SWITCHING USER GUIDE
LANPLEX 2500 EXTENDED
Published November Revision
3Com Corporation 5400 Bayfront Plaza Santa Clara, California
CONTENTS
PART I GETTING STARTED
PART II VIRTUAL LAN TECHNOLOGY
1 LANPLEX EXTENDED SWITCHING FEATURES
PART III ABOUT ROUTING PROTOCOLS
3 BRIDGING AND ROUTING IN THE LANPLEX SYSTEM
4 ROUTING WITH IP TECHNOLOGY
Service Advertising Protocol SAP
Internetwork Service Information
5 ROUTING WITH IP MULTICAST
6 ROUTING WITH IPX
PART IV ADMINISTERING EXTENDED SWITCHING FEATURES
8 ADMINISTERING VLANS
9 ADMINISTERING IP ROUTING
7 ROUTING IN AN APPLETALK ENVIRONMENT
10 ADMINISTERING IP MULTICAST ROUTING
11 ADMINISTERING IPX ROUTING
12 ADMINISTERING APPLETALK ROUTING
PART V REMOTE MONITORING RMON AND THE LANPLEX SYSTEM
PART VI APPENDIX
13 REMOTE MONITORING RMON TECHNOLOGY
A TECHNICAL SUPPORT
INDEX
Support from 3Com A-4 Returning Products for Repair A-4
ABOUT THIS GUIDE
Introduction
LANplex system
the information in this guide, follow the release notes
Conventions
Information notes call attention to important features or
Cautions alert you to personal safety risk, system damage
Warnings alert you to the risk of severe personal injury
LANplex 2500 Documentation
LANplex 2500 Unpacking Instructions
system software Update
commands
LANplex 2500 Administration Console User Guide
LANplex 2500 Extended Switching User Guide This book
LANplex 2500 Software Release Notes
LANplex 2500 Getting Started
Module Installation Guides
Example LANplex 2500 Operation Guide
Please include the following information when commenting
6 ABOUT THIS GUIDE
FEATURES
Switching
About LANplex
Extended
Using Menus
Switching software
Using Menus
Figure 1-1 Bridge Menu Hierarchy
Figure 1-2 IP Menu Hierarchy
Figure 1-3 IPX Menu Hierarchy
Figure 1-4 Appletalk Menu Hierarchy
VLANS ON THE
LANPLEX SYSTEM
About VLANs
MAC Address Group VLANS
Application-Oriented VLANS
Protocol-Sensitive VLANS
2-2 CHAPTER 2 VLANS ON THE LANPLEX SYSTEM
VLAN Configuration Protocol Suite
About VLANs
Switch Ports
Layer 3 Addressing Information
2-4 CHAPTER 2 VLANS ON THE LANPLEX SYSTEM
The flood domain for protocols not supported by any VLAN in the system
XNS data received matches no protocol
Ports
Is flooded on
IPX data received matches IPX VLAN on the
For example, two IP VLANs can be configured for ports 1-10 as follows
For example, to create an IP interface that can route through a VLAN
For example IP VLAN subnet 157.103.54.0 with subnet mask of
VLAN Examples Example
Figure 2-1 Example of a Protocol-Sensitive VLAN Configuration
LANplex 2500 Power Run
Example
2-12 CHAPTER 2 VLANS ON THE LANPLEX SYSTEM
BRIDGING AND ROUTING IN THE
LANPLEX SYSTEM
Figure 3-1 Traditional Architecture of a Routed Network
What Is Routing?
Figure 3-3 Multiple Ports per Subnets with the LANplex 2500 System
Bridging and
Routing Models
Figure 3-4 Bridging in the Traditional Bridging and Routing Model
1 The packet enters the LANplex system
Figure 3-7 Routing in the LANplex Bridging and Routing Model
3-8 CHAPTER 3 BRIDGING AND ROUTING IN THE LANPLEX SYSTEM
ROUTING WITH IP TECHNOLOGY
IP Routing and
the OSI Model
Elements of IP
Routing
Address Classes
158.101 is the network part 230 is the subnet part
The routing table consists of the following elements
Dynamic Routes Using RIP
Static Routes
Default Route
Figure 4-7 Example of an ARP Request Packet
Errors
IP Routing
Transmission
User Guide for information about how to configure ATM ports
Routing with
Classical IP over
References
RFC 791. Internet Protocol Specification
RFC 792. Internet Control Message Protocol Specification
RFC 1009. Requirements for Internet Gateways
4-12 CHAPTER 4 ROUTING WITH IP TECHNOLOGY
ROUTING WITH IP MULTICAST
About IP
Multicast Routing
IGMP
DVMRP
MBONE
You can gain access to the MBONE through any Internet service
multicast tunnels or routing interfaces when connected to the MBONE
Algorithms routing
Figure 5-1 shows a simple network with five links
Multicast
Interfaces
5-6 CHAPTER 5 ROUTING WITH IP MULTICAST
ROUTING WITH IPX
IPX Routing in
the NetWare
Environment
Service Advertisement Protocol SAP
Internet Packet Exchange IPX Routing Information Protocol RIP
be provided by protocols above IPX
Protocol RIP
IPX Routing in the NetWare Environment
Figure 6-2 shows the IPX packet format
The packet format consists of the following elements
Sending Node’s Responsibility
Router’s Responsibility
The Elements of
IPX Routing
6-8 CHAPTER 6 ROUTING WITH IPX
Aging Timer - The time since the network’s last update
Selecting the Best Route
SAP Packet Structure
A SAP packet consists of the following fields
Server Information Table
Server Information Maintenance
elapsed since information was received concerning a particular table entry. Since this information is either new or changed, the SAP agent that receives this information immediately passes it on, and the change is quickly learned throughout the internetwork
6-16 CHAPTER 6 ROUTING WITH IPX
ROUTING IN AN APPLETALK 7 ENVIRONMENT
About AppleTalk
AppleTalk
Network
Named Entities
7-2 CHAPTER 7 ROUTING IN AN APPLETALK ENVIRONMENT
Figure 7-1 AppleTalk Networks and AppleTalk Zones
Protocols
designate a seed router through the Administration Console
AppleTalk
Figure 7-2 AppleTalk Protocols and the OSI Reference Model
Transport Layer Protocols
The network range The distance in hops to the destination network
7-8 CHAPTER 7 ROUTING IN AN APPLETALK ENVIRONMENT
Interface
AppleTalk Session Layer Protocol ASP Printer Access Protocol PAP
The Session Layer Protocols
An AppleTalk internet has four session-layer protocols
Zone Information Protocol ZIP AppleTalk Data Stream Protocol ADSP
About AARP
description language used by many printers
mapping for both extended and nonextended networks
another probe packet
About AARP
7-11
7-12 CHAPTER 7 ROUTING IN AN APPLETALK ENVIRONMENT
ADMINISTERING VLANS
Displaying VLAN Information
Example of a detailed display for the VLANs
Table 8-1 describes these statistics
A system-assigned index used for identifying a particular VLAN
A 16-byte character string intended to identify the members of the
Defining VLAN Information
Modifying VLAN Information
The maximum number of VLANs you can define on a single bridge is
Information
Removing VLAN Information
bridge vlan remove
8-6 CHAPTER 8 ADMINISTERING VLANS
ADMINISTERING IP ROUTING
Administering
interfaces
Type - The IP interface is one of these types
this option, the system displays a list of available VLAN indexes and the bridge ports associated with them
9-4 CHAPTER 9 ADMINISTERING IP ROUTING
ip interface define
2 Enter the IP address of the interface
9-6 CHAPTER 9 ADMINISTERING IP ROUTING
Enter IP address
Enter subnet mask 255.255.0.0 255.255.255.0 Enter cost
Enter interface type vlan, lis vlan
ip interface modify
ip interface remove
1 PVC associated with the interface index 2. Do you wish
to continue yes/no yes
ip interface addAdvertisement
Select interface index 1 Enter advertisement address 158.101.255.1
ip interface removeAdvertisement
Routes
Administering
Administering Routes
ip interface addPvc
Route was learned using indicated protocol
9-10 CHAPTER 9 ADMINISTERING IP ROUTING
Route goes to a directly connected network
Route was learned but is partially timed out
ip route display
ip route static
Metric
LearnedRIP
Enter destination IP address Enter subnet mask 255.255.0.0
Enter gateway IP address
ip route remove
ip route flush
the ARP Cache
Administering
ip route default
ip route noDefault
You can display the contents of the ARP cache for your system
To display the contents of the ARP cache, enter the following command
ip arp
display
ATM ARP Servers
Administering
and must belong to the same IP subnet
ip atmArpServer define
Select ATM port Enter IP address Enter subnet mask
ip atmArpServer remove
Select ATM ARP server indexes 1-2,all
Administering ATM ARP Servers
9-17
ip atmArpServer arp
display
UDP Helper
Administering
ARP Cache
You can remove a port number or IP forwarding address defined for UDP
ip udpHelper display
ip udpHelper define
ip udpHelper remove
Enabling and Disabling IP Routing
ip udpHelper hopCountLimit
ip udpHelper threshold
ip routing
Setting the RIP
Enabling and Disabling ICMP Router Discovery
Mode
Pinging an IP Station
ip rip
ip ping
Displaying IP Statistics
ip statistics
9-24 CHAPTER 9 ADMINISTERING IP ROUTING
ADMINISTERING
IP MULTICAST ROUTING
Enabling and Disabling DVMRP
Enabling and
Disabling IGMP
Administering IP
The IP multicast interface selections allow you to enable and disable
Multicast
Interfaces
From the top level of the Administration Console, enter
Rate Limit
Displaying To display a multicast interface
Multicast Interfaces
ip multicast interface disable
ip multicast interface enable
Enter an IP interface index 1 Enter Interface DVMRP metric
Enter Interface TTL threshold Enter interface rate limit in KBits/sec
Multicast Tunnels
multicast internetworks through one or more unicast routers
Administering
LANplex router and then the characteristics of the tunnel. Tunnel
Administering Multicast Tunnels
10-7
ip multicast tunnel define
ip multicast tunnel remove
Displaying Routes
1 From top level of the Administration Console, enter
To display all available routes in the IP multicast routing table
The DVMRP status and IGMP status appear on the screen
Displaying the Multicast Cache
ip multicast cacheDisplay
10-10 CHAPTER 10 ADMINISTERING IP MULTICAST ROUTING
Example
The following display shows the multicast cache configuration
Table 10-2 describes the fields in the cache display
bracket indicate a multicast subnetwork. Entries without an
angle bracket, beneath the subnetwork entries, are multicast
Interface number on which that gateway is connected. Traffic is
10-12 CHAPTER 10 ADMINISTERING IP MULTICAST ROUTING
ADMINISTERING IPX ROUTING
Administering
associated with it. Each switching module has one IPX interface
IPX network address - The network administrator sets this 4-byte
Interfaces
When you define an interface, you define the interface’s IPX address
As shown in the following example, the current configuration is
system as well as IPX interface information
cost, format, and the associated IPX VLAN index
11-4 CHAPTER 11 ADMINISTERING IPX ROUTING
ipx interface modify
ipx interface remove
Administering
Routes
Hops - The number of routers that must be crossed to reach the
Tics - An estimate of how long it will take the packet to reach this
To display the contents of the routing table, from the Administration
Enter IPX address 0x45469f30 Enter Cost Enter Interface number
Enter node address 08-00-3e-22-15-78
ipx route remove
ipx route flush
Servers
Administering
server table using the Administration Console
Server Table servers are learned and if they are operational
1 From the Administration Console top-level menu, enter
ipx server remove
ipx server flush
Setting IPX
Forwarding
Setting the RIP
another when required. When you disable IPX forwarding, the system
Setting the
Enhanced RIP
11-12 CHAPTER 11 ADMINISTERING IPX ROUTING
Mode
Setting the SAP
Mode
2 Enter the SAP mode off, passive, or active. To use the value in
ipx sap
Displaying
Statistics
To display IPX summary statistics, from the Administration Console
IPX RIP statistics
Example below
Table 11-2 describers the IPX RIP statistics
ipx statistics rip
ipx statistics sap
Number of IPX SAP Responses that have been processed
Number of IPX SAP Requests that have been processed
SAP GNS Requests
IPX forwarding is enabled, RIP is active, SAP is active
NetBIOS Max Hops
Displaying Statistics
11-17
Number of IPX NetBIOS packets that exceeded the
Number of IPX packets forwarded by the IPX router
Number of IPX packets dropped due to IPX Network
Number of IPX packet dropped due to IPX Address
ADMINISTERING APPLETALK 12 ROUTING
This chapter describes how to set up your LANplex system to use the
AppleTalk protocol to route packets. For more information on how
AppleTalk routing works, see Chapter 7 Routing with AppleTalk
associated AppleTalk interface
You can configure a maximum of 32 interfaces per router
Administering
Interfaces
Configure seed interface? n,y y
appletalk interface display
appletalk interface define
You can enter up to 16 zone names per interface
appletalk interface remove
Administering
Routes
Protocol RTMP. RTMP defines 1 the rules for exchanging information
12-6 CHAPTER 12 ADMINISTERING APPLETALK ROUTING
appletalk route flush
statically-assigned 48-bit addresses used by Ethernet and token ring
12-8 CHAPTER 12 ADMINISTERING APPLETALK ROUTING
appletalk aarp display
At the Administration Console’s top-level menu, enter
appletalk aarp remove
appletalk aarp flush
Displaying the Zone Table
appletalk zone display network
appletalk zone display zone
Configuring Forwarding
Configuring Forwarding
Zone Table by Network Numbers
Zone Table by Zones
Configuring Checksum
Pinging an AppleTalk Node
Total number of packets received, including those with errors
Total number of packets forwarded, including those with errors
appletalk statistics ddp
data length was less than the data length specified in the DDP
Number of DDP datagrams which were dropped because of a
appletalk statistics rtmp
From the Administration Console top-level menu, enter
Displaying ZIP Information
To display ZIP statistics
appletalk statistics zip
Number of ZIP packets received that were rejected for any error
the zone invalid bit set because the corresponding GetNetInfo
outGniRequests
Number of times a conflict has been detected between this entity’s
Viewing Appletalk Statistics
12-17
Number of ZIP GetNetInfo reply packets sent out of this port
zone invalid bit set in response to a GetNetInfo request with an
Number of NBP packets received that were rejected for any error
Table 12-4 describes the NBP statistics you can view
REMOTE MONITORING RMON AND THE LANPLEX SYSTEM
Chapter 13 Remote Monitoring RMON Technology
REMOTE MONITORING RMON 13 TECHNOLOGY
An RMON implementation offers solutions to both of these problems
Table 13-1 lists these supported groups
13-2 CHAPTER 13 REMOTE MONITORING RMON TECHNOLOGY
implementing many probes in a large network can be high
Management
Information Base
Extended Switching System software as ASN.1 files
store data in the MIB
The displayed information includes these items
Alarms
statistics counters associated with it
instances of when counters exceed their set threshold
exceeds a preset threshold, the alarm reports this occurrence
Figure 13-3 Manually Set Thresholds
generates an alarm only under the following conditions
APPENDIX
Appendix A Technical Support
Services
TECHNICAL SUPPORT
On-line Technical
Access by Digital Modem
Support from
Your Network
Supplier
3Com
In the U.S. and Canada, call 800 876-3266 for customer service
to find your authorized service provider. Use one of these numbers
Support from
INDEX
Numerics
See also RIP See also SAP
Page
Page
See also FDDI station statistics
