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3Com 2500 manual Conﬁguring Checksum, Pinging an AppleTalk Node

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Conﬁguring Checksum

12-12 CHAPTER 12: ADMINISTERING APPLETALK® ROUTING

Conﬁguring Checksum

Top-Level Menu

Checksum is a simple method used for detecting errors in the transmission of data. Checksum generation totals the bytes comprising the data and adds this sum to the end of the data packet. Checksum veriﬁcation allows you to verify the integrity of the data that is routed. You can enable or disable checksum generation and veriﬁcation states.

To enable or disable checksum generation/veriﬁcation:

1 At the Administration Console’s top-level menu, enter:

system ethernet fddi atm bridge ip

ipx

➧appletalk snmp analyzer script logout

	interface		appletalk checksum
	route
	aarp	2	Enter enable or disable at the checksum generation prompt.
	zone	2	Enter enable or disable at the checksum generation prompt.
	zone
	forwarding
	➧checksum	3	Enter enable or disable at the checksum veriﬁcation prompt.
	ping	3	Enter enable or disable at the checksum veriﬁcation prompt.
	statistics

Pinging an AppleTalk Node

Top-Level Menu

	system
	system	interface
	ethernet	interface
	fddi	route
	atm	aarp
	bridge	zone
	ip	forwarding
	ipx	checksum

➧appletalk ➧ping

snmp statistics analyzer

script logout

The AppleTalk Echo Protocol (AEP) sends a datagram (an Echo Request) from one node to another, which causes the destination node to return or echo, the datagram (an Echo Reply) to the sender. This allows you to determine whether a node is accessible before any sessions are started.

To ping an AppleTalk node:

1At the Administration Console’s top-level menu, enter:

appletalk ping

You are prompted for a node address.

2Enter the address of the node you want to ping. If the node is accessible, you receive a response.

Image 160

3Com 2500 manual Conﬁguring Checksum, Pinging an AppleTalk Node

Contents

LANPLEX 2500 EXTENDED SWITCHING USER GUIDEPublished November Revision 3Com Corporation 5400 Bayfront Plaza Santa Clara, California CONTENTS PART I GETTING STARTEDPART II VIRTUAL LAN TECHNOLOGY 1 LANPLEX EXTENDED SWITCHING FEATURES3 BRIDGING AND ROUTING IN THE LANPLEX SYSTEM PART III ABOUT ROUTING PROTOCOLS4 ROUTING WITH IP TECHNOLOGY Service Advertising Protocol SAP Internetwork Service Information5 ROUTING WITH IP MULTICAST 6 ROUTING WITH IPXPART IV ADMINISTERING EXTENDED SWITCHING FEATURES 8 ADMINISTERING VLANS9 ADMINISTERING IP ROUTING 7 ROUTING IN AN APPLETALK ENVIRONMENT10 ADMINISTERING IP MULTICAST ROUTING 11 ADMINISTERING IPX ROUTING 12 ADMINISTERING APPLETALK ROUTINGPART V REMOTE MONITORING RMON AND THE LANPLEX SYSTEM PART VI APPENDIX13 REMOTE MONITORING RMON TECHNOLOGY A TECHNICAL SUPPORTINDEX Support from 3Com A-4 Returning Products for Repair A-4ABOUT THIS GUIDE IntroductionLANplex system the information in this guide, follow the release notesConventions Information notes call attention to important features orCautions alert you to personal safety risk, system damage Warnings alert you to the risk of severe personal injuryLANplex 2500 Documentation LANplex 2500 Unpacking Instructionssystem software Update commandsLANplex 2500 Administration Console User Guide LANplex 2500 Extended Switching User Guide This bookLANplex 2500 Software Release Notes LANplex 2500 Getting StartedExample LANplex 2500 Operation Guide Module Installation GuidesPlease include the following information when commenting 6 ABOUT THIS GUIDE FEATURES SwitchingAbout LANplex ExtendedUsing Menus Switching softwareUsing Menus Figure 1-1 Bridge Menu HierarchyFigure 1-2 IP Menu Hierarchy Figure 1-3 IPX Menu Hierarchy Figure 1-4 Appletalk Menu Hierarchy LANPLEX SYSTEM VLANS ON THEAbout VLANs MAC Address Group VLANS Application-Oriented VLANSProtocol-Sensitive VLANS 2-2 CHAPTER 2 VLANS ON THE LANPLEX SYSTEMVLAN Conﬁguration Protocol Suite About VLANsLayer 3 Addressing Information Switch Ports2-4 CHAPTER 2 VLANS ON THE LANPLEX SYSTEM The ﬂood domain for protocols not supported by any VLAN in the system XNS data received matches no protocol PortsIs flooded on IPX data received matches IPX VLAN on theFor example, two IP VLANs can be conﬁgured for ports 1-10 as follows For example, to create an IP interface that can route through a VLAN For example IP VLAN subnet 157.103.54.0 with subnet mask of VLAN Examples Example Figure 2-1 Example of a Protocol-Sensitive VLAN ConﬁgurationLANplex 2500 Power Run Example2-12 CHAPTER 2 VLANS ON THE LANPLEX SYSTEM BRIDGING AND ROUTING IN THE LANPLEX SYSTEMFigure 3-1 Traditional Architecture of a Routed Network What Is Routing? Figure 3-3 Multiple Ports per Subnets with the LANplex 2500 SystemBridging and Routing ModelsFigure 3-4 Bridging in the Traditional Bridging and Routing Model 1 The packet enters the LANplex system Figure 3-7 Routing in the LANplex Bridging and Routing Model 3-8 CHAPTER 3 BRIDGING AND ROUTING IN THE LANPLEX SYSTEM IP Routing and ROUTING WITH IP TECHNOLOGYthe OSI Model Elements of IP RoutingAddress Classes 158.101 is the network part 230 is the subnet part The routing table consists of the following elements Dynamic Routes Using RIP Static RoutesDefault Route Figure 4-7 Example of an ARP Request Packet IP Routing ErrorsTransmission Routing with User Guide for information about how to conﬁgure ATM portsClassical IP over References RFC 791. Internet Protocol SpeciﬁcationRFC 792. Internet Control Message Protocol Speciﬁcation RFC 1009. Requirements for Internet Gateways4-12 CHAPTER 4 ROUTING WITH IP TECHNOLOGY ROUTING WITH IP MULTICAST About IPMulticast Routing IGMPDVMRP MBONEYou can gain access to the MBONE through any Internet service multicast tunnels or routing interfaces when connected to the MBONEAlgorithms routing Figure 5-1 shows a simple network with ﬁve links Multicast Interfaces5-6 CHAPTER 5 ROUTING WITH IP MULTICAST ROUTING WITH IPX IPX Routing inthe NetWare EnvironmentInternet Packet Exchange IPX Routing Information Protocol RIP Service Advertisement Protocol SAPbe provided by protocols above IPX Protocol RIP IPX Routing in the NetWare EnvironmentFigure 6-2 shows the IPX packet format The packet format consists of the following elements Sending Node’s Responsibility Router’s Responsibility IPX Routing The Elements of6-8 CHAPTER 6 ROUTING WITH IPX Aging Timer - The time since the network’s last update Selecting the Best Route SAP Packet Structure A SAP packet consists of the following ﬁelds Server Information Table Server Information Maintenance elapsed since information was received concerning a particular table entry. Since this information is either new or changed, the SAP agent that receives this information immediately passes it on, and the change is quickly learned throughout the internetwork 6-16 CHAPTER 6 ROUTING WITH IPX ROUTING IN AN APPLETALK 7 ENVIRONMENT About AppleTalkAppleTalk NetworkNamed Entities 7-2 CHAPTER 7 ROUTING IN AN APPLETALK ENVIRONMENTFigure 7-1 AppleTalk Networks and AppleTalk Zones designate a seed router through the Administration Console ProtocolsAppleTalk Figure 7-2 AppleTalk Protocols and the OSI Reference Model Transport Layer Protocols The network range The distance in hops to the destination network 7-8 CHAPTER 7 ROUTING IN AN APPLETALK ENVIRONMENT InterfaceAppleTalk Session Layer Protocol ASP Printer Access Protocol PAP The Session Layer ProtocolsAn AppleTalk internet has four session-layer protocols Zone Information Protocol ZIP AppleTalk Data Stream Protocol ADSPAbout AARP description language used by many printersmapping for both extended and nonextended networks another probe packetAbout AARP 7-117-12 CHAPTER 7 ROUTING IN AN APPLETALK ENVIRONMENT ADMINISTERING VLANS Displaying VLAN InformationExample of a detailed display for the VLANs Table 8-1 describes these statisticsA system-assigned index used for identifying a particular VLAN A 16-byte character string intended to identify the members of theDeﬁning VLAN Information Modifying VLAN Information The maximum number of VLANs you can deﬁne on a single bridge isRemoving VLAN Information Informationbridge vlan remove 8-6 CHAPTER 8 ADMINISTERING VLANS Administering ADMINISTERING IP ROUTINGinterfaces Type - The IP interface is one of these types this option, the system displays a list of available VLAN indexes and the bridge ports associated with them 9-4 CHAPTER 9 ADMINISTERING IP ROUTING ip interface define2 Enter the IP address of the interface 9-6 CHAPTER 9 ADMINISTERING IP ROUTING Enter IP addressEnter subnet mask 255.255.0.0 255.255.255.0 Enter cost Enter interface type vlan, lis vlanip interface modify ip interface remove1 PVC associated with the interface index 2. Do you wish to continue yes/no yesSelect interface index 1 Enter advertisement address 158.101.255.1 ip interface addAdvertisementip interface removeAdvertisement Routes AdministeringAdministering Routes ip interface addPvcRoute was learned using indicated protocol 9-10 CHAPTER 9 ADMINISTERING IP ROUTINGRoute goes to a directly connected network Route was learned but is partially timed outip route display ip route staticMetric LearnedRIPEnter destination IP address Enter subnet mask 255.255.0.0 Enter gateway IP addressip route remove ip route flushthe ARP Cache Administeringip route default ip route noDefaultYou can display the contents of the ARP cache for your system To display the contents of the ARP cache, enter the following commandip arp displayAdministering ATM ARP Serversand must belong to the same IP subnet ip atmArpServer define Select ATM port Enter IP address Enter subnet maskip atmArpServer remove Select ATM ARP server indexes 1-2,allAdministering ATM ARP Servers 9-17ip atmArpServer arp displayAdministering UDP HelperARP Cache You can remove a port number or IP forwarding address deﬁned for UDP ip udpHelper displayip udpHelper define ip udpHelper removeEnabling and Disabling IP Routing ip udpHelper hopCountLimitip udpHelper threshold ip routingEnabling and Disabling ICMP Router Discovery Setting the RIPMode ip rip Pinging an IP Stationip ping Displaying IP Statistics ip statistics9-24 CHAPTER 9 ADMINISTERING IP ROUTING ADMINISTERING IP MULTICAST ROUTINGEnabling and Enabling and Disabling DVMRPDisabling IGMP Administering IP The IP multicast interface selections allow you to enable and disableMulticast InterfacesFrom the top level of the Administration Console, enter Rate LimitDisplaying To display a multicast interface Multicast Interfacesip multicast interface disable ip multicast interface enableEnter an IP interface index 1 Enter Interface DVMRP metric 1 Enter Interface TTL threshold Enter interface rate limit in KBits/secMulticast Tunnels multicast internetworks through one or more unicast routersAdministering LANplex router and then the characteristics of the tunnel. TunnelAdministering Multicast Tunnels 10-7ip multicast tunnel define ip multicast tunnel removeDisplaying Routes 1 From top level of the Administration Console, enterTo display all available routes in the IP multicast routing table The DVMRP status and IGMP status appear on the screenDisplaying the Multicast Cache ip multicast cacheDisplayExample 10-10 CHAPTER 10 ADMINISTERING IP MULTICAST ROUTINGThe following display shows the multicast cache conﬁguration Table 10-2 describes the ﬁelds in the cache display bracket indicate a multicast subnetwork. Entries without anangle bracket, beneath the subnetwork entries, are multicast Interface number on which that gateway is connected. Traffic is10-12 CHAPTER 10 ADMINISTERING IP MULTICAST ROUTING ADMINISTERING IPX ROUTING Administering associated with it. Each switching module has one IPX interfaceIPX network address - The network administrator sets this 4-byte InterfacesWhen you deﬁne an interface, you deﬁne the interface’s IPX address As shown in the following example, the current conﬁguration issystem as well as IPX interface information cost, format, and the associated IPX VLAN indexipx interface modify 11-4 CHAPTER 11 ADMINISTERING IPX ROUTINGipx interface remove Administering RoutesHops - The number of routers that must be crossed to reach the Tics - An estimate of how long it will take the packet to reach thisTo display the contents of the routing table, from the Administration Enter IPX address 0x45469f30 Enter Cost Enter Interface number Enter node address 08-00-3e-22-15-78ipx route remove ipx route flushAdministering Serversserver table using the Administration Console Server Table servers are learned and if they are operational ipx server remove 1 From the Administration Console top-level menu, enteripx server flush Setting IPX ForwardingSetting the RIP another when required. When you disable IPX forwarding, the systemSetting the Enhanced RIP11-12 CHAPTER 11 ADMINISTERING IPX ROUTING ModeSetting the SAP 2 Enter the SAP mode off, passive, or active. To use the value inMode ipx sapDisplaying StatisticsTo display IPX summary statistics, from the Administration Console IPX RIP statisticsTable 11-2 describers the IPX RIP statistics Example belowipx statistics rip ipx statistics sap Number of IPX SAP Responses that have been processedNumber of IPX SAP Requests that have been processed SAP GNS RequestsIPX forwarding is enabled, RIP is active, SAP is active NetBIOS Max HopsDisplaying Statistics 11-17Number of IPX NetBIOS packets that exceeded the Number of IPX packets forwarded by the IPX routerNumber of IPX packets dropped due to IPX Network Number of IPX packet dropped due to IPX AddressADMINISTERING APPLETALK 12 ROUTING This chapter describes how to set up your LANplex system to use theAppleTalk protocol to route packets. For more information on how AppleTalk routing works, see Chapter 7 Routing with AppleTalkassociated AppleTalk interface You can conﬁgure a maximum of 32 interfaces per routerAdministering Interfacesappletalk interface display Configure seed interface? n,y yappletalk interface define You can enter up to 16 zone names per interface appletalk interface removeRoutes AdministeringProtocol RTMP. RTMP deﬁnes 1 the rules for exchanging information 12-6 CHAPTER 12 ADMINISTERING APPLETALK ROUTING appletalk route flushstatically-assigned 48-bit addresses used by Ethernet and token ring 12-8 CHAPTER 12 ADMINISTERING APPLETALK ROUTING appletalk aarp displayappletalk aarp remove At the Administration Console’s top-level menu, enterappletalk aarp flush appletalk zone display network Displaying the Zone Tableappletalk zone display zone Conﬁguring Forwarding Configuring ForwardingZone Table by Network Numbers Zone Table by ZonesConﬁguring Checksum Pinging an AppleTalk NodeTotal number of packets forwarded, including those with errors Total number of packets received, including those with errorsappletalk statistics ddp Number of DDP datagrams which were dropped because of a data length was less than the data length specified in the DDPappletalk statistics rtmp From the Administration Console top-level menu, enter Displaying ZIP InformationTo display ZIP statistics appletalk statistics zipNumber of ZIP packets received that were rejected for any error the zone invalid bit set because the corresponding GetNetInfooutGniRequests Number of times a conflict has been detected between this entity’sViewing Appletalk Statistics 12-17Number of ZIP GetNetInfo reply packets sent out of this port zone invalid bit set in response to a GetNetInfo request with anNumber of NBP packets received that were rejected for any error Table 12-4 describes the NBP statistics you can viewREMOTE MONITORING RMON AND THE LANPLEX SYSTEM Chapter 13 Remote Monitoring RMON TechnologyREMOTE MONITORING RMON 13 TECHNOLOGY Table 13-1 lists these supported groups An RMON implementation offers solutions to both of these problems13-2 CHAPTER 13 REMOTE MONITORING RMON TECHNOLOGY implementing many probes in a large network can be high Management Information BaseExtended Switching System software as ASN.1 ﬁles store data in the MIBThe displayed information includes these items Alarms statistics counters associated with itinstances of when counters exceed their set threshold exceeds a preset threshold, the alarm reports this occurrenceFigure 13-3 Manually Set Thresholds generates an alarm only under the following conditions APPENDIX Appendix A Technical SupportTECHNICAL SUPPORT ServicesOn-line Technical Access by Digital Modem Your Network Support fromSupplier 3Com In the U.S. and Canada, call 800 876-3266 for customer serviceto ﬁnd your authorized service provider. Use one of these numbers Support fromINDEX NumericsSee also RIP See also SAP Page Page See also FDDI station statistics