Macintosh User’s Guide
Apple Computer, Inc
Contents
Chapter
Choose a command
Working on the Desktop
Arranging your work space and equipment
Open a document Change a document Save your work so far
Contents
Make more changes Quit a program
Change the name of an icon Use the Trash
Part
Setting Up Your Programs
Using Disks
141
139
Specifying which items you want opened at startup
146
Controlling background printing Working with fonts
Printing the contents of a window or the desktop
184
Other ways to use the LaserWriter Font Utility
Connecting to a shared disk
Changing your password
196
Access privilege strategies
Using access privileges
Setting Scsi ID numbers
214
240
Shift-click
Moving, copying, and renaming an icon
Making a window the active window
Using Caps Lock Typing special characters and symbols
Appendix C Map
Initializing a disk in MS-DOS format
Xiv
Radio and television interference
Welcome to Macintosh
How to Use This Book
Page
Setting Up Your Macintosh PowerBook
Setting up the computer
Plug in the power adapter
Power adapter port Setting Up Your Macintosh PowerBook
Slide the latch to the right and lift up the display
Open the display
Turn on the computer
Power button
Contrast control Brightness control
Trouble?
What to do next
Speaker Elevation feet Printer port
Reset button
´ Interrupt button
Microphone optional
Backing up your hard disk
Why back up?
What you need
Make the copy
Click the appropriate choice, as follows
Insert a high-density floppy disk into the disk drive
Insert metal end first
If something happens to your hard disk
To turn the PowerBook off
Turning the PowerBook on and off
Conserve power when you won’t be using it for several hours
Off
To put the PowerBook to sleep
Sleep
Automatic sleep
To turn the PowerBook on
When the PowerBook is on, you can do your work
On/off summary
Trash icon
An icon near the lower-right corner representing the Trash
Press and release the reset button
Restarting a computer that’s already on
Choose Restart from the Special menu
Restart from a floppy disk
Hold down the power button for 5 seconds
Learning the basics
Adjust the screen brightness and contrast controls
Before you begin
Take the Macintosh Basics tour first
Starting the tour from the hard disk
Finding the tour
Continues
Now your screen should look like the following illustration
Hhh
Hh h h
After a moment, your screen should look like this
Starting the tour from a floppy disk
Hh h h
Do not use the computer in or near water
± Warning
Do not drop or jar the computer
Do not touch the screen with any sharp or pointed objects
Do not use the computer in wet or dusty environments
Health concerns associated with computer use
Repetitive stress injuries
Chair
Arranging your work space and equipment
Keyboard and trackball
Change hand positions often to avoid fatigue
Built-in display
Mouse
General suggestions
Page
Working on the Desktop
Point
Use the trackball
Click
Press
Drag
Telling the Macintosh to do something involves two steps
Choose a command
Open an icon
Click the startup hard disk icon to select it
Dots, indicating that it has been opened
Look at the contents of a window
Continues
Make a window larger or smaller
Active window
Size box Working on the Desktop
Click the zoom box near the right end of the title bar
Click the zoom box again
Zoom box
Move the hidden contents of a window into view
Scroll arrow
Horizontal scroll bar
Click the close box
Close a window
Scroll box
Close box
Move a window
Point to the title bar of the active Macintosh HD window
Title bar
Icons represent containers
What’s on the desktop?
Working on the Desktop
Menus offer you choices
Windows let you see what’s inside containers
Windows let you see what’s inside all these containers
Memo
Modifier keys
Arrow keys
Modifier keys
Page
How to switch between programs
Why it’s important to save your work, and how to save it
Make sure that your computer is on
Open the Macintosh HD icon
Open a program
Open the TeachText icon
TeachText menus
Save your work
Create a document
You will be changing this text later in this chapter
Choose Save from the File menu
Switch programs
Type Opening Lines
Click Save
Here is another way to make a program active
Hh h
Close the Opening Lines window
Close a document
Open a document
Next step describes a different way to open an icon
Because most Macintosh programs work in similar ways
Now you’re ready to change the text
Change a document
With people selected, type the words human beings
Click the trackball button once
Now you’ll rearrange some text
Save regularly, and save often
Save your work so far
Taking a shortcut
Make more changes
With each other selected, type one another
Hh h
With togetherness selected, type brotherhood
Quit a program
Click the Opening Lines icon to select it
Make a copy of a document
To use memory
Quitting a program Prompts you to save your work
Choose Duplicate from the File menu
Change the name of an icon
Use the Trash
Press the Return key
Pressing Return saves the new name
Choose Empty Trash from the Special menu
Open the Trash icon
Click OK
Close the Trash window by clicking its close box
Working With Disks
Double-sided 800K disk
Insert a floppy disk
Second hole
Working With Disks
Floppy disks and hard disks
Initialize a disk
Read the message on your screen
Another dialog box appears
Click Erase
Third dialog box appears
Type Practice
Copy the contents of a disk
Close all the windows on the Macintosh desktop
Open the Practice folder icon
Take a floppy disk out of its drive
Protect the contents of a disk
Lock the program disk
On your own Install your programs
Look for a System Folder in the program folder
Throw away extra System Folders
Learning More About Your Computer
Open the PowerBook control panel
Open the Battery desk accessory
To open the PowerBook control panel
Choose Control Panels from the Apple K menu
Use Balloon Help
Open the PowerBook icon
Turn on Balloon Help
Many Macintosh programs also have Balloon Help
Turn off Balloon Help
Click your hard disk icon to select it
Point to the File menu
Start learning how to use your application programs
Use Part III of this book
At this point, you could
Page
Reminder Back up
Reinstalling system software
Installing your programs
Installing programs without a floppy disk drive
Setting Up Your Programs
Press the Return key on your keyboard to continue
Installing system software from floppy disks
Insert the remaining disks as the computer prompts you
Checking for computer viruses
Finding out what programs are open
If you give information to other computer users on disks
Open programs
Hiding and showing windows on the desktop
Switching programs
Preferred size must always be larger than Minimum size
Close the Info window
Storing items in the Scrapbook
Using the Scrapbook
Copying items from the Scrapbook
Deleting items from the Scrapbook
Using a RAM disk
Remember a few precautions if you use a RAM disk
Creating a RAM disk
Resizing or removing a RAM disk
Erasing a RAM disk
Drag the items you want to the RAM disk icon
Drag the slider to 0% if you want to remove the RAM disk
Monitoring the battery charge level
Using the Battery desk accessory
101
Battery desk accessory appears
Responding to low-power messages
What you should do
What you should know
Recharging with the power adapter
Recharging the battery
Plug in the power adapter as shown
Power adapter port Power Management
Power Management
Recharging with a recharger
To recharge a battery, follow these steps
Place the battery in the recharger as shown
Removing or replacing the battery
Door is physically attached to the battery
Battery Hours Batteries
Replacement batteries come with a door attached
Maximizing battery life
Ways to conserve battery power
Maximizing work time
Keep virtual memory turned off in the Memory control panel
Close the PowerBook control panel
Adjusting the battery conservation settings
Easiest approach
Your computer’s printer or modem port is in use
Don’t sleep when plugged
Using the battery conservation options
More about automatic sleep
System Hard disk
To turn processor cycling back on, click Allow cycling
Processor cycling
Initializing a hard disk
Preparing a new disk for use
Using Disks
Click Initialize Click Init to initialize the hard disk
Name
Initializing a floppy disk
Third message asks you to name the disk
Type a name for the disk
Erasing a floppy disk
Designating a startup disk
Click the icon of the disk you want to erase
Scanning order for startup disks
Protecting the information on a disk
Locking a floppy disk
Internal hard disk
Locking a file
Backing up your files
Using PowerBook 145B Backup for the first time
PowerBook 145B Backup program opens
Click the appropriate button
Hh h
Using PowerBook 145B Backup to update your backup copy
Unlock the disk labeled
Insert the disk into the floppy disk drive
Click the Continue button
Locate the PowerBook 145B Restore icon
Restoring the information on your hard disk
Make sure your Macintosh is off
A moment you’ll see this screen
Open the PowerBook 145B Restore icon by double- clicking it
Respond to any messages you see on the screen
Make sure you insert disks in the correct order
Restoring your System Folder
If you can’t save files on a floppy disk
If you can’t eject a floppy disk
Ejecting a disk
All three methods also work with CD-ROM discs
Disk is ejected and its icon disappears from the desktop
Hard disk precautions
Testing and repairing disks
Caring for disks
If a hard disk icon doesn’t appear
Using Disk First Aid
Click Open
For assistance if necessary
Testing a hard disk
Hard disk’s
Scsi ID number
Straightening up your files
Creating and naming folders
Using folders to organize your files
Choose New Folder from the File menu
Type a name for the folder and press Return
Its contents
Disk named above it Desktop, including other disks
Name for your
Creating an alias
Making items easier to find
Uses for aliases
Choose Make Alias from the File menu
Moving an item to the desktop
Installing an item in the Apple menu
Locating the original of an alias
Click the Find Original button
Finding an item by name
Finding an item
Choose Find from the File menu
Click the Find button
Finding an item using other criteria
Search Type text or set
Date here One at a time
List view Indentation means that an item Outline
Location for the search
Ways to use the Find command
Finding items that meet two criteria
Items found are shown highlighted in an outline view
Creating a template or stationery
Hhhh
Get Info command displays information about a selected item
Using the Info window
Getting information about your files
File’s Info window View menu
Using the View menu
Assigning a label to a file
Type of list displayed is underlined
Tips on transferring files
On floppy disks
On another hard disk
145
Adapting Your Computer to Your Own Use
Installing files in the System Folder
Installing an item in the Apple menu
Specifying which items you want opened at startup
To have a program or a document open automatically when
Removing files from the System Folder
Macintosh
Desktop
Changing the items in the Label menu
Setting the time and date
Number
Choose Alarm Clock from the Apple K menu
Changing time and date formats
Turning the alarm off
Changing the date format
Dialog box that appears, make the changes you want
Click OK to close the control panel
Make the changes you want
Changing the time format
Make the changes that you want Close the control panel
Type the currency symbol here To place the currency
Click the double-clicking speed you want
Adjusting the way the trackball or mouse works
Down, click the button for the rate you want
For the delay you want
Button, the keys don’t repeat at all
Keyboard layout you want to use
Making keyboard shortcuts easier to type
Adjusting the keyboard for very slow typing
Modifier
Sticky Keys Key has been
Click the button for the blinking rate you want
Adjusting the blinking of a menu item
Changing the way the contents of windows appear
Select the picture you want to use for the icon
Changing an icon
You can turn off this warning in the Trash’s Info box
Turning off the Empty Trash warning
Checking memory use
Managing memory
Making the most of your memory
Remember the following tips on memory management
Adjusting the disk cache
Macintosh HD
Using hard disk space as memory
Total memory includes
Virtual memory
Turning on 32-bit addressing
Drag the slider up or down to set the volume
Setting the beep sound
Click the beep sound that you want your computer to use
Close the Sound control panel
Removing a sound
Installing a sound
Your computer
Recording sounds
Type a name for the sound, and click OK
Changing the background pattern
Continues
To save the new pattern, double-click the sample pattern
Magnifying the screen image
To turn CloseView on or off, press x-Option-O
On or off
Before you print
Choosing a printer
173
If your printer is connected over a network
If your printer is connected directly to your computer
Close the Chooser window
Printing
Click the icon of the printer you want to use
Choose Chooser from the Apple K menu
Close the Chooser
Network that has zones
Selecting Page Setup options
Printed copy as a
Percentage Select enhancements Original’s hsize
Easy Install dialog box appears
Updating printer software on networked computers
Make sure that the hard disk indicated is the correct one
Choose Print from the File menu
Printing your work
Printer software available
Paper-feed
Printing the contents of a window or the desktop
Solutions to common printing problems
Check the cable connections to the printer
Make sure that the printer is turned on and warmed up
Controlling background printing
Outline fonts and bitmap fonts
Working with fonts
Installing fonts
Removing fonts
Transferring fonts to a LaserWriter printer
Locate and open the LaserWriter Font Utility icon
Click Done
Choose Download Fonts from the File menu
Printer or its hard disk
To the printer
Other ways to use the LaserWriter Font Utility
Finding out about available fonts
Initializing a hard disk attached to a printer
Click Initialize
Turning the printer’s start page on or off
Restarting a LaserWriter printer
Type a name for the log, and then click Save
Transferring a PostScript file to a LaserWriter
189
What networking offers
Using Your Computer on a Network
Setting up your computer on a network
Connecting to a network
Turning on AppleTalk
Printer port Icon
Naming your computer and its owner
Close the Sharing Setup control panel
AppleShare icon
Connecting to a shared disk
Click OK Click Guest or Registered User
Click the name of the computer you want to use
Capitalization does not need to match
You are not
Disconnecting from a shared disk
Click the name of a shared disk to select it
Icon of the shared disk appears on your desktop
Connecting automatically when you start up
Connecting quickly to a shared disk
Connect to a shared disk
These
Working with files and folders on other computers
Changing your password
Creating a new folder on another computer
Click OK Close the Chooser
Bullet appears for each letter you type
Your password
Click OK Click OK in the dialog box that appears
Click here to change
Giving folder ownership to someone else
Sharing your own files
How file sharing works
User or group that you named assumes ownership immediately
Turning file sharing on
Turning on guest access
Section labeled File Sharing, click the Start button
Open the Guest icon
Close the window and click Save in the box that appears
Selecting a folder or disk to share
Any shared folder or disk can be made private again
Taking back a shared folder or disk
Naming a registered user
Type the name of a person you want to register
To register more users, repeat steps 2
Type a password in the User Password box, then press Tab
Setting a registered user’s password
Naming a group of users
Close the window, and then click Save in the dialog box
Drag user icons to the new group icon
Seeing who’s in a group
To see the names of all group members, open the group icon
You don’t need to include the Guest icon in any group
Close the window and click Save in the dialog box
Selecting a user or group to share a folder or disk
To deny access to guests, open the Guest icon
Removing a user or group from your list of registered users
Removing a user from a group
Turning file sharing off
Giving away ownership of a folder or disk on your computer
Monitoring file-sharing activity
Section labeled File Sharing, click the Stop button
To turn file sharing off immediately, type the number
Gaining access to your computer from another computer
Disconnecting someone who is connected to your computer
Open the owner icon the one with the bold outline
Understanding access privileges
Using access privileges
There are three types of access to shared items
Setting access privileges to folders and disks
See Files allows people to see, open, and copy files
Select a folder or disk Choose Sharing from the File menu
Access privilege strategies
Choose a registered user or group to share the item with
To prevent the folder from being changed, place an
Using Your Computer on a Network
Folder Using Your Computer on a Network
Checking your access privileges
Working with privileges that others have set
Plain tab indicates that you can open and use the folder
Linking to a program on another computer
Linking programs
You can only link to programs that are shared
Select the program you want to link to
Allowing other people to link to your programs
Disconnecting a program link
Two programs are now linked
Then you make a program available for linking by sharing it
Selecting a program for linking
Turning program linking on
Open the program
If the box is dimmed, the program does not support linking
Naming specific users to link to your programs
Allowing guests to link to your programs
Using Scsi devices
Scsi port on Macintosh PowerBook computers looks like this
Scsi port Scsi port icon 223
Installing software
Setting Scsi ID numbers
Expanding Your Computer System
ID number indicator ID number switch
Small hole gives you access to the ID number switch
Make sure the Scsi device is turned off
Check the ID numbers of all the devices you want to connect
Checking that the Scsi chain is properly terminated
If you are attaching one Scsi device
If you are attaching more than one Scsi device
Illustration shows where to add cable terminators
Connecting cables
Repeat for each additional device you want to connect
Terminator
Connect the modem to a power source and to the phone line
Connecting a modem
See the documentation that came with the modem
External modem is ready to use
Connecting a mouse or other ADB device
Connecting a printer
Decide where you want to place the microphone
Connecting a microphone
Sound output devices
Open the door covering the back panel of your computer
Adding memory to your computer
Traveling with the PowerBook
Do not check your computer as baggage. Carry it with you
233
Storing the PowerBook
Short-term storage up to 2 weeks
Store the computer in a cool, dry place
If the PowerBook malfunctions or is damaged
Service and support
Plug in the power adapter or use the recharger
Long-term storage more than 2 weeks
Apple Computer, Inc Apple Canada, Inc Customer Relations
How to get help
Mariani Avenue
Canada
Macintosh user groups
For more information about Macintosh computers
Technical information
Apple Technical Library
Assistance for hardware and software developers
Apda
Shift-click
Double-click
Working with icons
Selecting icons
Opening an icon
Working with windows
Moving, copying, and renaming an icon
Making a window the active window
Opening higher-level folder windows
Scrolling through the contents of a window
Working with menus
Using the outline form in list views
Menu bar you
From here
Choosing an item from a menu
Choosing an item from a submenu
To choose an item in a submenu
Selects the next item in the direction of the arrow
KeyAction
PowerBook
Troubleshooting
Computer just stopped
Battery is draining too fast
Power
Battery can’t be recharged
Screen looks blurred or out of focus
Screen
Scsi devices
Memory
See for more information about working with Scsi devices
Disk drives and disks
Hard disk keeps stopping and starting again
You can’t delete a file on a floppy disk
Modems
Printers
Printer may be turned off. Turn it on
Network printer keeps restarting
Networks
You can’t open a shared disk or folder
Application programs
Message says that a program could not be found
259
Outlined button
Using Caps Lock
To turn Caps Lock on or off, press the Caps Lock key
Appendix a Keyboard and Character Sets
Characters
Available
Option-c
Initializing a disk in MS-DOS format
Insert a blank disk into your floppy disk drive
263
Type a name for the disk, and then click OK
Choose Quit from the File menu
Appendix B Exchanging Disks and Files With MS-DOS Computers
Menus
Converting files to and from MS-DOS format
Directory
Title or disk
Click Translate
Pull down the translation menu you want
Dimmed when this
Other file-conversion options
Item is checked
269
Setting your location
Comparing locations
Click the Set button
Your current location is indicated by a blinking cross
Finding a location
Adding a location
Adding or removing a location
Changing or removing a location
Click the Add City button
Page
Amplifiers
About This Macintosh command 161, 164 Accent marks, typing
Pulling down
Apple Technical Library Apple II ProDOS file format 263
Battery Conservation settings 87, 109-112, 248
PowerBook 145B Restore program 8, 119
Application menu
Arrow keys 53, 244
Safety instructions
Control panels
248 Beep sound Blinking rate
Delete key 57, 259 deleting
Files without a floppy disk drive 92 icons
Desktop
Dragging an object on
Ergonomics. See comfort tips error messages
Adjusting speed of 154 icons 62, 96 selecting text by
Converting to and from stationery
Extras folder
209 Changing your password 197-198
Sharing command 199, 201-202, 206, 209
Backing up 8-12 Closing 60
Program versus document 51-52 RAM disk
Aliases for
Finder
Font menu Fonts
186-188
Installing programs on 78-79, 82-83, 92 Overview 51
Passwords
Folder ownership
Caring for
Installing
Adjusting blinking of 157 positioning
Key Caps desk accessory 186, 260-261 kilobyte K
Types of 50-52 ID numbers. See Scsi ID numbers ImageWriter
Macintosh desktop computer, connecting to
Background printing with 181 choosing Connecting
Setup options for 176 printing on 178-179 restarting
Memory RAM virtual memory adding
Modems
Accessing your own computer
Mouse control panel 154 moving Icons 135, 240 text
212-213
Setup options 176-178, 180 passwords
Network administrator 190, 193, 197, 198 Network icon
Changing your own 197-198, 212-213 troubleshooting Typing
Power adapter port 2 PowerBook 145B Backup program 6
System sleep adjustment 110, 111, 248
Hard disk sleep adjustment 110, 111, 248
Installing 174
Disconnecting
Quit command RAM. See random-access memory RAM RAM disk
Installing without a floppy disk drive 92 linking
Opening 56
Adding
Registered user
Save As command 133 Save command 57-58, 66, 140 saving
System Folder items
Scroll bars
Setting up computer 1-6. See also peripheral devices
Connecting 227
Scsi icon 223
Network
Speakers 7 Special characters, typing Special menu
Software drivers 224
From floppy disks
Startup disk
System failures 247System Folder. See also folders
On program disks On startup disk 83, 91
Translator files 263
Modems Networks 212, 254, 255, 256-257 passwords
Application programs 92, 257-258 battery
Automatically connecting to a shared disk
Undo command 258 unlocking Files
Hiding and showing program 96 moving 49-50
Finding lost
Apple Publishing System