Macintosh User’s Guide
Apple Computer, Inc
Contents
Choose a command
Chapter
Working on the Desktop
Arranging your work space and equipment
Contents
Open a document Change a document Save your work so far
Make more changes Quit a program
Change the name of an icon Use the Trash
Setting Up Your Programs
Part
Using Disks
139
141
Specifying which items you want opened at startup
146
Printing the contents of a window or the desktop
Controlling background printing Working with fonts
184
Other ways to use the LaserWriter Font Utility
Changing your password
Connecting to a shared disk
196
Using access privileges
Access privilege strategies
Setting Scsi ID numbers
214
Shift-click
240
Moving, copying, and renaming an icon
Making a window the active window
Appendix C Map
Using Caps Lock Typing special characters and symbols
Initializing a disk in MS-DOS format
Radio and television interference
Xiv
How to Use This Book
Welcome to Macintosh
Page
Setting Up Your Macintosh PowerBook
Plug in the power adapter
Setting up the computer
Power adapter port Setting Up Your Macintosh PowerBook
Open the display
Slide the latch to the right and lift up the display
Power button
Turn on the computer
Trouble?
Contrast control Brightness control
What to do next
Reset button
Speaker Elevation feet Printer port
´ Interrupt button
Microphone optional
Why back up?
Backing up your hard disk
What you need
Make the copy
Insert a high-density floppy disk into the disk drive
Click the appropriate choice, as follows
Insert metal end first
If something happens to your hard disk
Turning the PowerBook on and off
To turn the PowerBook off
Conserve power when you won’t be using it for several hours
Off
Sleep
To put the PowerBook to sleep
Automatic sleep
When the PowerBook is on, you can do your work
To turn the PowerBook on
On/off summary
An icon near the lower-right corner representing the Trash
Trash icon
Restarting a computer that’s already on
Press and release the reset button
Choose Restart from the Special menu
Hold down the power button for 5 seconds
Restart from a floppy disk
Adjust the screen brightness and contrast controls
Learning the basics
Before you begin
Take the Macintosh Basics tour first
Finding the tour
Starting the tour from the hard disk
Continues
Hhh
Now your screen should look like the following illustration
Hh h h
Starting the tour from a floppy disk
After a moment, your screen should look like this
Hh h h
± Warning
Do not use the computer in or near water
Do not drop or jar the computer
Do not use the computer in wet or dusty environments
Do not touch the screen with any sharp or pointed objects
Health concerns associated with computer use
Repetitive stress injuries
Arranging your work space and equipment
Chair
Keyboard and trackball
Change hand positions often to avoid fatigue
Mouse
Built-in display
General suggestions
Page
Working on the Desktop
Use the trackball
Point
Click
Press
Drag
Choose a command
Telling the Macintosh to do something involves two steps
Click the startup hard disk icon to select it
Open an icon
Dots, indicating that it has been opened
Look at the contents of a window
Continues
Active window
Make a window larger or smaller
Size box Working on the Desktop
Click the zoom box again
Click the zoom box near the right end of the title bar
Zoom box
Move the hidden contents of a window into view
Horizontal scroll bar
Scroll arrow
Close a window
Click the close box
Scroll box
Close box
Point to the title bar of the active Macintosh HD window
Move a window
Title bar
What’s on the desktop?
Icons represent containers
Working on the Desktop
Windows let you see what’s inside containers
Menus offer you choices
Windows let you see what’s inside all these containers
Memo
Arrow keys
Modifier keys
Modifier keys
Page
Why it’s important to save your work, and how to save it
How to switch between programs
Make sure that your computer is on
Open a program
Open the Macintosh HD icon
Open the TeachText icon
TeachText menus
Create a document
Save your work
You will be changing this text later in this chapter
Choose Save from the File menu
Type Opening Lines
Switch programs
Click Save
Hh h
Here is another way to make a program active
Close a document
Close the Opening Lines window
Next step describes a different way to open an icon
Open a document
Because most Macintosh programs work in similar ways
Change a document
Now you’re ready to change the text
Click the trackball button once
With people selected, type the words human beings
Now you’ll rearrange some text
Save your work so far
Save regularly, and save often
Make more changes
Taking a shortcut
Hh h
With each other selected, type one another
Quit a program
With togetherness selected, type brotherhood
Make a copy of a document
Click the Opening Lines icon to select it
To use memory
Quitting a program Prompts you to save your work
Change the name of an icon
Choose Duplicate from the File menu
Press the Return key
Use the Trash
Pressing Return saves the new name
Open the Trash icon
Choose Empty Trash from the Special menu
Click OK
Close the Trash window by clicking its close box
Working With Disks
Insert a floppy disk
Double-sided 800K disk
Second hole
Working With Disks
Floppy disks and hard disks
Read the message on your screen
Initialize a disk
Another dialog box appears
Third dialog box appears
Click Erase
Type Practice
Copy the contents of a disk
Open the Practice folder icon
Close all the windows on the Macintosh desktop
Take a floppy disk out of its drive
Protect the contents of a disk
On your own Install your programs
Lock the program disk
Throw away extra System Folders
Look for a System Folder in the program folder
Learning More About Your Computer
Open the Battery desk accessory
Open the PowerBook control panel
To open the PowerBook control panel
Choose Control Panels from the Apple K menu
Open the PowerBook icon
Use Balloon Help
Turn on Balloon Help
Many Macintosh programs also have Balloon Help
Click your hard disk icon to select it
Turn off Balloon Help
Point to the File menu
Use Part III of this book
Start learning how to use your application programs
At this point, you could
Page
Reinstalling system software
Reminder Back up
Installing programs without a floppy disk drive
Installing your programs
Setting Up Your Programs
Installing system software from floppy disks
Press the Return key on your keyboard to continue
Checking for computer viruses
Insert the remaining disks as the computer prompts you
If you give information to other computer users on disks
Finding out what programs are open
Open programs
Switching programs
Hiding and showing windows on the desktop
Close the Info window
Preferred size must always be larger than Minimum size
Using the Scrapbook
Storing items in the Scrapbook
Copying items from the Scrapbook
Deleting items from the Scrapbook
Remember a few precautions if you use a RAM disk
Using a RAM disk
Creating a RAM disk
Erasing a RAM disk
Resizing or removing a RAM disk
Drag the items you want to the RAM disk icon
Drag the slider to 0% if you want to remove the RAM disk
Using the Battery desk accessory
Monitoring the battery charge level
101
Responding to low-power messages
Battery desk accessory appears
What you should do
What you should know
Recharging the battery
Recharging with the power adapter
Plug in the power adapter as shown
Power adapter port Power Management
Power Management
To recharge a battery, follow these steps
Recharging with a recharger
Removing or replacing the battery
Place the battery in the recharger as shown
Door is physically attached to the battery
Battery Hours Batteries
Replacement batteries come with a door attached
Maximizing battery life
Maximizing work time
Ways to conserve battery power
Keep virtual memory turned off in the Memory control panel
Adjusting the battery conservation settings
Close the PowerBook control panel
Easiest approach
Your computer’s printer or modem port is in use
Using the battery conservation options
Don’t sleep when plugged
More about automatic sleep
System Hard disk
Processor cycling
To turn processor cycling back on, click Allow cycling
Preparing a new disk for use
Initializing a hard disk
Click Initialize Click Init to initialize the hard disk
Using Disks
Name
Third message asks you to name the disk
Initializing a floppy disk
Type a name for the disk
Designating a startup disk
Erasing a floppy disk
Click the icon of the disk you want to erase
Protecting the information on a disk
Scanning order for startup disks
Locking a floppy disk
Internal hard disk
Locking a file
Backing up your files
PowerBook 145B Backup program opens
Using PowerBook 145B Backup for the first time
Click the appropriate button
Using PowerBook 145B Backup to update your backup copy
Hh h
Insert the disk into the floppy disk drive
Unlock the disk labeled
Click the Continue button
Restoring the information on your hard disk
Locate the PowerBook 145B Restore icon
Make sure your Macintosh is off
Open the PowerBook 145B Restore icon by double- clicking it
A moment you’ll see this screen
Respond to any messages you see on the screen
Make sure you insert disks in the correct order
If you can’t save files on a floppy disk
Restoring your System Folder
Ejecting a disk
If you can’t eject a floppy disk
All three methods also work with CD-ROM discs
Disk is ejected and its icon disappears from the desktop
Testing and repairing disks
Hard disk precautions
Caring for disks
If a hard disk icon doesn’t appear
Using Disk First Aid
Click Open
Testing a hard disk
For assistance if necessary
Hard disk’s
Scsi ID number
Straightening up your files
Using folders to organize your files
Creating and naming folders
Choose New Folder from the File menu
Type a name for the folder and press Return
Disk named above it Desktop, including other disks
Its contents
Name for your
Making items easier to find
Creating an alias
Uses for aliases
Choose Make Alias from the File menu
Installing an item in the Apple menu
Moving an item to the desktop
Locating the original of an alias
Click the Find Original button
Finding an item
Finding an item by name
Choose Find from the File menu
Click the Find button
Search Type text or set
Finding an item using other criteria
Date here One at a time
Location for the search
List view Indentation means that an item Outline
Finding items that meet two criteria
Ways to use the Find command
Items found are shown highlighted in an outline view
Hhhh
Creating a template or stationery
Using the Info window
Get Info command displays information about a selected item
Getting information about your files
File’s Info window View menu
Assigning a label to a file
Using the View menu
Type of list displayed is underlined
On floppy disks
Tips on transferring files
On another hard disk
Adapting Your Computer to Your Own Use
145
Installing an item in the Apple menu
Installing files in the System Folder
Specifying which items you want opened at startup
To have a program or a document open automatically when
Macintosh
Removing files from the System Folder
Desktop
Setting the time and date
Changing the items in the Label menu
Choose Alarm Clock from the Apple K menu
Number
Turning the alarm off
Changing time and date formats
Dialog box that appears, make the changes you want
Changing the date format
Click OK to close the control panel
Changing the time format
Make the changes you want
Type the currency symbol here To place the currency
Make the changes that you want Close the control panel
Adjusting the way the trackball or mouse works
Click the double-clicking speed you want
For the delay you want
Down, click the button for the rate you want
Button, the keys don’t repeat at all
Keyboard layout you want to use
Adjusting the keyboard for very slow typing
Making keyboard shortcuts easier to type
Modifier
Sticky Keys Key has been
Adjusting the blinking of a menu item
Click the button for the blinking rate you want
Changing the way the contents of windows appear
Changing an icon
Select the picture you want to use for the icon
Turning off the Empty Trash warning
You can turn off this warning in the Trash’s Info box
Managing memory
Checking memory use
Making the most of your memory
Remember the following tips on memory management
Adjusting the disk cache
Using hard disk space as memory
Macintosh HD
Total memory includes
Virtual memory
Turning on 32-bit addressing
Setting the beep sound
Drag the slider up or down to set the volume
Click the beep sound that you want your computer to use
Close the Sound control panel
Installing a sound
Removing a sound
Recording sounds
Your computer
Changing the background pattern
Type a name for the sound, and click OK
Continues
Magnifying the screen image
To save the new pattern, double-click the sample pattern
To turn CloseView on or off, press x-Option-O
On or off
Choosing a printer
Before you print
173
If your printer is connected directly to your computer
If your printer is connected over a network
Close the Chooser window
Printing
Choose Chooser from the Apple K menu
Click the icon of the printer you want to use
Close the Chooser
Network that has zones
Printed copy as a
Selecting Page Setup options
Percentage Select enhancements Original’s hsize
Updating printer software on networked computers
Easy Install dialog box appears
Make sure that the hard disk indicated is the correct one
Printing your work
Choose Print from the File menu
Printer software available
Paper-feed
Printing the contents of a window or the desktop
Check the cable connections to the printer
Solutions to common printing problems
Make sure that the printer is turned on and warmed up
Controlling background printing
Working with fonts
Outline fonts and bitmap fonts
Installing fonts
Transferring fonts to a LaserWriter printer
Removing fonts
Locate and open the LaserWriter Font Utility icon
Choose Download Fonts from the File menu
Click Done
Printer or its hard disk
To the printer
Finding out about available fonts
Other ways to use the LaserWriter Font Utility
Initializing a hard disk attached to a printer
Click Initialize
Restarting a LaserWriter printer
Turning the printer’s start page on or off
Transferring a PostScript file to a LaserWriter
Type a name for the log, and then click Save
What networking offers
189
Setting up your computer on a network
Using Your Computer on a Network
Turning on AppleTalk
Connecting to a network
Printer port Icon
Close the Sharing Setup control panel
Naming your computer and its owner
Connecting to a shared disk
AppleShare icon
Click the name of the computer you want to use
Click OK Click Guest or Registered User
Capitalization does not need to match
You are not
Click the name of a shared disk to select it
Disconnecting from a shared disk
Icon of the shared disk appears on your desktop
Connecting quickly to a shared disk
Connecting automatically when you start up
Connect to a shared disk
These
Changing your password
Working with files and folders on other computers
Creating a new folder on another computer
Click OK Close the Chooser
Your password
Bullet appears for each letter you type
Click OK Click OK in the dialog box that appears
Click here to change
Sharing your own files
Giving folder ownership to someone else
How file sharing works
User or group that you named assumes ownership immediately
Turning on guest access
Turning file sharing on
Section labeled File Sharing, click the Start button
Open the Guest icon
Selecting a folder or disk to share
Close the window and click Save in the box that appears
Taking back a shared folder or disk
Any shared folder or disk can be made private again
Type the name of a person you want to register
Naming a registered user
To register more users, repeat steps 2
Setting a registered user’s password
Type a password in the User Password box, then press Tab
Naming a group of users
Close the window, and then click Save in the dialog box
Seeing who’s in a group
Drag user icons to the new group icon
To see the names of all group members, open the group icon
You don’t need to include the Guest icon in any group
Selecting a user or group to share a folder or disk
Close the window and click Save in the dialog box
To deny access to guests, open the Guest icon
Removing a user from a group
Removing a user or group from your list of registered users
Giving away ownership of a folder or disk on your computer
Turning file sharing off
Section labeled File Sharing, click the Stop button
Monitoring file-sharing activity
To turn file sharing off immediately, type the number
Disconnecting someone who is connected to your computer
Gaining access to your computer from another computer
Open the owner icon the one with the bold outline
Using access privileges
Understanding access privileges
Setting access privileges to folders and disks
There are three types of access to shared items
See Files allows people to see, open, and copy files
Select a folder or disk Choose Sharing from the File menu
Choose a registered user or group to share the item with
Access privilege strategies
To prevent the folder from being changed, place an
Using Your Computer on a Network
Checking your access privileges
Folder Using Your Computer on a Network
Working with privileges that others have set
Plain tab indicates that you can open and use the folder
Linking programs
Linking to a program on another computer
You can only link to programs that are shared
Select the program you want to link to
Disconnecting a program link
Allowing other people to link to your programs
Two programs are now linked
Then you make a program available for linking by sharing it
Turning program linking on
Selecting a program for linking
Open the program
If the box is dimmed, the program does not support linking
Allowing guests to link to your programs
Naming specific users to link to your programs
Scsi port on Macintosh PowerBook computers looks like this
Using Scsi devices
Scsi port Scsi port icon 223
Setting Scsi ID numbers
Installing software
Expanding Your Computer System
Small hole gives you access to the ID number switch
ID number indicator ID number switch
Make sure the Scsi device is turned off
Check the ID numbers of all the devices you want to connect
If you are attaching one Scsi device
Checking that the Scsi chain is properly terminated
If you are attaching more than one Scsi device
Connecting cables
Illustration shows where to add cable terminators
Repeat for each additional device you want to connect
Terminator
Connecting a modem
Connect the modem to a power source and to the phone line
See the documentation that came with the modem
External modem is ready to use
Connecting a printer
Connecting a mouse or other ADB device
Connecting a microphone
Decide where you want to place the microphone
Sound output devices
Open the door covering the back panel of your computer
Adding memory to your computer
Do not check your computer as baggage. Carry it with you
Traveling with the PowerBook
233
Short-term storage up to 2 weeks
Storing the PowerBook
Store the computer in a cool, dry place
Service and support
If the PowerBook malfunctions or is damaged
Plug in the power adapter or use the recharger
Long-term storage more than 2 weeks
How to get help
Apple Computer, Inc Apple Canada, Inc Customer Relations
Mariani Avenue
Canada
For more information about Macintosh computers
Macintosh user groups
Technical information
Apple Technical Library
Apda
Assistance for hardware and software developers
Double-click
Shift-click
Working with icons
Selecting icons
Working with windows
Opening an icon
Moving, copying, and renaming an icon
Making a window the active window
Scrolling through the contents of a window
Opening higher-level folder windows
Using the outline form in list views
Working with menus
Menu bar you
From here
Choosing an item from a submenu
Choosing an item from a menu
To choose an item in a submenu
KeyAction
Selects the next item in the direction of the arrow
Troubleshooting
PowerBook
Computer just stopped
Power
Battery is draining too fast
Battery can’t be recharged
Screen
Screen looks blurred or out of focus
Memory
Scsi devices
Disk drives and disks
See for more information about working with Scsi devices
Hard disk keeps stopping and starting again
You can’t delete a file on a floppy disk
Printers
Modems
Printer may be turned off. Turn it on
Network printer keeps restarting
Networks
Application programs
You can’t open a shared disk or folder
Message says that a program could not be found
Outlined button
259
To turn Caps Lock on or off, press the Caps Lock key
Using Caps Lock
Appendix a Keyboard and Character Sets
Available
Characters
Option-c
Insert a blank disk into your floppy disk drive
Initializing a disk in MS-DOS format
263
Choose Quit from the File menu
Type a name for the disk, and then click OK
Appendix B Exchanging Disks and Files With MS-DOS Computers
Converting files to and from MS-DOS format
Menus
Directory
Title or disk
Pull down the translation menu you want
Click Translate
Other file-conversion options
Dimmed when this
Item is checked
Setting your location
269
Click the Set button
Comparing locations
Your current location is indicated by a blinking cross
Finding a location
Adding or removing a location
Adding a location
Changing or removing a location
Click the Add City button
Page
About This Macintosh command 161, 164 Accent marks, typing
Amplifiers
Pulling down
Apple Technical Library Apple II ProDOS file format 263
PowerBook 145B Restore program 8, 119
Battery Conservation settings 87, 109-112, 248
Application menu
Arrow keys 53, 244
Control panels
Safety instructions
248 Beep sound Blinking rate
Files without a floppy disk drive 92 icons
Delete key 57, 259 deleting
Desktop
Dragging an object on
Adjusting speed of 154 icons 62, 96 selecting text by
Ergonomics. See comfort tips error messages
Converting to and from stationery
Extras folder
Sharing command 199, 201-202, 206, 209
209 Changing your password 197-198
Backing up 8-12 Closing 60
Program versus document 51-52 RAM disk
Finder
Aliases for
Font menu Fonts
186-188
Passwords
Installing programs on 78-79, 82-83, 92 Overview 51
Folder ownership
Caring for
Adjusting blinking of 157 positioning
Installing
Key Caps desk accessory 186, 260-261 kilobyte K
Types of 50-52 ID numbers. See Scsi ID numbers ImageWriter
Background printing with 181 choosing Connecting
Macintosh desktop computer, connecting to
Setup options for 176 printing on 178-179 restarting
Memory RAM virtual memory adding
Accessing your own computer
Modems
Mouse control panel 154 moving Icons 135, 240 text
212-213
Network administrator 190, 193, 197, 198 Network icon
Setup options 176-178, 180 passwords
Changing your own 197-198, 212-213 troubleshooting Typing
Power adapter port 2 PowerBook 145B Backup program 6
Hard disk sleep adjustment 110, 111, 248
System sleep adjustment 110, 111, 248
Installing 174
Disconnecting
Installing without a floppy disk drive 92 linking
Quit command RAM. See random-access memory RAM RAM disk
Opening 56
Adding
Save As command 133 Save command 57-58, 66, 140 saving
Registered user
System Folder items
Scroll bars
Connecting 227
Setting up computer 1-6. See also peripheral devices
Scsi icon 223
Network
Software drivers 224
Speakers 7 Special characters, typing Special menu
From floppy disks
Startup disk
On program disks On startup disk 83, 91
System failures 247System Folder. See also folders
Translator files 263
Application programs 92, 257-258 battery
Modems Networks 212, 254, 255, 256-257 passwords
Automatically connecting to a shared disk
Undo command 258 unlocking Files
Finding lost
Hiding and showing program 96 moving 49-50
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