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AT&T 2500 series, 7500 series, 7100 series manual 20COMMUNICATION System Networking AN Overview

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2-20COMMUNICATION SYSTEM NETWORKING — AN OVERVIEW

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AT&T 2500 series, 7500 series, 7100 series, 7200 series, 7400 series manual 20COMMUNICATION System Networking AN Overview

Contents

Definity Communications System Page Contents Multiplexing Outside the Switch Communication System Networking AN Overview Tandem TIE Trunk Networks Distributed Communications System DCS Data Connectivity AN Overview Special Data Features Data Communications Capabilities Data Communications Configurations Related Documents Synchronization of Digital Facilities Index Trunking Terms and Capabilities Communications ProtocolsGlossary List of Figures DSU Mpdm Figure B-1 Options for Synchronization Figure B-11 External and Internal Reference Levels List of Tables BCC EIA RS-232C V.28 LEADS/DEFINITIONS EIA RS-232D V.28 LEADS/DEFINITIONSEIA RS-449 V.24 LEADS/DEFINITIONS EIA RS-366 LEADS/DEFINITIONS Xvi Contents Document Organization About this DocumentPrerequisite Skills and Knowledge Part ∙ Glossary ∙ Index HOW to Make Comments about this Document AT&T Xx about this Document Introduction to Connectivity 2INTRODUCTION to Connectivity Digital Transmission Transmission TypesAnalog Transmission Analog-to-Digital Conversion Analog VS. Digital 6TRANSMISSION Types Voice Transmission Entering the SwitchTransmission States 8TRANSMISSION States Digital Switch Exiting the Switch ⎜ Module Circuit Packs Data Transmission Protocol Layers 12TRANSMISSION States Originating Switch Destination Protocols Used Layer 1 Protocols Layer 2 Protocols Protocol States ⎜DMI Mode Code Connectivity Rules 16TRANSMISSION States Multiplexed Communication Types of MultiplexingFrequency-Division Multiplexing Time-Division Multiplexing Statistical Multiplexing Multiplexing Over DS1 Facilities Zero Code Suppression ZCS Line Coding Line CodingAlternating Mark Inversion B8ZS Line Coding Signal Inversion Restricted ⎜ Unrestricted ⎜ DMI 7Data-Module Capabilities Part 2 D4 Framing Framing ESF Framing SignalingD4 Framing Robbed-Bit Signaling 24th-Channel Signaling ⎜ Channels 24th Channel ⎜ 24th ChannelESF ⎜ Frame No ⎜ Isdn PRI Trunk Types/Destinations ⎜ Signaling Types⎜ DMI-BOS Multiplexing Outside the Switch Multiplexing onto T1 Trunks CDM CEM Host Digital DMI PBX Altering Channel Assignments on T1 Trunks Compressing the SignalGetting the Signal Ready for the Central Ofﬁce Multiplexing with Microwave Microwave System T1 Trunk CapacityDR23N DR18M DR18W DR23W Demultiplexing 10.Possible Multiplexed Connections Statistical Multiplexing Local Exchange Trunks TrunkingApplication Tie Trunks Special-Access Trunks Auxiliary TrunksMiscellaneous Trunks Release Link Trunks RLTs Remote Access Trunks Host-Access TrunksAdvanced Private Line Termination Aplt Trunks Connectivity Signaling Types Administration OptionsSystem 85/G2 Administration Signaling Protocols Trunk Type System 75/G1 Administration Comm TypeGroup Type DS1 Options Interface Circuit Trunk Tables Trunking 44TRUNKING 11.Generic 1 and Generic 2 Digital Trunks Voice BCC 46TRUNKING Trunking 48TRUNKING Trunking 50TRUNKING Trunking 52TRUNKING Communication System Networking AN Overview Types of Networks Network Evolution Software ⎜ Network Type S75/G1 S85/G2 Package PECDCS Software Capabilities System 75 and Generic 1 UDP Package DIMENSION, System 85, and Generic 2 Multipremises Package System 75 and Generic 1 PNA Package Distributed Communications System Network Call Processing Routing the Call Internal Dial PlanUniform Numbering DAC + EXT To ARS Auxiliary Call Information Automatic Alternate Routing Selecting a Routing Pattern ∙ RNX ∙ Where the trunk group appears in the list of preferences Selecting a Trunk Group∙ The FRL of the call Modifying the Digits Automatic Route Selection Analyzing the Dialed Number Communication System Networking AN Overview To AAR Selecting the Routing Pattern Private Network Trunks Network AdministrationNetworking Feature Parameters ⎜ Maap ⎜ Vmaap System Definity Feature PBX 20COMMUNICATION System Networking AN Overview Tandem TIE Trunk Networks Interactions with Other Networks 2TANDEM TIE Trunk Networks Attendant Lines ⎜ Main Satellite ⎜ Trunks MS/T Configurations Main-Satellite Conﬁguration Main-Tributary Conﬁguration MS/T Features Networking Package Multipremises with ETA Main Networking Package PNA, ETN Routing Incoming Calls Routing Outgoing Calls Other Routing Capabilities Engineering Considerations Interactions Page ETN Configurations ETN Trunks Page Access and Bypass Access Tie Trunks Uniform Numbering Plan FeaturesOff-Net Trunks Attendant ETN Interactions with Other Networks Extension Number Portability Clusters Software-Deﬁned Network Call Routing SDN to ETN Call Routing ETN to SDN Release Link Trunk Networks CAS and ACD Centralized Attendant Service Automatic Call Distribution Distributed Communications System Clusters Main-Satellite/Tributary Networks Distributed Communications System DCS DCS Links Switch Node CapacityDCS Clusters Signaling Links Switch Physical Links ⎜Logical Channels/LinkSignaling Link Speed Signaling Link Protocol Transmission Media Direct Link DCS Connections Linkage Design Distributed Communications System DCS DCS Signaling Link Connections Equipment Distance LimitationMTDM/MPDM System 75 or Generic 1 G1 to System 75 or G1 System 75/G1 Signaling Channel DCP Mtdm System 85 or Generic 2 G2 to System 85 or G2 Modem System 75 or Generic 1 G1 to System 85 or Generic 2 G2 RS232C to RS449 Conversion Dciu Dimension Signaling Links Transparent FeaturesTransparent Attendant Features Attendant Call Waiting Attendant Control of Trunk Group Access ⎜ ACAAlphanumeric Display Automatic Circuit Assurance Class-of-Service/Restriction Display Trunk Group Busy/Warning IndicatorsBusy Veriﬁcation of Terminal Lines Calling Number Display Automatic Callback on Busy or No Answer Transparent Voice Terminal FeaturesAlerting-Distinctive Ringing Call Coverage Tone Call ForwardingCall Waiting Leave Word Calling LWC Without AP Audio Information Exchange Audix Features Transparency Call Transfer/Conference 20.AUDIX in a DCS Network Definity PBX ⎜ Feature 22DISTRIBUTED Communications System DCS Administration Considerations Distributed Communications System, Issue 3 Dimension PBX Data Connectivity AN Overview Data Communications Variables Communications Protocols Digital PBX Public Switched Network Pooled Modem Analog vs. Digital Synchronous vs. Asynchronous ∙ ∙ ∙ Simplex vs. Half-Duplex vs. Full-Duplex Parallel vs. Serial Transmission Speed Creating Switch Packet vs. Circuit Switches Type of Communications Channel Channel Assignment Dial-up vs. Dedicated Connections Channel Information Bearer vs. Signaling ChannelsTransmission Mode Changes and Modem Pools Special Data Features Terminal Dialing ⎜Data Services Features Data Call Setup From a Voice TerminalComputer Dialing Data Hot Line Data Protection Data PrivacyData Restriction Data Only Off-Premises Extension Off-Premises Data-Only Extension Conﬁgurations Data Communications Capabilities 2DATA Communications Capabilities Protocol Converters DTE ConnectionsDTE Compatibility Terminal Emulators PC/PBX or PC/ISDN Voice Terminal Adjunct Data Modules DCE PossibilitiesData Modules Data Module Characteristics Standalone Data ModulesADUs Modems DTE Connections Dtdm ⎜ PC/PBX PC/PBXADM PC/ISDN Modem Pooling Connections DCP TIP-RING 12DTE Connections Data Module LAN Protocol Local Area Network ConnectionsLAN Topology Advantages of a Communications System in a LAN Environment LAN ConnectorsLAN Transmission Media LAN Access to/from LANs That Use Other Operating Systems Type Operating Gateway PCLAN System Software Local Area Network Connections Remote PC X.25 Router ISN CommunicationCommunication Between the LAN and Other Networks SNA Gateway Type Operating CommunicationsSystem Package Communication System as a LAN Backup 12.LAN/SNA Connectivity Accunet Packet Service APS AccessPublic and Private Data Network Connections Public Data Networks Circuit-Switched Public Data Networks SDS and Sddn Applications Public and Private Data Network Connections MPDM/M1 Public and Private Data Network Connections DTE Mpdm Private Connections Through Accunet T1.5 and T45 Private Data NetworksTerrestrial Private Data Network Links MPDM/M1* AMI 28PUBLIC and Private Data Network Connections ⎜AMI Satellite Private Data Network Links Integrated Telemarketing Gateway Telemarketing Host ConnectionsIsdn Gateway 22.Telemarketing Gateway Conﬁguration For further details, see 34TELEMARKETING Host Connections Data Network Administration 36DATA Network Administration Data Communications Configurations DSC and PSC Connections DSC 4DATA Communications Configurations SNA Node Connections Video Teleconferencing Connections Through Public or Private Data NetworksFile Transfers Image Processing FAX Transmittal 8DATA Communications Configurations Related Documents GeneralOperation Reference 2RELATED Documents Related Documents Dimension Administration System 75 and Generic 6RELATED Documents System 85 and Generic ServiceSales 8RELATED Documents Sales 10RELATED Documents Synchronization of Digital Facilities Need for Synchronization Figure B-1.Options for Synchronization Synchronization Hierarchy 4SYNCHRONIZATION of Digital Facilities Synchronization of Digital Facilities ∙ DDS Figure B-3.Stratum Levels for the Synchronization Hierarchy System 85 and Generic 2 Synchronization ArchitecturePage Primary Primary Secondary Reference Indicators ⎜ Reference ⎜ IndicatorsRED YEL Good LOS Misf ⎜ Blue RED System 75 and Generic 1 Synchronization Architecture Figure B-6.Tone-Clock Synchronizer Nonduplicated, Generic System 75 and Generic 1 Synchronization Software Operation Criteria for Switching to the Secondary Reference Criteria for Switching Back to the Primary Reference External Synchronization Clock CROSS-CONNECT B25A Cable Output Figure B-9.External-Clock Interface Selecting a Timing Source for the Switch Network Synchronization and Engineering Internal Reference Selection Rules Rule Example for Rule Figure B-13.Proper Use of Backup Facilities Page Figure B-15.Optimal Diverse Routing Figure B-16.Less Than Optimal Diverse Routing Figure B-17.Excessive Cascading Figure B-19.Excessive Synchronization from One Node External-Reference Selection Rules Rules 2 Through Fact Availability of Synchronization SourcesMisconception Line-Only Mode DS1/DMI-BOS ANN11 or TN767 Conclusions on SynchronizationUSE of Generic 2 AS a System Clock Reference ISDN-PRI Trunk Facilities Line+Trunk Mode DS1/DMI-BOS ANN35 or TN767 with TN555 DMI-MOS ANN35 or TN767 with TN555USE of Generic 1 AS a System Clock Reference Trunk-Mode ISDN-PRI TN767 Trunk-Mode DS1/DMI-MOS TN767 Line-Only Mode DS1/DMI-BOS TN767Trunk-Mode Interface ISDN-PRI + Robbed Bit TN767 32SYNCHRONIZATION of Digital Facilities Wire Tie Trunk Address SignalingTrunking Terms and Capabilities Frequently Used Terms Alerting Signals APLT-Advanced Private Line TerminationAuto or Automatic-incoming Auto or Automatic-outgoing Ccsa or Common Control Switching Arrangement CX Signaling or Composite SignalingCustomer Provided Access Cut-Through Mode of Operation Delay-Dial Delay-Dial IncomingDelay-Dial Outgoing Delay-Dial Start-Dial Ddsd Derived E&M Lead Signaling Designed TrunksDial Repeating Tie Trunk Dial-Pulse Direct Access Epscs or Enhanced Private Switched Communications ServiceLead Signaling or Ear & Mouth Signaling Standard or Type 1A and Type I compatible or Type 1B ETN Trunking Facilities FX or Foreign Exchange Glare Detection Glare ResolutionGlare Ground Start High-Usage Trunk GroupImmediate Start Immediate Start Incoming Interdigit Time-out Intermediate High-Usage Trunk GroupIntermachine Trunk IMT Intertandem Trunk Out-of-Band Signaling Party Test SignalMain PBX Main-Satellite Trunks Reverse Battery SF or Single Frequency signalingSenderized Mode of Operation Signal Converter Signaling Type Special Access ConnectionsStop-Go Signaling Supervisory Signaling Touch-Tone Signaling Trunk Type or trunk group typeType of Dialing Type of Outpulsing Wink-Start Outgoing Wats Wide Area Telephone Service TrunkWink-Start Incoming Suggestions and Helpful Hints Trunking Characteristics Table Signaling Types Switch a Supervision Signaling Tion GenericSystem 85, or Dimension PBX ⎜GROUP/CALL Type Switch B GROUP/CALL Type IN/DID DOD23/FX-DOD OUT GROUP/CALL Type Signaling 28/WATS-DOD OUT 26/WATS27/WATS OUT ⎜⎜ E&M 35/TIE ESS 5ESS ⎜OTHER ⎜ LS ⎜ RB ⎜ System 85, or ⎜DIMENSION PBX ⎜ ⎜57/CAS RLT-OUTGOING From Branch ⎜66/CAS RLT-INCOMING Main Satellite ⎜DIAL-TONE with Digital Data ⎜DATA Module Side 103/HOST Access Line Side 104/HOST AccessAnalog Data Modem Side Trunk Side Other 32TRUNKING Terms and Capabilities Communications Protocols OSI Model Physical LayerData-Link Layer Network LayerPage Figure D-1.OSI Reference Model Session Layer Presentation LayerApplication Layer Standard Protocols Table D-1.Some Ccitt Digital Standards Table D-2.Some Ccitt Analog Standards Ccitt X.26 RS-423A FED-STD Table D-2.Some Ccitt Analog Standards Other Common Standards CCITT-ISO AT&T Protocols EIA Data Modes Data Mode CapabilitiesDigital Multiplexed Interface Applications Description Control Data DCP DS1/DMI/BOS Channel 14COMMUNICATIONS Protocols Communications Protocols Flag Digital Communications Protocol Or multipoint BX.25 Communication Pathways and Endpoints Message, Packet, and Frame Sldh Lead Definitions SCF SCBSBA SBB RL/CG CH/CI SDA STARDA RSA DPR ACRCRQ PND BBA BBBDDA DDB ⎜ PIN 8LEAD Definitions Networking FEATURES--AVAILABILITY Matrix ⎜⎜ R1 Networking FEATURES--AVAILABILITY Matrix Contd ⎜ NA ⎜ Uniform Numbering ⎜ Plan Note 6NETWORKING FEATURES--AVAILABILITY Matrix Abbreviations CRC CSMCSU DAC ETA ETNFAX FEP Mpdm MS/TMtdm NCP SDN SMTSNA Teho AB-6ABBREVIATIONS Glossary ACUADM AVD ADS Also high-volume tandem Audix StandaloneAutomatic Alternate Routing AAR Service Bccos Bipolar signalBit-oriented signaling Message-oriented signaling CPU BSCCcitt Ccis CORCOS CPE See network channel-terminating equipment See data communications equipment Dciu link DCP DCSDCS cluster DCS node See bit rate DDC DDD See digital telephone DCS DMI-BOS DMI-MOSDMI/MOS DS1 Error-free second ESS electronic switchingCommunications systems and switch Framing format Extended trunk access BX.25 DCIU/PI Hdlc See basic rate interface See primary rate interface Keyboard dialing Kilo bits per second kbpsLAN Lapd Listed directory number Local area network LANAlso wide area network Local exchange company Ncte NAU PAD PVC PDM 921, and signaling system number Remote access trunkRobbed-bit signaling Protocol converter PC Sdlc TDM UCD UNP Service Wats trunk Telecommunications ServiceWats Wide Area Telecommunications Index Bypass access trunk 1-37,4-7,4-8,5-1,5-4,C-2 IN-2 IndexARS 2-4,2-7,2-8,2-14plan Logical 6-3,D-19restricted 1-20unrestricted Dial access code 2-2,2-5,2-10,2-13,2-17,3-1,4-4 CRC 1-25CSMA/CD 8-13CSUChannel bank 1-9,1-10,1-29,1-30,B-20frame DAC 2-2,2-5,2-10,2-13,2-17,3-1,4-4,4-7,4-8,4-9,6-23 Mode 1-15,1-16,1-42,2-13,9-1MOS 6digitizerDMI 1-14, D-11 DS1-Contd D4 1-24, 1-27 ESF 1-24, 1-27FRL 2-10, 2-13 Gateway 7-2 Statistical 1-17,1-18,1-34 LOS B-9,B-13 LWC 6-18,6-21,6-24DCS 1-36,2-3,5-14 ETN 1-36,2-2,2-8,3-1,4-1,5-1,6-1 PAD 7-2,8-21 PCM 1-5,1-7,1-14,1-18,B-1Analog 1-7,9-2trunk DS1 1-13,1-16,1-18 RS-232C1-13,D-9 Physical layer 1-11,1-15,D-2,D-9PRI 1-13, D-11 RS-232C1-13,6-3 RNX 2-10 Subnet trunking 2-11, 2-14, 4-91-39, C-3, C-5, C-6 Intelligent main 2-4, 4-4, 4-7 Analog 1-3,7-2,7-4 Bypass access 1-37,4-7,4-8,5-1,5-4 T1 carrier 1-6,1-18,1-32TCM 2-11,6-23 ﬁnal 5-2,C-9 Uniform dial plan 2-5, 2-8, 2-9 Analog 1-9Uniform numbering 2-8, 5-1, 5-5 Auxiliary 1-10, 1-35 IN-12 Index