icons

	Icon	Type	Description

		Information Note	Information notes call attention to important features or
			instructions.
		Caution	Cautions alert you to personal safety risk, system damage,
			or loss of data.
		Warning	Warnings alert you to the risk of severe personal injury.

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3Com 2500 manual Conventions, Information notes call attention to important features or

Contents

SWITCHING USER GUIDE LANPLEX 2500 EXTENDEDPublished November Revision 3Com Corporation 5400 Bayfront Plaza Santa Clara, California CONTENTS PART I GETTING STARTEDPART II VIRTUAL LAN TECHNOLOGY 1 LANPLEX EXTENDED SWITCHING FEATURESPART III ABOUT ROUTING PROTOCOLS 3 BRIDGING AND ROUTING IN THE LANPLEX SYSTEM4 ROUTING WITH IP TECHNOLOGY Service Advertising Protocol SAP Internetwork Service Information5 ROUTING WITH IP MULTICAST 6 ROUTING WITH IPXPART IV ADMINISTERING EXTENDED SWITCHING FEATURES 8 ADMINISTERING VLANS9 ADMINISTERING IP ROUTING 7 ROUTING IN AN APPLETALK ENVIRONMENT10 ADMINISTERING IP MULTICAST ROUTING 11 ADMINISTERING IPX ROUTING 12 ADMINISTERING APPLETALK ROUTINGPART V REMOTE MONITORING RMON AND THE LANPLEX SYSTEM PART VI APPENDIX13 REMOTE MONITORING RMON TECHNOLOGY A TECHNICAL SUPPORTINDEX Support from 3Com A-4 Returning Products for Repair A-4ABOUT THIS GUIDE IntroductionLANplex system the information in this guide, follow the release notesConventions Information notes call attention to important features orCautions alert you to personal safety risk, system damage Warnings alert you to the risk of severe personal injuryLANplex 2500 Documentation LANplex 2500 Unpacking Instructionssystem software Update commandsLANplex 2500 Administration Console User Guide LANplex 2500 Extended Switching User Guide This bookLANplex 2500 Software Release Notes LANplex 2500 Getting StartedModule Installation Guides Example LANplex 2500 Operation GuidePlease include the following information when commenting 6 ABOUT THIS GUIDE FEATURES SwitchingAbout LANplex ExtendedUsing Menus Switching softwareUsing Menus Figure 1-1 Bridge Menu HierarchyFigure 1-2 IP Menu Hierarchy Figure 1-3 IPX Menu Hierarchy Figure 1-4 Appletalk Menu Hierarchy VLANS ON THE LANPLEX SYSTEMAbout VLANs MAC Address Group VLANS Application-Oriented VLANSProtocol-Sensitive VLANS 2-2 CHAPTER 2 VLANS ON THE LANPLEX SYSTEMVLAN Conﬁguration Protocol Suite About VLANsSwitch Ports Layer 3 Addressing Information2-4 CHAPTER 2 VLANS ON THE LANPLEX SYSTEM The ﬂood domain for protocols not supported by any VLAN in the system XNS data received matches no protocol PortsIs flooded on IPX data received matches IPX VLAN on theFor example, two IP VLANs can be conﬁgured for ports 1-10 as follows For example, to create an IP interface that can route through a VLAN For example IP VLAN subnet 157.103.54.0 with subnet mask of VLAN Examples Example Figure 2-1 Example of a Protocol-Sensitive VLAN ConﬁgurationLANplex 2500 Power Run Example2-12 CHAPTER 2 VLANS ON THE LANPLEX SYSTEM BRIDGING AND ROUTING IN THE LANPLEX SYSTEMFigure 3-1 Traditional Architecture of a Routed Network What Is Routing? Figure 3-3 Multiple Ports per Subnets with the LANplex 2500 SystemBridging and Routing ModelsFigure 3-4 Bridging in the Traditional Bridging and Routing Model 1 The packet enters the LANplex system Figure 3-7 Routing in the LANplex Bridging and Routing Model 3-8 CHAPTER 3 BRIDGING AND ROUTING IN THE LANPLEX SYSTEM ROUTING WITH IP TECHNOLOGY IP Routing andthe OSI Model Elements of IP RoutingAddress Classes 158.101 is the network part 230 is the subnet part The routing table consists of the following elements Dynamic Routes Using RIP Static RoutesDefault Route Figure 4-7 Example of an ARP Request Packet Errors IP RoutingTransmission User Guide for information about how to conﬁgure ATM ports Routing withClassical IP over References RFC 791. Internet Protocol SpeciﬁcationRFC 792. Internet Control Message Protocol Speciﬁcation RFC 1009. Requirements for Internet Gateways4-12 CHAPTER 4 ROUTING WITH IP TECHNOLOGY ROUTING WITH IP MULTICAST About IPMulticast Routing IGMPDVMRP MBONEYou can gain access to the MBONE through any Internet service multicast tunnels or routing interfaces when connected to the MBONEAlgorithms routing Figure 5-1 shows a simple network with ﬁve links Multicast Interfaces5-6 CHAPTER 5 ROUTING WITH IP MULTICAST ROUTING WITH IPX IPX Routing inthe NetWare EnvironmentService Advertisement Protocol SAP Internet Packet Exchange IPX Routing Information Protocol RIPbe provided by protocols above IPX Protocol RIP IPX Routing in the NetWare EnvironmentFigure 6-2 shows the IPX packet format The packet format consists of the following elements Sending Node’s Responsibility Router’s Responsibility The Elements of IPX Routing6-8 CHAPTER 6 ROUTING WITH IPX Aging Timer - The time since the network’s last update Selecting the Best Route SAP Packet Structure A SAP packet consists of the following ﬁelds Server Information Table Server Information Maintenance elapsed since information was received concerning a particular table entry. Since this information is either new or changed, the SAP agent that receives this information immediately passes it on, and the change is quickly learned throughout the internetwork 6-16 CHAPTER 6 ROUTING WITH IPX ROUTING IN AN APPLETALK 7 ENVIRONMENT About AppleTalkAppleTalk NetworkNamed Entities 7-2 CHAPTER 7 ROUTING IN AN APPLETALK ENVIRONMENTFigure 7-1 AppleTalk Networks and AppleTalk Zones Protocols designate a seed router through the Administration ConsoleAppleTalk Figure 7-2 AppleTalk Protocols and the OSI Reference Model Transport Layer Protocols The network range The distance in hops to the destination network 7-8 CHAPTER 7 ROUTING IN AN APPLETALK ENVIRONMENT InterfaceAppleTalk Session Layer Protocol ASP Printer Access Protocol PAP The Session Layer ProtocolsAn AppleTalk internet has four session-layer protocols Zone Information Protocol ZIP AppleTalk Data Stream Protocol ADSPAbout AARP description language used by many printersmapping for both extended and nonextended networks another probe packetAbout AARP 7-117-12 CHAPTER 7 ROUTING IN AN APPLETALK ENVIRONMENT ADMINISTERING VLANS Displaying VLAN InformationExample of a detailed display for the VLANs Table 8-1 describes these statisticsA system-assigned index used for identifying a particular VLAN A 16-byte character string intended to identify the members of theDeﬁning VLAN Information Modifying VLAN Information The maximum number of VLANs you can deﬁne on a single bridge isInformation Removing VLAN Informationbridge vlan remove 8-6 CHAPTER 8 ADMINISTERING VLANS ADMINISTERING IP ROUTING Administeringinterfaces Type - The IP interface is one of these types this option, the system displays a list of available VLAN indexes and the bridge ports associated with them 9-4 CHAPTER 9 ADMINISTERING IP ROUTING ip interface define2 Enter the IP address of the interface 9-6 CHAPTER 9 ADMINISTERING IP ROUTING Enter IP addressEnter subnet mask 255.255.0.0 255.255.255.0 Enter cost Enter interface type vlan, lis vlanip interface modify ip interface remove1 PVC associated with the interface index 2. Do you wish to continue yes/no yesip interface addAdvertisement Select interface index 1 Enter advertisement address 158.101.255.1ip interface removeAdvertisement Routes AdministeringAdministering Routes ip interface addPvcRoute was learned using indicated protocol 9-10 CHAPTER 9 ADMINISTERING IP ROUTINGRoute goes to a directly connected network Route was learned but is partially timed outip route display ip route staticMetric LearnedRIPEnter destination IP address Enter subnet mask 255.255.0.0 Enter gateway IP addressip route remove ip route flushthe ARP Cache Administeringip route default ip route noDefaultYou can display the contents of the ARP cache for your system To display the contents of the ARP cache, enter the following commandip arp displayATM ARP Servers Administeringand must belong to the same IP subnet ip atmArpServer define Select ATM port Enter IP address Enter subnet maskip atmArpServer remove Select ATM ARP server indexes 1-2,allAdministering ATM ARP Servers 9-17ip atmArpServer arp displayUDP Helper AdministeringARP Cache You can remove a port number or IP forwarding address deﬁned for UDP ip udpHelper displayip udpHelper define ip udpHelper removeEnabling and Disabling IP Routing ip udpHelper hopCountLimitip udpHelper threshold ip routingSetting the RIP Enabling and Disabling ICMP Router DiscoveryMode Pinging an IP Station ip ripip ping Displaying IP Statistics ip statistics9-24 CHAPTER 9 ADMINISTERING IP ROUTING ADMINISTERING IP MULTICAST ROUTINGEnabling and Disabling DVMRP Enabling andDisabling IGMP Administering IP The IP multicast interface selections allow you to enable and disableMulticast InterfacesFrom the top level of the Administration Console, enter Rate LimitDisplaying To display a multicast interface Multicast Interfacesip multicast interface disable ip multicast interface enableEnter an IP interface index 1 Enter Interface DVMRP metric 1 Enter Interface TTL threshold Enter interface rate limit in KBits/secMulticast Tunnels multicast internetworks through one or more unicast routersAdministering LANplex router and then the characteristics of the tunnel. TunnelAdministering Multicast Tunnels 10-7ip multicast tunnel define ip multicast tunnel removeDisplaying Routes 1 From top level of the Administration Console, enterTo display all available routes in the IP multicast routing table The DVMRP status and IGMP status appear on the screenDisplaying the Multicast Cache ip multicast cacheDisplay10-10 CHAPTER 10 ADMINISTERING IP MULTICAST ROUTING ExampleThe following display shows the multicast cache conﬁguration Table 10-2 describes the ﬁelds in the cache display bracket indicate a multicast subnetwork. Entries without anangle bracket, beneath the subnetwork entries, are multicast Interface number on which that gateway is connected. Traffic is10-12 CHAPTER 10 ADMINISTERING IP MULTICAST ROUTING ADMINISTERING IPX ROUTING Administering associated with it. Each switching module has one IPX interfaceIPX network address - The network administrator sets this 4-byte InterfacesWhen you deﬁne an interface, you deﬁne the interface’s IPX address As shown in the following example, the current conﬁguration issystem as well as IPX interface information cost, format, and the associated IPX VLAN index11-4 CHAPTER 11 ADMINISTERING IPX ROUTING ipx interface modifyipx interface remove Administering RoutesHops - The number of routers that must be crossed to reach the Tics - An estimate of how long it will take the packet to reach thisTo display the contents of the routing table, from the Administration Enter IPX address 0x45469f30 Enter Cost Enter Interface number Enter node address 08-00-3e-22-15-78ipx route remove ipx route flushServers Administeringserver table using the Administration Console Server Table servers are learned and if they are operational 1 From the Administration Console top-level menu, enter ipx server removeipx server flush Setting IPX ForwardingSetting the RIP another when required. When you disable IPX forwarding, the systemSetting the Enhanced RIP11-12 CHAPTER 11 ADMINISTERING IPX ROUTING ModeSetting the SAP 2 Enter the SAP mode off, passive, or active. To use the value inMode ipx sapDisplaying StatisticsTo display IPX summary statistics, from the Administration Console IPX RIP statisticsExample below Table 11-2 describers the IPX RIP statisticsipx statistics rip ipx statistics sap Number of IPX SAP Responses that have been processedNumber of IPX SAP Requests that have been processed SAP GNS RequestsIPX forwarding is enabled, RIP is active, SAP is active NetBIOS Max HopsDisplaying Statistics 11-17Number of IPX NetBIOS packets that exceeded the Number of IPX packets forwarded by the IPX routerNumber of IPX packets dropped due to IPX Network Number of IPX packet dropped due to IPX AddressADMINISTERING APPLETALK 12 ROUTING This chapter describes how to set up your LANplex system to use theAppleTalk protocol to route packets. For more information on how AppleTalk routing works, see Chapter 7 Routing with AppleTalkassociated AppleTalk interface You can conﬁgure a maximum of 32 interfaces per routerAdministering InterfacesConfigure seed interface? n,y y appletalk interface displayappletalk interface define You can enter up to 16 zone names per interface appletalk interface removeAdministering RoutesProtocol RTMP. RTMP deﬁnes 1 the rules for exchanging information 12-6 CHAPTER 12 ADMINISTERING APPLETALK ROUTING appletalk route flushstatically-assigned 48-bit addresses used by Ethernet and token ring 12-8 CHAPTER 12 ADMINISTERING APPLETALK ROUTING appletalk aarp displayAt the Administration Console’s top-level menu, enter appletalk aarp removeappletalk aarp flush Displaying the Zone Table appletalk zone display networkappletalk zone display zone Conﬁguring Forwarding Configuring ForwardingZone Table by Network Numbers Zone Table by ZonesConﬁguring Checksum Pinging an AppleTalk NodeTotal number of packets received, including those with errors Total number of packets forwarded, including those with errorsappletalk statistics ddp data length was less than the data length specified in the DDP Number of DDP datagrams which were dropped because of aappletalk statistics rtmp From the Administration Console top-level menu, enter Displaying ZIP InformationTo display ZIP statistics appletalk statistics zipNumber of ZIP packets received that were rejected for any error the zone invalid bit set because the corresponding GetNetInfooutGniRequests Number of times a conflict has been detected between this entity’sViewing Appletalk Statistics 12-17Number of ZIP GetNetInfo reply packets sent out of this port zone invalid bit set in response to a GetNetInfo request with anNumber of NBP packets received that were rejected for any error Table 12-4 describes the NBP statistics you can viewREMOTE MONITORING RMON AND THE LANPLEX SYSTEM Chapter 13 Remote Monitoring RMON TechnologyREMOTE MONITORING RMON 13 TECHNOLOGY An RMON implementation offers solutions to both of these problems Table 13-1 lists these supported groups13-2 CHAPTER 13 REMOTE MONITORING RMON TECHNOLOGY implementing many probes in a large network can be high Management Information BaseExtended Switching System software as ASN.1 ﬁles store data in the MIBThe displayed information includes these items Alarms statistics counters associated with itinstances of when counters exceed their set threshold exceeds a preset threshold, the alarm reports this occurrenceFigure 13-3 Manually Set Thresholds generates an alarm only under the following conditions APPENDIX Appendix A Technical SupportServices TECHNICAL SUPPORTOn-line Technical Access by Digital Modem Support from Your NetworkSupplier 3Com In the U.S. and Canada, call 800 876-3266 for customer serviceto ﬁnd your authorized service provider. Use one of these numbers Support fromINDEX NumericsSee also RIP See also SAP Page Page See also FDDI station statistics