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3Com 2500 manual Conﬁguring Forwarding, Zone Table by Network Numbers, Zone Table by Zones, 12-11

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Configuring Forwarding

Configuring Forwarding

12-11

Depending on the command entered, the zone table is displayed by network or zone. An example of each type of display is shown below:

Zone Table by Network Numbers

DDP forwarding is enabled.

Network 1-1 has 1 known zone

Munich GmbH

Network 3 has 1 known zone

Ethernet A5D85800

Network 10-14 has 1 known zone

Freds_Ethernet

Network 15-19 has 1 known zone

Freds_Token

Network 61 has 1 known zone

DevMacNet

Network 100-100 has 1 known zone France Les Ulis

Network 201-300 has 1 known zone Fred_Wilma

Network 2010-2015 has 1 known zone

NY

Network 10009-10009 has 2 known zones Hemel NSOPS

3Com Arpeggio

Network 10010-10010 has 1 known zone Marlow EUR

Zone Table by Zones

DDP forwarding is enabled.

Zone Holmdel is assigned to 2 networks 21105-21105 21010-21010

Zone NY is assigned to 2 networks 63535-63535 2010-2015

Zone Manchester UK is assigned to 1 network 10310-10329

Zone DC8 is assigned to 1 network 30110-30129

Zone Chicago is assigned to 1 network 22030-22030

Zone Startek-Enet1 is assigned to 1 network 20033-20033

Zone Startek-TR1 is assigned to 1 network 20037-20037

Zone Test GmbH is assigned to 1 network 12010-12012

Zone Madrid3Com is assigned to 1 network 14010-14029

Zone NSDEng is assigned to 1 network 32910-32910

Conﬁguring Forwarding

Top-Level Menu

system
ethernet	interface
fddi	route
atm	aarp
bridge	zone
ip	➧forwarding
ipx	checksum
➧appletalk	ping
snmp	statistics
analyzer
script
logout

You can control whether the router forwards or discards AppleTalk packets addressed to other hosts. When you enable forwarding, the router processes packets as usual, forwarding AppleTalk packets from one subnet to another when required. When you disable IP forwarding, the router discards any AppleTalk packets not addressed directly to one of its deﬁned interfaces.

1At the Administration Console’s top-level menu, enter:

appletalk forwarding

2Enter enable or disable at the prompt.

Image 159

3Com 2500 manual Conﬁguring Forwarding, Zone Table by Network Numbers, Zone Table by Zones, Configuring Forwarding, 12-11

Contents

SWITCHING USER GUIDE LANPLEX 2500 EXTENDEDPublished November Revision 3Com Corporation 5400 Bayfront Plaza Santa Clara, California 1 LANPLEX EXTENDED SWITCHING FEATURES CONTENTSPART I GETTING STARTED PART II VIRTUAL LAN TECHNOLOGYPART III ABOUT ROUTING PROTOCOLS 3 BRIDGING AND ROUTING IN THE LANPLEX SYSTEM4 ROUTING WITH IP TECHNOLOGY 6 ROUTING WITH IPX Service Advertising Protocol SAPInternetwork Service Information 5 ROUTING WITH IP MULTICAST7 ROUTING IN AN APPLETALK ENVIRONMENT PART IV ADMINISTERING EXTENDED SWITCHING FEATURES8 ADMINISTERING VLANS 9 ADMINISTERING IP ROUTING10 ADMINISTERING IP MULTICAST ROUTING 12 ADMINISTERING APPLETALK ROUTING 11 ADMINISTERING IPX ROUTINGA TECHNICAL SUPPORT PART V REMOTE MONITORING RMON AND THE LANPLEX SYSTEMPART VI APPENDIX 13 REMOTE MONITORING RMON TECHNOLOGYSupport from 3Com A-4 Returning Products for Repair A-4 INDEXthe information in this guide, follow the release notes ABOUT THIS GUIDEIntroduction LANplex systemWarnings alert you to the risk of severe personal injury ConventionsInformation notes call attention to important features or Cautions alert you to personal safety risk, system damagecommands LANplex 2500 DocumentationLANplex 2500 Unpacking Instructions system software UpdateLANplex 2500 Getting Started LANplex 2500 Administration Console User GuideLANplex 2500 Extended Switching User Guide This book LANplex 2500 Software Release NotesModule Installation Guides Example LANplex 2500 Operation GuidePlease include the following information when commenting 6 ABOUT THIS GUIDE Extended FEATURESSwitching About LANplexSwitching software Using MenusFigure 1-1 Bridge Menu Hierarchy Using MenusFigure 1-2 IP Menu Hierarchy Figure 1-3 IPX Menu Hierarchy Figure 1-4 Appletalk Menu Hierarchy VLANS ON THE LANPLEX SYSTEMAbout VLANs 2-2 CHAPTER 2 VLANS ON THE LANPLEX SYSTEM MAC Address Group VLANSApplication-Oriented VLANS Protocol-Sensitive VLANSAbout VLANs VLAN Conﬁguration Protocol SuiteSwitch Ports Layer 3 Addressing Information2-4 CHAPTER 2 VLANS ON THE LANPLEX SYSTEM The ﬂood domain for protocols not supported by any VLAN in the system IPX data received matches IPX VLAN on the XNS data received matches no protocolPorts Is flooded onFor example, two IP VLANs can be conﬁgured for ports 1-10 as follows For example, to create an IP interface that can route through a VLAN For example IP VLAN subnet 157.103.54.0 with subnet mask of Figure 2-1 Example of a Protocol-Sensitive VLAN Conﬁguration VLAN Examples ExampleExample LANplex 2500 Power Run2-12 CHAPTER 2 VLANS ON THE LANPLEX SYSTEM LANPLEX SYSTEM BRIDGING AND ROUTING IN THEFigure 3-1 Traditional Architecture of a Routed Network Figure 3-3 Multiple Ports per Subnets with the LANplex 2500 System What Is Routing?Routing Models Bridging andFigure 3-4 Bridging in the Traditional Bridging and Routing Model 1 The packet enters the LANplex system Figure 3-7 Routing in the LANplex Bridging and Routing Model 3-8 CHAPTER 3 BRIDGING AND ROUTING IN THE LANPLEX SYSTEM ROUTING WITH IP TECHNOLOGY IP Routing andthe OSI Model Routing Elements of IPAddress Classes 158.101 is the network part 230 is the subnet part The routing table consists of the following elements Static Routes Dynamic Routes Using RIPDefault Route Figure 4-7 Example of an ARP Request Packet Errors IP RoutingTransmission User Guide for information about how to conﬁgure ATM ports Routing withClassical IP over RFC 1009. Requirements for Internet Gateways ReferencesRFC 791. Internet Protocol Speciﬁcation RFC 792. Internet Control Message Protocol Speciﬁcation4-12 CHAPTER 4 ROUTING WITH IP TECHNOLOGY IGMP ROUTING WITH IP MULTICASTAbout IP Multicast Routingmulticast tunnels or routing interfaces when connected to the MBONE DVMRPMBONE You can gain access to the MBONE through any Internet serviceAlgorithms routing Figure 5-1 shows a simple network with ﬁve links Interfaces Multicast5-6 CHAPTER 5 ROUTING WITH IP MULTICAST Environment ROUTING WITH IPXIPX Routing in the NetWareService Advertisement Protocol SAP Internet Packet Exchange IPX Routing Information Protocol RIPbe provided by protocols above IPX IPX Routing in the NetWare Environment Protocol RIPFigure 6-2 shows the IPX packet format The packet format consists of the following elements Sending Node’s Responsibility Router’s Responsibility The Elements of IPX Routing6-8 CHAPTER 6 ROUTING WITH IPX Aging Timer - The time since the network’s last update Selecting the Best Route SAP Packet Structure A SAP packet consists of the following ﬁelds Server Information Table Server Information Maintenance elapsed since information was received concerning a particular table entry. Since this information is either new or changed, the SAP agent that receives this information immediately passes it on, and the change is quickly learned throughout the internetwork 6-16 CHAPTER 6 ROUTING WITH IPX Network ROUTING IN AN APPLETALK 7 ENVIRONMENTAbout AppleTalk AppleTalk7-2 CHAPTER 7 ROUTING IN AN APPLETALK ENVIRONMENT Named EntitiesFigure 7-1 AppleTalk Networks and AppleTalk Zones Protocols designate a seed router through the Administration ConsoleAppleTalk Figure 7-2 AppleTalk Protocols and the OSI Reference Model Transport Layer Protocols The network range The distance in hops to the destination network Interface 7-8 CHAPTER 7 ROUTING IN AN APPLETALK ENVIRONMENTZone Information Protocol ZIP AppleTalk Data Stream Protocol ADSP AppleTalk Session Layer Protocol ASP Printer Access Protocol PAPThe Session Layer Protocols An AppleTalk internet has four session-layer protocolsanother probe packet About AARPdescription language used by many printers mapping for both extended and nonextended networks7-11 About AARP7-12 CHAPTER 7 ROUTING IN AN APPLETALK ENVIRONMENT Displaying VLAN Information ADMINISTERING VLANSA 16-byte character string intended to identify the members of the Example of a detailed display for the VLANsTable 8-1 describes these statistics A system-assigned index used for identifying a particular VLANDeﬁning VLAN Information The maximum number of VLANs you can deﬁne on a single bridge is Modifying VLAN InformationInformation Removing VLAN Informationbridge vlan remove 8-6 CHAPTER 8 ADMINISTERING VLANS ADMINISTERING IP ROUTING Administeringinterfaces Type - The IP interface is one of these types this option, the system displays a list of available VLAN indexes and the bridge ports associated with them ip interface define 9-4 CHAPTER 9 ADMINISTERING IP ROUTING2 Enter the IP address of the interface Enter interface type vlan, lis vlan 9-6 CHAPTER 9 ADMINISTERING IP ROUTINGEnter IP address Enter subnet mask 255.255.0.0 255.255.255.0 Enter costto continue yes/no yes ip interface modifyip interface remove 1 PVC associated with the interface index 2. Do you wiship interface addAdvertisement Select interface index 1 Enter advertisement address 158.101.255.1ip interface removeAdvertisement ip interface addPvc RoutesAdministering Administering RoutesRoute was learned but is partially timed out Route was learned using indicated protocol9-10 CHAPTER 9 ADMINISTERING IP ROUTING Route goes to a directly connected networkLearnedRIP ip route displayip route static Metricip route flush Enter destination IP address Enter subnet mask 255.255.0.0Enter gateway IP address ip route removeip route noDefault the ARP CacheAdministering ip route defaultdisplay You can display the contents of the ARP cache for your systemTo display the contents of the ARP cache, enter the following command ip arpATM ARP Servers Administeringand must belong to the same IP subnet Select ATM ARP server indexes 1-2,all ip atmArpServer defineSelect ATM port Enter IP address Enter subnet mask ip atmArpServer removedisplay Administering ATM ARP Servers9-17 ip atmArpServer arpUDP Helper AdministeringARP Cache ip udpHelper remove You can remove a port number or IP forwarding address deﬁned for UDPip udpHelper display ip udpHelper defineip routing Enabling and Disabling IP Routingip udpHelper hopCountLimit ip udpHelper thresholdSetting the RIP Enabling and Disabling ICMP Router DiscoveryMode Pinging an IP Station ip ripip ping ip statistics Displaying IP Statistics9-24 CHAPTER 9 ADMINISTERING IP ROUTING IP MULTICAST ROUTING ADMINISTERINGEnabling and Disabling DVMRP Enabling andDisabling IGMP Interfaces Administering IPThe IP multicast interface selections allow you to enable and disable MulticastMulticast Interfaces From the top level of the Administration Console, enterRate Limit Displaying To display a multicast interfaceEnter Interface TTL threshold Enter interface rate limit in KBits/sec ip multicast interface disableip multicast interface enable Enter an IP interface index 1 Enter Interface DVMRP metric 1LANplex router and then the characteristics of the tunnel. Tunnel Multicast Tunnelsmulticast internetworks through one or more unicast routers Administeringip multicast tunnel remove Administering Multicast Tunnels10-7 ip multicast tunnel defineThe DVMRP status and IGMP status appear on the screen Displaying Routes1 From top level of the Administration Console, enter To display all available routes in the IP multicast routing tableip multicast cacheDisplay Displaying the Multicast Cache10-10 CHAPTER 10 ADMINISTERING IP MULTICAST ROUTING ExampleThe following display shows the multicast cache conﬁguration Interface number on which that gateway is connected. Traffic is Table 10-2 describes the ﬁelds in the cache displaybracket indicate a multicast subnetwork. Entries without an angle bracket, beneath the subnetwork entries, are multicast10-12 CHAPTER 10 ADMINISTERING IP MULTICAST ROUTING ADMINISTERING IPX ROUTING Interfaces Administeringassociated with it. Each switching module has one IPX interface IPX network address - The network administrator sets this 4-bytecost, format, and the associated IPX VLAN index When you deﬁne an interface, you deﬁne the interface’s IPX addressAs shown in the following example, the current conﬁguration is system as well as IPX interface information11-4 CHAPTER 11 ADMINISTERING IPX ROUTING ipx interface modifyipx interface remove Tics - An estimate of how long it will take the packet to reach this AdministeringRoutes Hops - The number of routers that must be crossed to reach theTo display the contents of the routing table, from the Administration ipx route flush Enter IPX address 0x45469f30 Enter Cost Enter Interface numberEnter node address 08-00-3e-22-15-78 ipx route removeServers Administeringserver table using the Administration Console Server Table servers are learned and if they are operational 1 From the Administration Console top-level menu, enter ipx server removeipx server flush another when required. When you disable IPX forwarding, the system Setting IPXForwarding Setting the RIPMode Setting theEnhanced RIP 11-12 CHAPTER 11 ADMINISTERING IPX ROUTINGipx sap Setting the SAP2 Enter the SAP mode off, passive, or active. To use the value in ModeIPX RIP statistics DisplayingStatistics To display IPX summary statistics, from the Administration ConsoleExample below Table 11-2 describers the IPX RIP statisticsipx statistics rip SAP GNS Requests ipx statistics sapNumber of IPX SAP Responses that have been processed Number of IPX SAP Requests that have been processed11-17 IPX forwarding is enabled, RIP is active, SAP is activeNetBIOS Max Hops Displaying StatisticsNumber of IPX packet dropped due to IPX Address Number of IPX NetBIOS packets that exceeded theNumber of IPX packets forwarded by the IPX router Number of IPX packets dropped due to IPX NetworkAppleTalk routing works, see Chapter 7 Routing with AppleTalk ADMINISTERING APPLETALK 12 ROUTINGThis chapter describes how to set up your LANplex system to use the AppleTalk protocol to route packets. For more information on howInterfaces associated AppleTalk interfaceYou can conﬁgure a maximum of 32 interfaces per router AdministeringConfigure seed interface? n,y y appletalk interface displayappletalk interface define appletalk interface remove You can enter up to 16 zone names per interfaceAdministering RoutesProtocol RTMP. RTMP deﬁnes 1 the rules for exchanging information appletalk route flush 12-6 CHAPTER 12 ADMINISTERING APPLETALK ROUTINGstatically-assigned 48-bit addresses used by Ethernet and token ring appletalk aarp display 12-8 CHAPTER 12 ADMINISTERING APPLETALK ROUTINGAt the Administration Console’s top-level menu, enter appletalk aarp removeappletalk aarp flush Displaying the Zone Table appletalk zone display networkappletalk zone display zone Zone Table by Zones Conﬁguring ForwardingConfiguring Forwarding Zone Table by Network NumbersPinging an AppleTalk Node Conﬁguring ChecksumTotal number of packets received, including those with errors Total number of packets forwarded, including those with errorsappletalk statistics ddp data length was less than the data length specified in the DDP Number of DDP datagrams which were dropped because of aappletalk statistics rtmp appletalk statistics zip From the Administration Console top-level menu, enterDisplaying ZIP Information To display ZIP statisticsNumber of times a conflict has been detected between this entity’s Number of ZIP packets received that were rejected for any errorthe zone invalid bit set because the corresponding GetNetInfo outGniRequestszone invalid bit set in response to a GetNetInfo request with an Viewing Appletalk Statistics12-17 Number of ZIP GetNetInfo reply packets sent out of this portTable 12-4 describes the NBP statistics you can view Number of NBP packets received that were rejected for any errorChapter 13 Remote Monitoring RMON Technology REMOTE MONITORING RMON AND THE LANPLEX SYSTEMREMOTE MONITORING RMON 13 TECHNOLOGY An RMON implementation offers solutions to both of these problems Table 13-1 lists these supported groups13-2 CHAPTER 13 REMOTE MONITORING RMON TECHNOLOGY implementing many probes in a large network can be high store data in the MIB ManagementInformation Base Extended Switching System software as ASN.1 ﬁlesThe displayed information includes these items exceeds a preset threshold, the alarm reports this occurrence Alarmsstatistics counters associated with it instances of when counters exceed their set thresholdFigure 13-3 Manually Set Thresholds generates an alarm only under the following conditions Appendix A Technical Support APPENDIXServices TECHNICAL SUPPORTOn-line Technical Access by Digital Modem Support from Your NetworkSupplier Support from 3ComIn the U.S. and Canada, call 800 876-3266 for customer service to ﬁnd your authorized service provider. Use one of these numbersNumerics INDEXSee also RIP See also SAP Page Page See also FDDI station statistics