How to Use This Book, Welcome to Macintosh

Preface

How to Use This Book

This book has several parts.

nChapter 1 explains how to set up your computer and learn how to use it.

nChapters 2–5 are a tutorial designed for people who have not used a Macintosh computer before. If you are new to the Macintosh, you should read this section of the book before you start your own work.

nChapters 6–14 contain reference information that will help you as you become more proficient with your computer. You can turn to these chapters for information about a particular topic.

nAt the back of the book you’ll find a troubleshooting section and an index.

Certain kinds of information are not included in this book.

nInformation about modems. If your computer has a built-in modem, or if you purchase one later, you receive a separate modem manual with instructions for its use.

nInformation about application programs. Your best source of information about a particular program is the set of books and disks that came with that program.

nTechnical specifications for your PowerBook model. These are on a separate sheet in the box with your computer.

Turn now to Chapter 1 to set up your new PowerBook computer.

Welcome to Macintosh.

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Apple 145B manual How to Use This Book, Welcome to Macintosh

Contents

Macintosh User’s Guide Apple Computer, Inc Contents Arranging your work space and equipment Choose a commandChapter Working on the Desktop Change the name of an icon Use the Trash ContentsOpen a document Change a document Save your work so far Make more changes Quit a program Part Setting Up Your Programs Using Disks 146 139141 Specifying which items you want opened at startup Other ways to use the LaserWriter Font Utility Printing the contents of a window or the desktopControlling background printing Working with fonts 184 Connecting to a shared disk Changing your password196 214 Using access privilegesAccess privilege strategies Setting Scsi ID numbers Making a window the active window Shift-click240 Moving, copying, and renaming an icon Using Caps Lock Typing special characters and symbols Appendix C MapInitializing a disk in MS-DOS format Xiv Radio and television interference Welcome to Macintosh How to Use This BookPage Setting Up Your Macintosh PowerBook Setting up the computer Plug in the power adapterPower adapter port Setting Up Your Macintosh PowerBook Slide the latch to the right and lift up the display Open the display Turn on the computer Power button Contrast control Brightness control Trouble? What to do next Microphone optional Reset buttonSpeaker Elevation feet Printer port ´ Interrupt button Backing up your hard disk Why back up? What you need Make the copy Click the appropriate choice, as follows Insert a high-density floppy disk into the disk driveInsert metal end first If something happens to your hard disk Off Turning the PowerBook on and offTo turn the PowerBook off Conserve power when you won’t be using it for several hours To put the PowerBook to sleep SleepAutomatic sleep To turn the PowerBook on When the PowerBook is on, you can do your workOn/off summary Trash icon An icon near the lower-right corner representing the Trash Press and release the reset button Restarting a computer that’s already onChoose Restart from the Special menu Restart from a floppy disk Hold down the power button for 5 seconds Take the Macintosh Basics tour first Adjust the screen brightness and contrast controlsLearning the basics Before you begin Starting the tour from the hard disk Finding the tour Continues Now your screen should look like the following illustration Hhh Hh h h After a moment, your screen should look like this Starting the tour from a floppy disk Hh h h Do not use the computer in or near water ± Warning Do not drop or jar the computer Do not touch the screen with any sharp or pointed objects Do not use the computer in wet or dusty environments Health concerns associated with computer use Repetitive stress injuries Change hand positions often to avoid fatigue Arranging your work space and equipmentChair Keyboard and trackball Built-in display Mouse General suggestions Page Working on the Desktop Point Use the trackball Click Press Drag Telling the Macintosh to do something involves two steps Choose a command Open an icon Click the startup hard disk icon to select itDots, indicating that it has been opened Look at the contents of a window Continues Make a window larger or smaller Active windowSize box Working on the Desktop Click the zoom box near the right end of the title bar Click the zoom box againZoom box Move the hidden contents of a window into view Scroll arrow Horizontal scroll bar Close box Close a windowClick the close box Scroll box Move a window Point to the title bar of the active Macintosh HD windowTitle bar Icons represent containers What’s on the desktop? Working on the Desktop Memo Windows let you see what’s inside containersMenus offer you choices Windows let you see what’s inside all these containers Modifier keys Arrow keysModifier keys Page How to switch between programs Why it’s important to save your work, and how to save itMake sure that your computer is on TeachText menus Open a programOpen the Macintosh HD icon Open the TeachText icon Choose Save from the File menu Create a documentSave your work You will be changing this text later in this chapter Switch programs Type Opening LinesClick Save Here is another way to make a program active Hh h Close the Opening Lines window Close a document Open a document Next step describes a different way to open an iconBecause most Macintosh programs work in similar ways Now you’re ready to change the text Change a document With people selected, type the words human beings Click the trackball button once Now you’ll rearrange some text Save regularly, and save often Save your work so far Taking a shortcut Make more changes With each other selected, type one another Hh h With togetherness selected, type brotherhood Quit a program Quitting a program Prompts you to save your work Make a copy of a documentClick the Opening Lines icon to select it To use memory Choose Duplicate from the File menu Change the name of an icon Use the Trash Press the Return keyPressing Return saves the new name Close the Trash window by clicking its close box Open the Trash iconChoose Empty Trash from the Special menu Click OK Working With Disks Working With Disks Insert a floppy diskDouble-sided 800K disk Second hole Floppy disks and hard disks Initialize a disk Read the message on your screenAnother dialog box appears Click Erase Third dialog box appearsType Practice Copy the contents of a disk Close all the windows on the Macintosh desktop Open the Practice folder icon Take a floppy disk out of its drive Protect the contents of a disk Lock the program disk On your own Install your programs Look for a System Folder in the program folder Throw away extra System Folders Learning More About Your Computer Choose Control Panels from the Apple K menu Open the Battery desk accessoryOpen the PowerBook control panel To open the PowerBook control panel Many Macintosh programs also have Balloon Help Open the PowerBook iconUse Balloon Help Turn on Balloon Help Turn off Balloon Help Click your hard disk icon to select itPoint to the File menu Start learning how to use your application programs Use Part III of this bookAt this point, you could Page Reminder Back up Reinstalling system software Installing your programs Installing programs without a floppy disk driveSetting Up Your Programs Press the Return key on your keyboard to continue Installing system software from floppy disks Insert the remaining disks as the computer prompts you Checking for computer viruses Finding out what programs are open If you give information to other computer users on disksOpen programs Hiding and showing windows on the desktop Switching programs Preferred size must always be larger than Minimum size Close the Info window Deleting items from the Scrapbook Using the ScrapbookStoring items in the Scrapbook Copying items from the Scrapbook Using a RAM disk Remember a few precautions if you use a RAM diskCreating a RAM disk Drag the slider to 0% if you want to remove the RAM disk Erasing a RAM diskResizing or removing a RAM disk Drag the items you want to the RAM disk icon Monitoring the battery charge level Using the Battery desk accessory101 What you should know Responding to low-power messagesBattery desk accessory appears What you should do Power adapter port Power Management Recharging the batteryRecharging with the power adapter Plug in the power adapter as shown Power Management Recharging with a recharger To recharge a battery, follow these steps Battery Hours Batteries Removing or replacing the batteryPlace the battery in the recharger as shown Door is physically attached to the battery Replacement batteries come with a door attached Maximizing battery life Ways to conserve battery power Maximizing work timeKeep virtual memory turned off in the Memory control panel Your computer’s printer or modem port is in use Adjusting the battery conservation settingsClose the PowerBook control panel Easiest approach System Hard disk Using the battery conservation optionsDon’t sleep when plugged More about automatic sleep To turn processor cycling back on, click Allow cycling Processor cycling Initializing a hard disk Preparing a new disk for use Using Disks Click Initialize Click Init to initialize the hard diskName Initializing a floppy disk Third message asks you to name the diskType a name for the disk Erasing a floppy disk Designating a startup diskClick the icon of the disk you want to erase Internal hard disk Protecting the information on a diskScanning order for startup disks Locking a floppy disk Locking a file Backing up your files Using PowerBook 145B Backup for the first time PowerBook 145B Backup program opensClick the appropriate button Hh h Using PowerBook 145B Backup to update your backup copy Unlock the disk labeled Insert the disk into the floppy disk driveClick the Continue button Locate the PowerBook 145B Restore icon Restoring the information on your hard diskMake sure your Macintosh is off Make sure you insert disks in the correct order Open the PowerBook 145B Restore icon by double- clicking itA moment you’ll see this screen Respond to any messages you see on the screen Restoring your System Folder If you can’t save files on a floppy disk Disk is ejected and its icon disappears from the desktop Ejecting a diskIf you can’t eject a floppy disk All three methods also work with CD-ROM discs If a hard disk icon doesn’t appear Testing and repairing disksHard disk precautions Caring for disks Using Disk First Aid Click Open Scsi ID number Testing a hard diskFor assistance if necessary Hard disk’s Straightening up your files Type a name for the folder and press Return Using folders to organize your filesCreating and naming folders Choose New Folder from the File menu Its contents Disk named above it Desktop, including other disksName for your Choose Make Alias from the File menu Making items easier to findCreating an alias Uses for aliases Click the Find Original button Installing an item in the Apple menuMoving an item to the desktop Locating the original of an alias Click the Find button Finding an itemFinding an item by name Choose Find from the File menu Finding an item using other criteria Search Type text or setDate here One at a time List view Indentation means that an item Outline Location for the search Ways to use the Find command Finding items that meet two criteriaItems found are shown highlighted in an outline view Creating a template or stationery Hhhh File’s Info window View menu Using the Info windowGet Info command displays information about a selected item Getting information about your files Using the View menu Assigning a label to a fileType of list displayed is underlined Tips on transferring files On floppy disksOn another hard disk 145 Adapting Your Computer to Your Own Use To have a program or a document open automatically when Installing an item in the Apple menuInstalling files in the System Folder Specifying which items you want opened at startup Removing files from the System Folder MacintoshDesktop Changing the items in the Label menu Setting the time and date Number Choose Alarm Clock from the Apple K menu Changing time and date formats Turning the alarm off Changing the date format Dialog box that appears, make the changes you wantClick OK to close the control panel Make the changes you want Changing the time format Make the changes that you want Close the control panel Type the currency symbol here To place the currency Click the double-clicking speed you want Adjusting the way the trackball or mouse works Keyboard layout you want to use For the delay you wantDown, click the button for the rate you want Button, the keys don’t repeat at all Sticky Keys Key has been Adjusting the keyboard for very slow typingMaking keyboard shortcuts easier to type Modifier Click the button for the blinking rate you want Adjusting the blinking of a menu item Changing the way the contents of windows appear Select the picture you want to use for the icon Changing an icon You can turn off this warning in the Trash’s Info box Turning off the Empty Trash warning Remember the following tips on memory management Managing memoryChecking memory use Making the most of your memory Adjusting the disk cache Virtual memory Using hard disk space as memoryMacintosh HD Total memory includes Turning on 32-bit addressing Close the Sound control panel Setting the beep soundDrag the slider up or down to set the volume Click the beep sound that you want your computer to use Removing a sound Installing a sound Your computer Recording sounds Type a name for the sound, and click OK Changing the background pattern Continues To save the new pattern, double-click the sample pattern Magnifying the screen image To turn CloseView on or off, press x-Option-O On or off Before you print Choosing a printer173 Printing If your printer is connected directly to your computerIf your printer is connected over a network Close the Chooser window Network that has zones Choose Chooser from the Apple K menuClick the icon of the printer you want to use Close the Chooser Selecting Page Setup options Printed copy as aPercentage Select enhancements Original’s hsize Easy Install dialog box appears Updating printer software on networked computersMake sure that the hard disk indicated is the correct one Paper-feed Printing your workChoose Print from the File menu Printer software available Printing the contents of a window or the desktop Solutions to common printing problems Check the cable connections to the printerMake sure that the printer is turned on and warmed up Controlling background printing Outline fonts and bitmap fonts Working with fonts Installing fonts Removing fonts Transferring fonts to a LaserWriter printerLocate and open the LaserWriter Font Utility icon To the printer Choose Download Fonts from the File menuClick Done Printer or its hard disk Click Initialize Finding out about available fontsOther ways to use the LaserWriter Font Utility Initializing a hard disk attached to a printer Turning the printer’s start page on or off Restarting a LaserWriter printer Type a name for the log, and then click Save Transferring a PostScript file to a LaserWriter 189 What networking offers Using Your Computer on a Network Setting up your computer on a network Connecting to a network Turning on AppleTalkPrinter port Icon Naming your computer and its owner Close the Sharing Setup control panel AppleShare icon Connecting to a shared disk You are not Click the name of the computer you want to useClick OK Click Guest or Registered User Capitalization does not need to match Disconnecting from a shared disk Click the name of a shared disk to select itIcon of the shared disk appears on your desktop These Connecting quickly to a shared diskConnecting automatically when you start up Connect to a shared disk Click OK Close the Chooser Changing your passwordWorking with files and folders on other computers Creating a new folder on another computer Click here to change Your passwordBullet appears for each letter you type Click OK Click OK in the dialog box that appears User or group that you named assumes ownership immediately Sharing your own filesGiving folder ownership to someone else How file sharing works Open the Guest icon Turning on guest accessTurning file sharing on Section labeled File Sharing, click the Start button Close the window and click Save in the box that appears Selecting a folder or disk to share Any shared folder or disk can be made private again Taking back a shared folder or disk Naming a registered user Type the name of a person you want to registerTo register more users, repeat steps 2 Close the window, and then click Save in the dialog box Setting a registered user’s passwordType a password in the User Password box, then press Tab Naming a group of users You don’t need to include the Guest icon in any group Seeing who’s in a groupDrag user icons to the new group icon To see the names of all group members, open the group icon Close the window and click Save in the dialog box Selecting a user or group to share a folder or disk To deny access to guests, open the Guest icon Removing a user or group from your list of registered users Removing a user from a group Turning file sharing off Giving away ownership of a folder or disk on your computer Monitoring file-sharing activity Section labeled File Sharing, click the Stop buttonTo turn file sharing off immediately, type the number Gaining access to your computer from another computer Disconnecting someone who is connected to your computer Open the owner icon the one with the bold outline Understanding access privileges Using access privileges Select a folder or disk Choose Sharing from the File menu Setting access privileges to folders and disksThere are three types of access to shared items See Files allows people to see, open, and copy files Access privilege strategies Choose a registered user or group to share the item withTo prevent the folder from being changed, place an Using Your Computer on a Network Plain tab indicates that you can open and use the folder Checking your access privilegesFolder Using Your Computer on a Network Working with privileges that others have set Select the program you want to link to Linking programsLinking to a program on another computer You can only link to programs that are shared Then you make a program available for linking by sharing it Disconnecting a program linkAllowing other people to link to your programs Two programs are now linked If the box is dimmed, the program does not support linking Turning program linking onSelecting a program for linking Open the program Naming specific users to link to your programs Allowing guests to link to your programs Using Scsi devices Scsi port on Macintosh PowerBook computers looks like thisScsi port Scsi port icon 223 Installing software Setting Scsi ID numbersExpanding Your Computer System Check the ID numbers of all the devices you want to connect Small hole gives you access to the ID number switchID number indicator ID number switch Make sure the Scsi device is turned off Checking that the Scsi chain is properly terminated If you are attaching one Scsi deviceIf you are attaching more than one Scsi device Terminator Connecting cablesIllustration shows where to add cable terminators Repeat for each additional device you want to connect External modem is ready to use Connecting a modemConnect the modem to a power source and to the phone line See the documentation that came with the modem Connecting a mouse or other ADB device Connecting a printer Open the door covering the back panel of your computer Connecting a microphoneDecide where you want to place the microphone Sound output devices Adding memory to your computer Traveling with the PowerBook Do not check your computer as baggage. Carry it with you233 Storing the PowerBook Short-term storage up to 2 weeksStore the computer in a cool, dry place Long-term storage more than 2 weeks Service and supportIf the PowerBook malfunctions or is damaged Plug in the power adapter or use the recharger Canada How to get helpApple Computer, Inc Apple Canada, Inc Customer Relations Mariani Avenue Apple Technical Library For more information about Macintosh computersMacintosh user groups Technical information Assistance for hardware and software developers Apda Selecting icons Double-clickShift-click Working with icons Making a window the active window Working with windowsOpening an icon Moving, copying, and renaming an icon Opening higher-level folder windows Scrolling through the contents of a window From here Using the outline form in list viewsWorking with menus Menu bar you Choosing an item from a menu Choosing an item from a submenuTo choose an item in a submenu Selects the next item in the direction of the arrow KeyAction PowerBook Troubleshooting Computer just stopped Battery is draining too fast Power Battery can’t be recharged Screen looks blurred or out of focus Screen Scsi devices Memory See for more information about working with Scsi devices Disk drives and disks Hard disk keeps stopping and starting again You can’t delete a file on a floppy disk Modems PrintersPrinter may be turned off. Turn it on Network printer keeps restarting Networks You can’t open a shared disk or folder Application programs Message says that a program could not be found 259 Outlined button Using Caps Lock To turn Caps Lock on or off, press the Caps Lock keyAppendix a Keyboard and Character Sets Characters AvailableOption-c Initializing a disk in MS-DOS format Insert a blank disk into your floppy disk drive263 Type a name for the disk, and then click OK Choose Quit from the File menuAppendix B Exchanging Disks and Files With MS-DOS Computers Title or disk Converting files to and from MS-DOS formatMenus Directory Click Translate Pull down the translation menu you want Dimmed when this Other file-conversion optionsItem is checked 269 Setting your location Comparing locations Click the Set buttonYour current location is indicated by a blinking cross Finding a location Click the Add City button Adding or removing a locationAdding a location Changing or removing a locationPage Apple Technical Library Apple II ProDOS file format 263 About This Macintosh command 161, 164 Accent marks, typingAmplifiers Pulling down Arrow keys 53, 244 PowerBook 145B Restore program 8, 119Battery Conservation settings 87, 109-112, 248 Application menu Safety instructions Control panels248 Beep sound Blinking rate Dragging an object on Files without a floppy disk drive 92 iconsDelete key 57, 259 deleting Desktop Extras folder Adjusting speed of 154 icons 62, 96 selecting text byErgonomics. See comfort tips error messages Converting to and from stationery Program versus document 51-52 RAM disk Sharing command 199, 201-202, 206, 209209 Changing your password 197-198 Backing up 8-12 Closing 60 186-188 FinderAliases for Font menu Fonts Caring for PasswordsInstalling programs on 78-79, 82-83, 92 Overview 51 Folder ownership Types of 50-52 ID numbers. See Scsi ID numbers ImageWriter Adjusting blinking of 157 positioningInstalling Key Caps desk accessory 186, 260-261 kilobyte K Memory RAM virtual memory adding Background printing with 181 choosing ConnectingMacintosh desktop computer, connecting to Setup options for 176 printing on 178-179 restarting 212-213 Accessing your own computerModems Mouse control panel 154 moving Icons 135, 240 text Power adapter port 2 PowerBook 145B Backup program 6 Network administrator 190, 193, 197, 198 Network iconSetup options 176-178, 180 passwords Changing your own 197-198, 212-213 troubleshooting Typing Disconnecting Hard disk sleep adjustment 110, 111, 248System sleep adjustment 110, 111, 248 Installing 174 Adding Installing without a floppy disk drive 92 linkingQuit command RAM. See random-access memory RAM RAM disk Opening 56 Scroll bars Save As command 133 Save command 57-58, 66, 140 savingRegistered user System Folder items Network Connecting 227Setting up computer 1-6. See also peripheral devices Scsi icon 223 Startup disk Software drivers 224Speakers 7 Special characters, typing Special menu From floppy disks System failures 247System Folder. See also folders On program disks On startup disk 83, 91Translator files 263 Undo command 258 unlocking Files Application programs 92, 257-258 batteryModems Networks 212, 254, 255, 256-257 passwords Automatically connecting to a shared disk Hiding and showing program 96 moving 49-50 Finding lost Apple Publishing System