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Chaparral G5312/G7313, K5312/K7313 manual Array Basics, Array Types, RAID 0 Striped Disks

Models: K5312/K7313 G5312/G7313

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Array Basics

Chaparral’s RAID controllers let you set up and manage disk arrays. A disk array is a group of disks that appears to the system as a single virtual disk. This is accomplished through software resident in the RAID controller. RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) refers to disk arrays in which part of the array storage capacity may be used to store redundant information. The redundant information lets you restore user data if a disk in the array fails.

The host system views the controller as a single SCSI disk drive. It is actually an array of physical disks behind a RAID controller. The controller is managed by software to appear as a single very large physical disk. Depending on the array type, the virtual disk has advantages in fault-tolerance, cost, performance, or a combination of these. This section explains the different array types and the disk requirements for each type.

Array Types

Array types are defined by their RAID level, a number from 0 through 5 (a higher RAID level does not necessarily indicate a higher level of performance or fault- tolerance). Chaparral’s RAID controllers let you create the types of arrays that have proven to be the most useful for RAID applications: RAID 0, 1, 1/0 (also known as mirrored), 3, 4, 5, 50, and Volume Sets.

RAID 0 (Striped Disks)

In a RAID 0 array, data is distributed, or striped, across the disks in the array. The array appears to the server as one large disk with a capacity approximately equal to the combined capacity of the physical disks. Because multiple reads and writes can be handled in parallel, the input/output performance of the array is much better than that of a single physical disk.

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Chaparral G5312/G7313, K5312/K7313 manual Array Basics, Array Types, RAID 0 Striped Disks

Contents

User’s Guide Page Technical Support CopyrightTrademarks ChangesCanadian Compliance Statement Contents Hardware Installation Monitoring System Status Managing Disk Drives and Enclosures Glossary K-Series User’s Guide Viii About This Guide IntroductionMotherboard Ultra2 Scsi Channels G-Series Product FeaturesConventions Motherboard CPU Subsystem G-SeriesHardware Configuration and Management Support G-Series Battery Interface G-SeriesMotherboard Disk Cache G-Series Motherboard Ultra2 Scsi Channels K-Series Onboard Connectors G-SeriesDaughterboard G-Series Motherboard CPU Subsystem K-SeriesMotherboard Disk Cache K-Series Integrated Battery Backup and Interface K-SeriesFibre Channel Connection K-Series Fibre Channel FeaturesHardware Configuration and Management Support K-Series Onboard Connectors K-SeriesElectrical G-Series SpecificationsSpecifications Physical G-SeriesEnvironmental G-Series 3shows the environmental specifications of the controllersBattery G-Series Electrical K-Series Physical K-SeriesEnvironmental K-Series 7shows the environmental specifications of the controllersBattery K-Series External Documents Reference DocumentsChaparral Documents K-Series User’s Guide Connecting to the Fibre Channel Port Hardware InstallationConnecting the Controller Connecting to the Scsi PortTo connect to the Fibre Channel port Connecting to the RS-232 PortTo connect to the RS-232 port K-Series User’s Guide Setting Value Accessing the Disk Array Administrator SoftwareSettingValue Do this Navigating the Disk Array Administrator SoftwareChanging the Screen Display Disk Array Administrator Menu TreeSelect Function Menu tree K-Series User’s Guide Creating Arrays Creating and Managing ArraysMinimum Maximum RAID Level No. Drives To create an array Creating and Managing Arrays RAID Type screen displays Scsi ID K-Series User’s Guide Creating and Managing Arrays Viewing Array Status Managing ArraysTo view the status of an array To view the array statistics Viewing Array StatisticsCreating and Managing Arrays To reset array statistics Resetting Array StatisticsTo view drive status Viewing Drive StatusTo stop the array initialization process Stopping the Array Initialization ProcessSelect Abort Initialization and press Enter To verify an array Verifying an ArrayTo view verification status Viewing Verification StatusTo stop the verification process Reconstructing an ArrayRAID Level Number of Drives You Can Add Expanding Array CapacityTo expand an array To view expand status Viewing Expand StatusTo change the array LUN Changing the Array LUNTrusting an Array Changing the Array NameTo change the array name To trust an array To delete an array Deleting an ArrayDisplaying the Event Log Monitoring System StatusViewing One Event at a Time Viewing the Most Recent EventSelect View Event Log and press Enter To display one event at a timeTo capture the event log file Viewing a Whole Screen of EventsCapturing the Event Log File To display a whole screen of eventsGroup Field What displays Displaying Hardware and Configuration InformationLUN Capi SEP To display hardware information onlyPress Esc to return to the Utilities Menu To display hardware and configuration information Displaying Overall Statistics To access the general array statistics To access the read/write histogram To reset overall statistics Resetting Overall StatisticsManaging Dedicated Spares Managing SparesTo add a dedicated spare Adding a Dedicated SpareDeleting a Dedicated Spare Enabling Dynamic SparesTo delete a dedicated spare drive To enable dynamic spares Adding a Spare to the Spare Pool Managing the Spare PoolTo add a pool spare To delete a spare from the spare pool Deleting a Spare from the Spare PoolSelect Delete Pool Spare and press Enter To display the spare pool Displaying the Spare PoolSelect Display Pool Spares and press Enter K-Series User’s Guide Rebooting the Controller Configuring the ControllerTo shut down and restart the controller Changing the Date and TimeTo set the controller’s date To set the controller’s time Understanding LUNs Configuring the Controller Changing the Controller’s Target ID and LUN Do this To change the controller’s target ID and LUNKeep the same Loop ID for the channel at all times To configure the channel Configuring the Scsi ChannelsK-Series User’s Guide 1shows an example of how you can use LUN zoning Working with LUN ZoningTo view known WWNs Viewing Known WWNsSelect Display Host List and press Enter To create or change names for WWNs Creating Names Aliases for Server WWNsSelect Add or Name Host and press Enter To set up LUN zoning Configuring LUN ZoningK-Series User’s Guide To change the sample rate Changing the Sample RateAlarm threshold What to do when the alarm sounds Changing the Alarm Mute SettingSoftware To enable or disable the alarmTo lock the cache setting Locking the Cache SettingTo change the battery setting Enabling and Disabling the BatteryChanging the Utility Priority To change Utility priority Rescanning All ChannelsSelect Utility Priority and press Enter To rescan all channels Pausing I/OTo pause I/O Restoring Default SettingsUpgrading the Controller’s Firmware To restore the default settingsSelect Restore Defaults and press Enter Upgrading FirmwareSee Chaparral Technical Support on To upgrade the controller’s firmwareK-Series User’s Guide Managing Disk Drives Managing Disk Drives and EnclosuresDisplaying All Drives Displaying Drive InformationTo display all drives To view drive status Clearing Metadata from a DriveEnabling and Disabling Write-back Cache To change the write-back cache settingTo clear metadata from a drive K-Series User’s Guide To display disk cache status Displaying Disk Cache StatusEnabling and Disabling Smart Changes To enable or disable Smart changesTo blink a drive Blinking a Drive LEDTo take down a drive Taking Down a DriveManaging SAF-TE Enclosures Testing a DriveTo test a drive To change the SEP LUN Changing the SEP LUNDo this To change the SEP settings Changing the Additional SEP SettingsManaging Disk Drives and Enclosures K-Series User’s Guide Chaparral Technical Support TroubleshootingTerminal Emulator and COM Port Problems Problem Screen continuously puts out garbage charactersProblem Screen is updated, but won’t respond to keystrokes Array ProblemsProblem Array is much smaller than it should be Problem The host Scsi Bios scan hangs Host Scsi Channel ProblemsTo change the backoff percentage Problems During Bootup Device Scsi Channel ProblemsProblem The system hangs at CTsrv starting Controller ProblemsProblem Controller failed the onboard memory test Problem One of the Post diagnostic test failedProblem The controller reports a Battery error Problem The controller reports a Sdram memory errorCritical Event Definition Recommended ActionWarn ErrorsDisk Errors Using the Loader Diagnostics MenuUsing the Loader Utility Menu Understanding Scsi ErrorsDescriptions Sense Key DescriptionDisk Channel Errors Error Code Description Voltage and Temperature Errors and Warnings K-Series User’s Guide Array Types Array BasicsRAID 0 Striped Disks RAID RAID 1, RAID 1/O Mirrored DisksArray Basics Comparing RAID Levels Volume SetsMin No Description Strengths Weaknesses Level Drives RAID 3 RAID Mixing Disks on Different RAID Controller Channels Glossary K-Series User’s Guide Glossary K-Series User’s Guide Glossary K-Series User’s Guide Index K-Series User’s Guide Index K-Series User’s Guide Index Scsi ID Index K-Series User’s Guide