Reinstalling system software, Reminder Back up

Chapter 6

Setting Up Your Programs

In this chapter

mReinstalling system software

mInstalling your programs

mWorking with several programs at a time

mUsing the Scrapbook

mUsing a RAM disk

Reminder: Back up

If you didn’t back up your computer’s hard disk as described in Chapter 1, remember to do so soon. You will need the backup copy if you ever need to reinstall system software.

Reinstalling system software

System software is the set of programs and other files that your computer uses to start itself up, keep track of your files, and run the application programs you use. When you turn on your computer, it looks for a disk that contains the system software, which is always in a folder called the System Folder. Any disk that contains a System Folder with system software inside it is a startup disk. The startup disk is usually the hard disk that’s inside your computer, though another hard disk or a floppy disk can also be a startup disk.

If your Macintosh cannot find a startup disk, it displays this icon in the middle of the screen:

If you see this icon, you need to reinstall system software on your computer’s internal hard disk from a backup copy. See the section on restoring information on your hard disk in Chapter 8.

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Apple 145B manual Reinstalling system software, Reminder Back up

Contents

Macintosh User’s Guide Apple Computer, Inc Contents Working on the Desktop Choose a commandChapter Arranging your work space and equipment Make more changes Quit a program ContentsOpen a document Change a document Save your work so far Change the name of an icon Use the Trash Setting Up Your Programs Part Using Disks Specifying which items you want opened at startup 139141 146 184 Printing the contents of a window or the desktopControlling background printing Working with fonts Other ways to use the LaserWriter Font Utility Changing your password Connecting to a shared disk196 Setting Scsi ID numbers Using access privilegesAccess privilege strategies 214 Moving, copying, and renaming an icon Shift-click240 Making a window the active window Appendix C Map Using Caps Lock Typing special characters and symbolsInitializing a disk in MS-DOS format Radio and television interference Xiv How to Use This Book Welcome to MacintoshPage Setting Up Your Macintosh PowerBook Plug in the power adapter Setting up the computerPower adapter port Setting Up Your Macintosh PowerBook Open the display Slide the latch to the right and lift up the display Power button Turn on the computer Trouble? Contrast control Brightness control What to do next ´ Interrupt button Reset buttonSpeaker Elevation feet Printer port Microphone optional Why back up? Backing up your hard disk What you need Make the copy Insert a high-density floppy disk into the disk drive Click the appropriate choice, as followsInsert metal end first If something happens to your hard disk Conserve power when you won’t be using it for several hours Turning the PowerBook on and offTo turn the PowerBook off Off Sleep To put the PowerBook to sleepAutomatic sleep When the PowerBook is on, you can do your work To turn the PowerBook onOn/off summary An icon near the lower-right corner representing the Trash Trash icon Restarting a computer that’s already on Press and release the reset buttonChoose Restart from the Special menu Hold down the power button for 5 seconds Restart from a floppy disk Before you begin Adjust the screen brightness and contrast controlsLearning the basics Take the Macintosh Basics tour first Finding the tour Starting the tour from the hard disk Continues Hhh Now your screen should look like the following illustration Hh h h Starting the tour from a floppy disk After a moment, your screen should look like this Hh h h ± Warning Do not use the computer in or near water Do not drop or jar the computer Do not use the computer in wet or dusty environments Do not touch the screen with any sharp or pointed objects Health concerns associated with computer use Repetitive stress injuries Keyboard and trackball Arranging your work space and equipmentChair Change hand positions often to avoid fatigue Mouse Built-in display General suggestions Page Working on the Desktop Use the trackball Point Click Press Drag Choose a command Telling the Macintosh to do something involves two steps Click the startup hard disk icon to select it Open an iconDots, indicating that it has been opened Look at the contents of a window Continues Active window Make a window larger or smallerSize box Working on the Desktop Click the zoom box again Click the zoom box near the right end of the title barZoom box Move the hidden contents of a window into view Horizontal scroll bar Scroll arrow Scroll box Close a windowClick the close box Close box Point to the title bar of the active Macintosh HD window Move a windowTitle bar What’s on the desktop? Icons represent containers Working on the Desktop Windows let you see what’s inside all these containers Windows let you see what’s inside containersMenus offer you choices Memo Arrow keys Modifier keysModifier keys Page Why it’s important to save your work, and how to save it How to switch between programsMake sure that your computer is on Open the TeachText icon Open a programOpen the Macintosh HD icon TeachText menus You will be changing this text later in this chapter Create a documentSave your work Choose Save from the File menu Type Opening Lines Switch programsClick Save Hh h Here is another way to make a program active Close a document Close the Opening Lines window Next step describes a different way to open an icon Open a documentBecause most Macintosh programs work in similar ways Change a document Now you’re ready to change the text Click the trackball button once With people selected, type the words human beings Now you’ll rearrange some text Save your work so far Save regularly, and save often Make more changes Taking a shortcut Hh h With each other selected, type one another Quit a program With togetherness selected, type brotherhood To use memory Make a copy of a documentClick the Opening Lines icon to select it Quitting a program Prompts you to save your work Change the name of an icon Choose Duplicate from the File menu Press the Return key Use the TrashPressing Return saves the new name Click OK Open the Trash iconChoose Empty Trash from the Special menu Close the Trash window by clicking its close box Working With Disks Second hole Insert a floppy diskDouble-sided 800K disk Working With Disks Floppy disks and hard disks Read the message on your screen Initialize a diskAnother dialog box appears Third dialog box appears Click EraseType Practice Copy the contents of a disk Open the Practice folder icon Close all the windows on the Macintosh desktop Take a floppy disk out of its drive Protect the contents of a disk On your own Install your programs Lock the program disk Throw away extra System Folders Look for a System Folder in the program folder Learning More About Your Computer To open the PowerBook control panel Open the Battery desk accessoryOpen the PowerBook control panel Choose Control Panels from the Apple K menu Turn on Balloon Help Open the PowerBook iconUse Balloon Help Many Macintosh programs also have Balloon Help Click your hard disk icon to select it Turn off Balloon HelpPoint to the File menu Use Part III of this book Start learning how to use your application programsAt this point, you could Page Reinstalling system software Reminder Back up Installing programs without a floppy disk drive Installing your programsSetting Up Your Programs Installing system software from floppy disks Press the Return key on your keyboard to continue Checking for computer viruses Insert the remaining disks as the computer prompts you If you give information to other computer users on disks Finding out what programs are openOpen programs Switching programs Hiding and showing windows on the desktop Close the Info window Preferred size must always be larger than Minimum size Copying items from the Scrapbook Using the ScrapbookStoring items in the Scrapbook Deleting items from the Scrapbook Remember a few precautions if you use a RAM disk Using a RAM diskCreating a RAM disk Drag the items you want to the RAM disk icon Erasing a RAM diskResizing or removing a RAM disk Drag the slider to 0% if you want to remove the RAM disk Using the Battery desk accessory Monitoring the battery charge level101 What you should do Responding to low-power messagesBattery desk accessory appears What you should know Plug in the power adapter as shown Recharging the batteryRecharging with the power adapter Power adapter port Power Management Power Management To recharge a battery, follow these steps Recharging with a recharger Door is physically attached to the battery Removing or replacing the batteryPlace the battery in the recharger as shown Battery Hours Batteries Replacement batteries come with a door attached Maximizing battery life Maximizing work time Ways to conserve battery powerKeep virtual memory turned off in the Memory control panel Easiest approach Adjusting the battery conservation settingsClose the PowerBook control panel Your computer’s printer or modem port is in use More about automatic sleep Using the battery conservation optionsDon’t sleep when plugged System Hard disk Processor cycling To turn processor cycling back on, click Allow cycling Preparing a new disk for use Initializing a hard disk Click Initialize Click Init to initialize the hard disk Using DisksName Third message asks you to name the disk Initializing a floppy diskType a name for the disk Designating a startup disk Erasing a floppy diskClick the icon of the disk you want to erase Locking a floppy disk Protecting the information on a diskScanning order for startup disks Internal hard disk Locking a file Backing up your files PowerBook 145B Backup program opens Using PowerBook 145B Backup for the first timeClick the appropriate button Using PowerBook 145B Backup to update your backup copy Hh h Insert the disk into the floppy disk drive Unlock the disk labeledClick the Continue button Restoring the information on your hard disk Locate the PowerBook 145B Restore iconMake sure your Macintosh is off Respond to any messages you see on the screen Open the PowerBook 145B Restore icon by double- clicking itA moment you’ll see this screen Make sure you insert disks in the correct order If you can’t save files on a floppy disk Restoring your System Folder All three methods also work with CD-ROM discs Ejecting a diskIf you can’t eject a floppy disk Disk is ejected and its icon disappears from the desktop Caring for disks Testing and repairing disksHard disk precautions If a hard disk icon doesn’t appear Using Disk First Aid Click Open Hard disk’s Testing a hard diskFor assistance if necessary Scsi ID number Straightening up your files Choose New Folder from the File menu Using folders to organize your filesCreating and naming folders Type a name for the folder and press Return Disk named above it Desktop, including other disks Its contentsName for your Uses for aliases Making items easier to findCreating an alias Choose Make Alias from the File menu Locating the original of an alias Installing an item in the Apple menuMoving an item to the desktop Click the Find Original button Choose Find from the File menu Finding an itemFinding an item by name Click the Find button Search Type text or set Finding an item using other criteriaDate here One at a time Location for the search List view Indentation means that an item Outline Finding items that meet two criteria Ways to use the Find commandItems found are shown highlighted in an outline view Hhhh Creating a template or stationery Getting information about your files Using the Info windowGet Info command displays information about a selected item File’s Info window View menu Assigning a label to a file Using the View menuType of list displayed is underlined On floppy disks Tips on transferring filesOn another hard disk Adapting Your Computer to Your Own Use 145 Specifying which items you want opened at startup Installing an item in the Apple menuInstalling files in the System Folder To have a program or a document open automatically when Macintosh Removing files from the System FolderDesktop Setting the time and date Changing the items in the Label menu Choose Alarm Clock from the Apple K menu Number Turning the alarm off Changing time and date formats Dialog box that appears, make the changes you want Changing the date formatClick OK to close the control panel Changing the time format Make the changes you want Type the currency symbol here To place the currency Make the changes that you want Close the control panel Adjusting the way the trackball or mouse works Click the double-clicking speed you want Button, the keys don’t repeat at all For the delay you wantDown, click the button for the rate you want Keyboard layout you want to use Modifier Adjusting the keyboard for very slow typingMaking keyboard shortcuts easier to type Sticky Keys Key has been Adjusting the blinking of a menu item Click the button for the blinking rate you want Changing the way the contents of windows appear Changing an icon Select the picture you want to use for the icon Turning off the Empty Trash warning You can turn off this warning in the Trash’s Info box Making the most of your memory Managing memoryChecking memory use Remember the following tips on memory management Adjusting the disk cache Total memory includes Using hard disk space as memoryMacintosh HD Virtual memory Turning on 32-bit addressing Click the beep sound that you want your computer to use Setting the beep soundDrag the slider up or down to set the volume Close the Sound control panel Installing a sound Removing a sound Recording sounds Your computer Changing the background pattern Type a name for the sound, and click OK Continues Magnifying the screen image To save the new pattern, double-click the sample pattern To turn CloseView on or off, press x-Option-O On or off Choosing a printer Before you print173 Close the Chooser window If your printer is connected directly to your computerIf your printer is connected over a network Printing Close the Chooser Choose Chooser from the Apple K menuClick the icon of the printer you want to use Network that has zones Printed copy as a Selecting Page Setup optionsPercentage Select enhancements Original’s hsize Updating printer software on networked computers Easy Install dialog box appearsMake sure that the hard disk indicated is the correct one Printer software available Printing your workChoose Print from the File menu Paper-feed Printing the contents of a window or the desktop Check the cable connections to the printer Solutions to common printing problemsMake sure that the printer is turned on and warmed up Controlling background printing Working with fonts Outline fonts and bitmap fonts Installing fonts Transferring fonts to a LaserWriter printer Removing fontsLocate and open the LaserWriter Font Utility icon Printer or its hard disk Choose Download Fonts from the File menuClick Done To the printer Initializing a hard disk attached to a printer Finding out about available fontsOther ways to use the LaserWriter Font Utility Click Initialize Restarting a LaserWriter printer Turning the printer’s start page on or off Transferring a PostScript file to a LaserWriter Type a name for the log, and then click Save What networking offers 189 Setting up your computer on a network Using Your Computer on a Network Turning on AppleTalk Connecting to a networkPrinter port Icon Close the Sharing Setup control panel Naming your computer and its owner Connecting to a shared disk AppleShare icon Capitalization does not need to match Click the name of the computer you want to useClick OK Click Guest or Registered User You are not Click the name of a shared disk to select it Disconnecting from a shared diskIcon of the shared disk appears on your desktop Connect to a shared disk Connecting quickly to a shared diskConnecting automatically when you start up These Creating a new folder on another computer Changing your passwordWorking with files and folders on other computers Click OK Close the Chooser Click OK Click OK in the dialog box that appears Your passwordBullet appears for each letter you type Click here to change How file sharing works Sharing your own filesGiving folder ownership to someone else User or group that you named assumes ownership immediately Section labeled File Sharing, click the Start button Turning on guest accessTurning file sharing on Open the Guest icon Selecting a folder or disk to share Close the window and click Save in the box that appears Taking back a shared folder or disk Any shared folder or disk can be made private again Type the name of a person you want to register Naming a registered userTo register more users, repeat steps 2 Naming a group of users Setting a registered user’s passwordType a password in the User Password box, then press Tab Close the window, and then click Save in the dialog box To see the names of all group members, open the group icon Seeing who’s in a groupDrag user icons to the new group icon You don’t need to include the Guest icon in any group Selecting a user or group to share a folder or disk Close the window and click Save in the dialog box To deny access to guests, open the Guest icon Removing a user from a group Removing a user or group from your list of registered users Giving away ownership of a folder or disk on your computer Turning file sharing off Section labeled File Sharing, click the Stop button Monitoring file-sharing activityTo turn file sharing off immediately, type the number Disconnecting someone who is connected to your computer Gaining access to your computer from another computer Open the owner icon the one with the bold outline Using access privileges Understanding access privileges See Files allows people to see, open, and copy files Setting access privileges to folders and disksThere are three types of access to shared items Select a folder or disk Choose Sharing from the File menu Choose a registered user or group to share the item with Access privilege strategiesTo prevent the folder from being changed, place an Using Your Computer on a Network Working with privileges that others have set Checking your access privilegesFolder Using Your Computer on a Network Plain tab indicates that you can open and use the folder You can only link to programs that are shared Linking programsLinking to a program on another computer Select the program you want to link to Two programs are now linked Disconnecting a program linkAllowing other people to link to your programs Then you make a program available for linking by sharing it Open the program Turning program linking onSelecting a program for linking If the box is dimmed, the program does not support linking Allowing guests to link to your programs Naming specific users to link to your programs Scsi port on Macintosh PowerBook computers looks like this Using Scsi devicesScsi port Scsi port icon 223 Setting Scsi ID numbers Installing softwareExpanding Your Computer System Make sure the Scsi device is turned off Small hole gives you access to the ID number switchID number indicator ID number switch Check the ID numbers of all the devices you want to connect If you are attaching one Scsi device Checking that the Scsi chain is properly terminatedIf you are attaching more than one Scsi device Repeat for each additional device you want to connect Connecting cablesIllustration shows where to add cable terminators Terminator See the documentation that came with the modem Connecting a modemConnect the modem to a power source and to the phone line External modem is ready to use Connecting a printer Connecting a mouse or other ADB device Sound output devices Connecting a microphoneDecide where you want to place the microphone Open the door covering the back panel of your computer Adding memory to your computer Do not check your computer as baggage. Carry it with you Traveling with the PowerBook233 Short-term storage up to 2 weeks Storing the PowerBookStore the computer in a cool, dry place Plug in the power adapter or use the recharger Service and supportIf the PowerBook malfunctions or is damaged Long-term storage more than 2 weeks Mariani Avenue How to get helpApple Computer, Inc Apple Canada, Inc Customer Relations Canada Technical information For more information about Macintosh computersMacintosh user groups Apple Technical Library Apda Assistance for hardware and software developers Working with icons Double-clickShift-click Selecting icons Moving, copying, and renaming an icon Working with windowsOpening an icon Making a window the active window Scrolling through the contents of a window Opening higher-level folder windows Menu bar you Using the outline form in list viewsWorking with menus From here Choosing an item from a submenu Choosing an item from a menuTo choose an item in a submenu KeyAction Selects the next item in the direction of the arrow Troubleshooting PowerBook Computer just stopped Power Battery is draining too fast Battery can’t be recharged Screen Screen looks blurred or out of focus Memory Scsi devices Disk drives and disks See for more information about working with Scsi devices Hard disk keeps stopping and starting again You can’t delete a file on a floppy disk Printers ModemsPrinter may be turned off. Turn it on Network printer keeps restarting Networks Application programs You can’t open a shared disk or folder Message says that a program could not be found Outlined button 259 To turn Caps Lock on or off, press the Caps Lock key Using Caps LockAppendix a Keyboard and Character Sets Available CharactersOption-c Insert a blank disk into your floppy disk drive Initializing a disk in MS-DOS format263 Choose Quit from the File menu Type a name for the disk, and then click OKAppendix B Exchanging Disks and Files With MS-DOS Computers Directory Converting files to and from MS-DOS formatMenus Title or disk Pull down the translation menu you want Click Translate Other file-conversion options Dimmed when thisItem is checked Setting your location 269 Click the Set button Comparing locationsYour current location is indicated by a blinking cross Finding a location Changing or removing a location Adding or removing a locationAdding a location Click the Add City buttonPage Pulling down About This Macintosh command 161, 164 Accent marks, typingAmplifiers Apple Technical Library Apple II ProDOS file format 263 Application menu PowerBook 145B Restore program 8, 119Battery Conservation settings 87, 109-112, 248 Arrow keys 53, 244 Control panels Safety instructions248 Beep sound Blinking rate Desktop Files without a floppy disk drive 92 iconsDelete key 57, 259 deleting Dragging an object on Converting to and from stationery Adjusting speed of 154 icons 62, 96 selecting text byErgonomics. See comfort tips error messages Extras folder Backing up 8-12 Closing 60 Sharing command 199, 201-202, 206, 209209 Changing your password 197-198 Program versus document 51-52 RAM disk Font menu Fonts FinderAliases for 186-188 Folder ownership PasswordsInstalling programs on 78-79, 82-83, 92 Overview 51 Caring for Key Caps desk accessory 186, 260-261 kilobyte K Adjusting blinking of 157 positioningInstalling Types of 50-52 ID numbers. See Scsi ID numbers ImageWriter Setup options for 176 printing on 178-179 restarting Background printing with 181 choosing ConnectingMacintosh desktop computer, connecting to Memory RAM virtual memory adding Mouse control panel 154 moving Icons 135, 240 text Accessing your own computerModems 212-213 Changing your own 197-198, 212-213 troubleshooting Typing Network administrator 190, 193, 197, 198 Network iconSetup options 176-178, 180 passwords Power adapter port 2 PowerBook 145B Backup program 6 Installing 174 Hard disk sleep adjustment 110, 111, 248System sleep adjustment 110, 111, 248 Disconnecting Opening 56 Installing without a floppy disk drive 92 linkingQuit command RAM. See random-access memory RAM RAM disk Adding System Folder items Save As command 133 Save command 57-58, 66, 140 savingRegistered user Scroll bars Scsi icon 223 Connecting 227Setting up computer 1-6. See also peripheral devices Network From floppy disks Software drivers 224Speakers 7 Special characters, typing Special menu Startup disk On program disks On startup disk 83, 91 System failures 247System Folder. See also foldersTranslator files 263 Automatically connecting to a shared disk Application programs 92, 257-258 batteryModems Networks 212, 254, 255, 256-257 passwords Undo command 258 unlocking Files Finding lost Hiding and showing program 96 moving 49-50 Apple Publishing System