Published November Revision
SWITCHING USER GUIDE
LANPLEX 2500 EXTENDED
3Com Corporation 5400 Bayfront Plaza Santa Clara, California
PART I GETTING STARTED
CONTENTS
PART II VIRTUAL LAN TECHNOLOGY
1 LANPLEX EXTENDED SWITCHING FEATURES
4 ROUTING WITH IP TECHNOLOGY
PART III ABOUT ROUTING PROTOCOLS
3 BRIDGING AND ROUTING IN THE LANPLEX SYSTEM
Internetwork Service Information
Service Advertising Protocol SAP
5 ROUTING WITH IP MULTICAST
6 ROUTING WITH IPX
8 ADMINISTERING VLANS
PART IV ADMINISTERING EXTENDED SWITCHING FEATURES
9 ADMINISTERING IP ROUTING
7 ROUTING IN AN APPLETALK ENVIRONMENT
10 ADMINISTERING IP MULTICAST ROUTING
12 ADMINISTERING APPLETALK ROUTING
11 ADMINISTERING IPX ROUTING
PART VI APPENDIX
PART V REMOTE MONITORING RMON AND THE LANPLEX SYSTEM
13 REMOTE MONITORING RMON TECHNOLOGY
A TECHNICAL SUPPORT
Support from 3Com A-4 Returning Products for Repair A-4
INDEX
Introduction
ABOUT THIS GUIDE
LANplex system
the information in this guide, follow the release notes
Information notes call attention to important features or
Conventions
Cautions alert you to personal safety risk, system damage
Warnings alert you to the risk of severe personal injury
LANplex 2500 Unpacking Instructions
LANplex 2500 Documentation
system software Update
commands
LANplex 2500 Extended Switching User Guide This book
LANplex 2500 Administration Console User Guide
LANplex 2500 Software Release Notes
LANplex 2500 Getting Started
Please include the following information when commenting
Module Installation Guides
Example LANplex 2500 Operation Guide
6 ABOUT THIS GUIDE
Switching
FEATURES
About LANplex
Extended
Switching software
Using Menus
Figure 1-1 Bridge Menu Hierarchy
Using Menus
Figure 1-2 IP Menu Hierarchy
Figure 1-3 IPX Menu Hierarchy
Figure 1-4 Appletalk Menu Hierarchy
About VLANs
VLANS ON THE
LANPLEX SYSTEM
Application-Oriented VLANS
MAC Address Group VLANS
Protocol-Sensitive VLANS
2-2 CHAPTER 2 VLANS ON THE LANPLEX SYSTEM
About VLANs
VLAN Configuration Protocol Suite
2-4 CHAPTER 2 VLANS ON THE LANPLEX SYSTEM
Switch Ports
Layer 3 Addressing Information
The flood domain for protocols not supported by any VLAN in the system
Ports
XNS data received matches no protocol
Is flooded on
IPX data received matches IPX VLAN on the
For example, two IP VLANs can be configured for ports 1-10 as follows
For example, to create an IP interface that can route through a VLAN
For example IP VLAN subnet 157.103.54.0 with subnet mask of
Figure 2-1 Example of a Protocol-Sensitive VLAN Configuration
VLAN Examples Example
Example
LANplex 2500 Power Run
2-12 CHAPTER 2 VLANS ON THE LANPLEX SYSTEM
LANPLEX SYSTEM
BRIDGING AND ROUTING IN THE
Figure 3-1 Traditional Architecture of a Routed Network
Figure 3-3 Multiple Ports per Subnets with the LANplex 2500 System
What Is Routing?
Routing Models
Bridging and
Figure 3-4 Bridging in the Traditional Bridging and Routing Model
1 The packet enters the LANplex system
Figure 3-7 Routing in the LANplex Bridging and Routing Model
3-8 CHAPTER 3 BRIDGING AND ROUTING IN THE LANPLEX SYSTEM
the OSI Model
ROUTING WITH IP TECHNOLOGY
IP Routing and
Routing
Elements of IP
Address Classes
158.101 is the network part 230 is the subnet part
The routing table consists of the following elements
Static Routes
Dynamic Routes Using RIP
Default Route
Figure 4-7 Example of an ARP Request Packet
Transmission
Errors
IP Routing
Classical IP over
User Guide for information about how to configure ATM ports
Routing with
RFC 791. Internet Protocol Specification
References
RFC 792. Internet Control Message Protocol Specification
RFC 1009. Requirements for Internet Gateways
4-12 CHAPTER 4 ROUTING WITH IP TECHNOLOGY
About IP
ROUTING WITH IP MULTICAST
Multicast Routing
IGMP
MBONE
DVMRP
You can gain access to the MBONE through any Internet service
multicast tunnels or routing interfaces when connected to the MBONE
Algorithms routing
Figure 5-1 shows a simple network with five links
Interfaces
Multicast
5-6 CHAPTER 5 ROUTING WITH IP MULTICAST
IPX Routing in
ROUTING WITH IPX
the NetWare
Environment
be provided by protocols above IPX
Service Advertisement Protocol SAP
Internet Packet Exchange IPX Routing Information Protocol RIP
IPX Routing in the NetWare Environment
Protocol RIP
Figure 6-2 shows the IPX packet format
The packet format consists of the following elements
Sending Node’s Responsibility
Router’s Responsibility
6-8 CHAPTER 6 ROUTING WITH IPX
The Elements of
IPX Routing
Aging Timer - The time since the network’s last update
Selecting the Best Route
SAP Packet Structure
A SAP packet consists of the following fields
Server Information Table
Server Information Maintenance
elapsed since information was received concerning a particular table entry. Since this information is either new or changed, the SAP agent that receives this information immediately passes it on, and the change is quickly learned throughout the internetwork
6-16 CHAPTER 6 ROUTING WITH IPX
About AppleTalk
ROUTING IN AN APPLETALK 7 ENVIRONMENT
AppleTalk
Network
7-2 CHAPTER 7 ROUTING IN AN APPLETALK ENVIRONMENT
Named Entities
Figure 7-1 AppleTalk Networks and AppleTalk Zones
AppleTalk
Protocols
designate a seed router through the Administration Console
Figure 7-2 AppleTalk Protocols and the OSI Reference Model
Transport Layer Protocols
The network range The distance in hops to the destination network
Interface
7-8 CHAPTER 7 ROUTING IN AN APPLETALK ENVIRONMENT
The Session Layer Protocols
AppleTalk Session Layer Protocol ASP Printer Access Protocol PAP
An AppleTalk internet has four session-layer protocols
Zone Information Protocol ZIP AppleTalk Data Stream Protocol ADSP
description language used by many printers
About AARP
mapping for both extended and nonextended networks
another probe packet
7-11
About AARP
7-12 CHAPTER 7 ROUTING IN AN APPLETALK ENVIRONMENT
Displaying VLAN Information
ADMINISTERING VLANS
Table 8-1 describes these statistics
Example of a detailed display for the VLANs
A system-assigned index used for identifying a particular VLAN
A 16-byte character string intended to identify the members of the
Defining VLAN Information
The maximum number of VLANs you can define on a single bridge is
Modifying VLAN Information
bridge vlan remove
Information
Removing VLAN Information
8-6 CHAPTER 8 ADMINISTERING VLANS
interfaces
ADMINISTERING IP ROUTING
Administering
Type - The IP interface is one of these types
this option, the system displays a list of available VLAN indexes and the bridge ports associated with them
ip interface define
9-4 CHAPTER 9 ADMINISTERING IP ROUTING
2 Enter the IP address of the interface
Enter IP address
9-6 CHAPTER 9 ADMINISTERING IP ROUTING
Enter subnet mask 255.255.0.0 255.255.255.0 Enter cost
Enter interface type vlan, lis vlan
ip interface remove
ip interface modify
1 PVC associated with the interface index 2. Do you wish
to continue yes/no yes
ip interface removeAdvertisement
ip interface addAdvertisement
Select interface index 1 Enter advertisement address 158.101.255.1
Administering
Routes
Administering Routes
ip interface addPvc
9-10 CHAPTER 9 ADMINISTERING IP ROUTING
Route was learned using indicated protocol
Route goes to a directly connected network
Route was learned but is partially timed out
ip route static
ip route display
Metric
LearnedRIP
Enter gateway IP address
Enter destination IP address Enter subnet mask 255.255.0.0
ip route remove
ip route flush
Administering
the ARP Cache
ip route default
ip route noDefault
To display the contents of the ARP cache, enter the following command
You can display the contents of the ARP cache for your system
ip arp
display
and must belong to the same IP subnet
ATM ARP Servers
Administering
Select ATM port Enter IP address Enter subnet mask
ip atmArpServer define
ip atmArpServer remove
Select ATM ARP server indexes 1-2,all
9-17
Administering ATM ARP Servers
ip atmArpServer arp
display
ARP Cache
UDP Helper
Administering
ip udpHelper display
You can remove a port number or IP forwarding address defined for UDP
ip udpHelper define
ip udpHelper remove
ip udpHelper hopCountLimit
Enabling and Disabling IP Routing
ip udpHelper threshold
ip routing
Mode
Setting the RIP
Enabling and Disabling ICMP Router Discovery
ip ping
Pinging an IP Station
ip rip
ip statistics
Displaying IP Statistics
9-24 CHAPTER 9 ADMINISTERING IP ROUTING
IP MULTICAST ROUTING
ADMINISTERING
Disabling IGMP
Enabling and Disabling DVMRP
Enabling and
The IP multicast interface selections allow you to enable and disable
Administering IP
Multicast
Interfaces
Rate Limit
From the top level of the Administration Console, enter
Displaying To display a multicast interface
Multicast Interfaces
ip multicast interface enable
ip multicast interface disable
Enter an IP interface index 1 Enter Interface DVMRP metric 1
Enter Interface TTL threshold Enter interface rate limit in KBits/sec
multicast internetworks through one or more unicast routers
Multicast Tunnels
Administering
LANplex router and then the characteristics of the tunnel. Tunnel
10-7
Administering Multicast Tunnels
ip multicast tunnel define
ip multicast tunnel remove
1 From top level of the Administration Console, enter
Displaying Routes
To display all available routes in the IP multicast routing table
The DVMRP status and IGMP status appear on the screen
ip multicast cacheDisplay
Displaying the Multicast Cache
The following display shows the multicast cache configuration
10-10 CHAPTER 10 ADMINISTERING IP MULTICAST ROUTING
Example
bracket indicate a multicast subnetwork. Entries without an
Table 10-2 describes the fields in the cache display
angle bracket, beneath the subnetwork entries, are multicast
Interface number on which that gateway is connected. Traffic is
10-12 CHAPTER 10 ADMINISTERING IP MULTICAST ROUTING
ADMINISTERING IPX ROUTING
associated with it. Each switching module has one IPX interface
Administering
IPX network address - The network administrator sets this 4-byte
Interfaces
As shown in the following example, the current configuration is
When you define an interface, you define the interface’s IPX address
system as well as IPX interface information
cost, format, and the associated IPX VLAN index
ipx interface remove
11-4 CHAPTER 11 ADMINISTERING IPX ROUTING
ipx interface modify
Routes
Administering
Hops - The number of routers that must be crossed to reach the
Tics - An estimate of how long it will take the packet to reach this
To display the contents of the routing table, from the Administration
Enter node address 08-00-3e-22-15-78
Enter IPX address 0x45469f30 Enter Cost Enter Interface number
ipx route remove
ipx route flush
server table using the Administration Console
Servers
Administering
Server Table servers are learned and if they are operational
ipx server flush
1 From the Administration Console top-level menu, enter
ipx server remove
Forwarding
Setting IPX
Setting the RIP
another when required. When you disable IPX forwarding, the system
Enhanced RIP
Setting the
11-12 CHAPTER 11 ADMINISTERING IPX ROUTING
Mode
2 Enter the SAP mode off, passive, or active. To use the value in
Setting the SAP
Mode
ipx sap
Statistics
Displaying
To display IPX summary statistics, from the Administration Console
IPX RIP statistics
ipx statistics rip
Example below
Table 11-2 describers the IPX RIP statistics
Number of IPX SAP Responses that have been processed
ipx statistics sap
Number of IPX SAP Requests that have been processed
SAP GNS Requests
NetBIOS Max Hops
IPX forwarding is enabled, RIP is active, SAP is active
Displaying Statistics
11-17
Number of IPX packets forwarded by the IPX router
Number of IPX NetBIOS packets that exceeded the
Number of IPX packets dropped due to IPX Network
Number of IPX packet dropped due to IPX Address
This chapter describes how to set up your LANplex system to use the
ADMINISTERING APPLETALK 12 ROUTING
AppleTalk protocol to route packets. For more information on how
AppleTalk routing works, see Chapter 7 Routing with AppleTalk
You can configure a maximum of 32 interfaces per router
associated AppleTalk interface
Administering
Interfaces
appletalk interface define
Configure seed interface? n,y y
appletalk interface display
appletalk interface remove
You can enter up to 16 zone names per interface
Protocol RTMP. RTMP defines 1 the rules for exchanging information
Administering
Routes
appletalk route flush
12-6 CHAPTER 12 ADMINISTERING APPLETALK ROUTING
statically-assigned 48-bit addresses used by Ethernet and token ring
appletalk aarp display
12-8 CHAPTER 12 ADMINISTERING APPLETALK ROUTING
appletalk aarp flush
At the Administration Console’s top-level menu, enter
appletalk aarp remove
appletalk zone display zone
Displaying the Zone Table
appletalk zone display network
Configuring Forwarding
Configuring Forwarding
Zone Table by Network Numbers
Zone Table by Zones
Pinging an AppleTalk Node
Configuring Checksum
appletalk statistics ddp
Total number of packets received, including those with errors
Total number of packets forwarded, including those with errors
appletalk statistics rtmp
data length was less than the data length specified in the DDP
Number of DDP datagrams which were dropped because of a
Displaying ZIP Information
From the Administration Console top-level menu, enter
To display ZIP statistics
appletalk statistics zip
the zone invalid bit set because the corresponding GetNetInfo
Number of ZIP packets received that were rejected for any error
outGniRequests
Number of times a conflict has been detected between this entity’s
12-17
Viewing Appletalk Statistics
Number of ZIP GetNetInfo reply packets sent out of this port
zone invalid bit set in response to a GetNetInfo request with an
Table 12-4 describes the NBP statistics you can view
Number of NBP packets received that were rejected for any error
Chapter 13 Remote Monitoring RMON Technology
REMOTE MONITORING RMON AND THE LANPLEX SYSTEM
REMOTE MONITORING RMON 13 TECHNOLOGY
13-2 CHAPTER 13 REMOTE MONITORING RMON TECHNOLOGY
An RMON implementation offers solutions to both of these problems
Table 13-1 lists these supported groups
implementing many probes in a large network can be high
Information Base
Management
Extended Switching System software as ASN.1 files
store data in the MIB
The displayed information includes these items
statistics counters associated with it
Alarms
instances of when counters exceed their set threshold
exceeds a preset threshold, the alarm reports this occurrence
Figure 13-3 Manually Set Thresholds
generates an alarm only under the following conditions
Appendix A Technical Support
APPENDIX
On-line Technical
Services
TECHNICAL SUPPORT
Access by Digital Modem
Supplier
Support from
Your Network
In the U.S. and Canada, call 800 876-3266 for customer service
3Com
to find your authorized service provider. Use one of these numbers
Support from
Numerics
INDEX
See also RIP See also SAP
Page
Page
See also FDDI station statistics
