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Compaq 850 4.4 SYSTEM RESOURCES, 4.4.1 INTERRUPTS, 4.4.1.1 Maskable Interrupts

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Technical Reference Guide

Compaq Deskpro EXS and Workstation 300 Personal Computers

Featuring the Intel Pentium 4 Processor

First Edition - December 2000

4-15

4.4 SYSTEM RESOURCES

This section describes the availability and basic control of major subsystems, otherwise known as

resource allocation or simply “system resources.” System resources are provided on a priority

basis through hardware interrupts and DMA requests and grants.

4.4.1 INTERRUPTS

The microprocessor uses two types of hardware interrupts; maskable and nonmaskable. A

maskable interrupt can be enabled or disabled within the microprocessor by the use of the STI and

CLI instructions. A nonmaskable interrupt cannot be masked off within the microprocessor,

although it may be inhibited by hardware or software means external to the microp rocessor.

4.4.1.1 Maskable Interrupts

The maskable interrupt is a hardware-generated signal used by peripheral functions within the

system to get the attention of the microprocessor. Peripheral functions produce a unique INTA-H

(PCI) or IRQ0-15 (ISA) signal that is routed to interrupt processing logic that asserts the interrupt

(INTR-) input to the microprocessor. The microprocessor halts execution to determine the source

of the interrupt and then services the peripheral as appropriate. Figure 4-9 shows the routing of

PCI and ISA interrupts. Most IRQs are routed through the I/O controller, which contains a

serializing function. A serialized interrupt stream is applied to the 82801 ICH.

Figure 4-9. Maskable Interrupt Processing, Block Diagram

The 82801 ICH2 component can be configured (through the Setup utility) to handle interrupts in

one of two modes of operation:

♦ 8259 mode

♦ APIC mode

82801

ICH2

Interrupt

Processing

Serial IRQ

IRQ14,15

INTA-..D-

IRQ3..7,

9..12,

14,15

IDE

Hard Drives INTR-

Microprocessor

I/O &

SM Functions

PCI Peripherals

I/O Controller

Interrupt

Serializer

APIC Bus

Contents

Main Page Page Page Page Page NOTICE Page TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Page Page Page Page Page Technical Reference Guide x LIST OF FIGURES xi Page xiii LIST OF TABLES Page Page Page Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1. Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 ABOUT THIS GUIDE 1.1.1 USING THIS GUIDE 1.1.2 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION SOURCES 1.2 MODEL NUMBERING CONVENTION Page 1-3 1.4 COMMON ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS Continued Chapter 1 Introduction Continued 1-4 Continued 1-5 Chapter 1 Introduction 1-6 Chapter 2 SYSTEM OVERVIEW 2. Chapter 2 SYSTEM OVERVIEW 2.1 INTRODUCTION 2.2 FEATURES AND OPTIONS 2.2.1 STANDARD FEATURES 2.2.2 OPTIONS 2.3 MECHANICAL DESIGN 2.3.1 CABINET LAYOUTS 2.3.1.1 Front Views ! 2-5 2.3.1.2 Rear View Figure 2-3 shows the rear cabinet layout of the controls and connectors. Figure 23. Rear Cabinet View 2.3.2 CHASSIS LAYOUT 2-7 2.3.3 BOARD LAYOUT Figure 25. System Board Layout 2.4 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE 2-9 Figure 26. System Architecture, Block diagram 2.4.1 PENTIUM 4 PROCESSOR 2.4.2 CHIPSET 2.4.3 SUPPORT COMPONENTS 2.4.4 SYSTEM MEMORY 2.4.5 MASS STORAGE 2.4.6 SERIAL, PARALLEL INTERFACES 2.4.7 UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS INTERFACE 2-13 2.4.8 GRAPHICS SUBSYSTEM 2.4.9 AUDIO SUBSYSTEM 2.5 SPECIFICATIONS Page Chapter 2 System Overview 2-16 Table 2-10. Hard Drive Specifications Table 2-10. Hard Drive Specifications Chapter 3 PROCESSOR/ MEMORY SUBSYSTEM 3. Chapter 3 PROCESSOR/MEMORY SUBSYSTEM 3.1 INTRODUCTION 3.2 PENTIUM 4 PROCESSOR 3.2.1 PROCESSOR OVERVIEW Page 3.2.2 PROCESSOR UPGRADING ! 3.3 MEMORY SUBSYSTEM 3.3.1 RAMBUS ATTRIBUTES 3.3.2 RAMBUS CHANNEL TRANSACTIONS 3.3.3 RDRAM POWER MANAGEMENT 3.3.4 RDRAM CONFIGURATION/CONTROL 3-9 Figure 36. System Memory Map 3.4 SUBSYSTEM CONFIGURATION Chapter 4 SYSTEM SUPPORT 4. Chapter 4 SYSTEM SUPPORT 4.1 INTRODUCTION 4.2 PCI BUS OVERVIEW 4.2.1 PCI BUS TRANSACTIONS 4.2.1.1 I/O and Memory Cycles 4.2.1.2 Configuration Cycles Chapter 4 System Support 4-4 Featuring the Intel Pentium 4 Processor 4-5 PCI Configuration Space Type 0 PCI Configuration Space Type 1 4.2.2 PCI BUS MASTER ARBITRATION Page 4.2.7 PCI CONFIGURATION 4-9 4.2.8 PCI CONNECTOR 4.3 AGP BUS OVERVIEW 4.3.1 BUS TRANSACTIONS 4.3.1.1 Data Request 4.3.1.2 Data Transfers AGP 1X Transfers AGP 2X Transfers AGP 4X Transfers 4.3.2 AGP CONFIGURATION 4.3.3 AGP CONNECTOR 4.4 SYSTEM RESOURCES 4.4.1 INTERRUPTS 4.4.1.1 Maskable Interrupts 8259 Mode APIC Mode 4.4.1.2 Non-Maskable Interrupts NMI- Generation SMI- Generation 4.4.2 DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS 4.5 SYSTEM CLOCK DISTRIBUTION 4.6 REAL-TIME CLOCK AND CONFIGURATION MEMORY 4.6.1 CLEARING CMOS 4.6.2 CMOS ARCHIVE AND RESTORE 4.6.3 STANDARD CMOS LOCATIONS 4-23 RTC Control Register A, Byte 0Ah RTC Control Register B, Byte 0Bh RTC Status Register C, Byte 0Ch RTC Status Register D, Byte 0Dh Page Page Page 4-27 Configuration Byte 26h, Auxiliary Peripheral Configuration Configuration Byte 27h, Speed Control/External Drive Configuration Byte 28h, Expanded and Base Memory, IRQ12 Select Page Page Page 4.7 SYSTEM MANAGEMENT 4.7.1 SECURITY FUNCTIONS 4.7.1.1 Power-On Password 4.7.1.2 Setup Passw ord 4.7.1.3 Cable Lock Provision 4.7.1.4 I/O Interface Security 4.7.2 POWER MANAGEMENT 4.7.3 SYSTEM STATUS 4.7.4 TEMPERATURE SENSING AND COOLING 4.8 REGISTER MAP AND MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTIONS 4.8.1 SYSTEM I/O MAP 4.8.2 82801 ICH GENERAL PURPOSE FUNCTIONS 4.8.3 I/O CONTROLLER FUNCTIONS 4.8.3.1 LPC47B357 GPIO Utilization 4.8.3.2 LPC47B357 I/O Controller Miscellaneous Functions Page Chapter 5 INPUT/OUTPUT INTERFACES 5. Chapter 5 INPUT/OUTPUT INTERFACES 5.1 INTRODUCTION 5.2 ENHANCED IDE INTERFACE 5.2.1 IDE PROGRAMMING 5.2.1.1 IDE Configuration Registers 5.2.1.2 IDE Bus Master Control Registers 5.2.2 IDE CONNECTOR 5.3 DISKETTE DRIVE INTERFACE 5.3.1 DISKETTE DRIVE PROGRAMMING 5.3.1.1 Diskette Drive Interface Configuration 5.3.1.2 Diskette Drive Interface Control Chapter 5 Input/Output Interfaces Table 5-5. Diskette Drive Interface Control Registers 5-7 5.3.2 DISKETTE DRIVE CONNECTOR 5.4 SERIAL INTERFACE 5.4.1 RS-232 INTERFACE 5.4.2 SERIAL INTERFACE PROGRAMMING 5.4.2.1 Serial Interface Configuration 5.4.2.2 Serial Interface Control 5.5 PARALLEL INTERFACE 5.5.1 STANDARD PARALLEL PORT MODE 5.5.2 ENHANCED PARALLEL PORT MODE 5.5.3 EXTENDED CAPABILITIES PORT MODE 5.5.4 PARALLEL INTERFACE PROGRAMMING 5.5.4.1 Parallel Interface Configuration 5.5.4.2 Parallel Interface Control 5.5.5 PARALLEL INTERFACE CONNECTOR 5.6 KEYBOARD/POINTING DEVICE INTERFACE 5.6.1 KEYBOARD INTERFACE OPERATION Page 5.6.2 POINTING DEVICE INTERFACE OPERATION 5.6.3 KEYBOARD/POINTING DEVICE INTERFACE PROGRAMMING 5.6.3.1 8042 Configuration 5.6.3.2 8042 Control Chapter 5 Input/Output Interfaces 5.6.4 KEYBOARD/POINTING DEVICE INTERFACE CONNECTOR 5.7 UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS INTERFACE 5.7.1 USB DATA FORMATS Page 5.7.2 USB PROGRAMMING 5.7.2.1 USB Configuration 5.7.2.2 USB Control 5.7.3 USB CONNECTOR 5.7.4 USB CABLE DATA 5.8 AUDIO SUBSYSTEM 5.8.1 FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS 5-27 Figure 5-9. Audio Subsystem Functional Block Diagram 5.8.2 AUDIO CONTROLLER 5.8.3 AC97 LINK BUS 5.8.4 AUDIO CODEC 5.8.5 AUDIO PROGRAMMING 5.8.5.1 Audio Configuration 5.8.5.2 Audio Control 5.8.6 AUDIO SPECIFICATIONS 5.9 NETWORK SUPPORT 5.9.1 PCI VER. 2.2 SUPPORT 5.9.2 ALERT-ON-LAN SUPPORT Page 5.9.3 REMOTE SYSTEM ALERT SUPPORT Page Chapter 6 POWER and SIGNAL DISTRIBUTION 6. Chapter 6 POWER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION 6.1 INTRODUCTION 6.2 POWER SUPPLY ASSEMBLY/CONTROL 6.2.1 POWER SUPPLY ASSEMBLY 6.2.2 POWER CONTROL 6.2.2.1 Power Button 6.2.2.2 System Board LED Indications 6.2.2.3 Power LED Indications 6.2.2.4 Wake Up Events 6-5 6.3 POWER DISTRIBUTION 6.3.1 3.3/5/12 VDC DISTRIBUTION Figure 62. Power Cable Diagram Chapter 6 Power and Signal Distribution 6-6 6.3.2 LOW VOLTAGE PRODUCTION/DISTRIBUTION 6-7 6.4 SIGNAL DISTRIBUTION Figures 6-4 shows general signal distribution between the main subassemblies of the system units. Figure 64. Signal Distribution Diagram, Typical Configuration System Board Page Chapter 7 BIOS ROM 7. Chapter 7 BIOS ROM 7.1 INTRODUCTION 7.2 ROM FLASHING 7.2.1 UPGRADING 7.2.2 CHANGEABLE SPLASH SCREEN 7.3 BOOT FUNCTIONS 7.3.1 BOOT DEVICE ORDER 7.3.2 NETWORK BOOT (F12) SUPPORT 7.3.3 MEMORY DETECTION AND CONFIGURATION 7.3.4 BOOT ERROR CODES 7.4 SETUP UTILITY 7-7 7-8 7-9 7-10 7-11 7.5 CLIENT MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS Page 7.5.1 SYSTEM ID AND ROM TYPE 7.5.2 EDID RETRIEVE 7.5.3 TEMPERATURE STATUS 7.5.4 DRIVE FAULT PREDICTION 7.6 PNP SUPPORT 7.6.1 SMBIOS 7.7 POWER MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS 7.7.1 INDEPENDENT PM SUPPORT 7.7.1.1 Staying Awake In Independent PM System Timer IDE Hard Drive Timer Page 7.7.2 ACPI SUPPORT 7.7.3 APM 1.2 SUPPORT 7-20 Table 7-6. APM BIOS Functions Table 7-6. APM BIOS Functions 7.7.3.1 Staying Awake in APM System Timer IDE Hard Drive Timer 7.7.3.2 Going to Sleep in APM System/Hard Drive Standby System Suspend System OFF 7.7.3.3 Waking Up in APM 7.8 USB LEGACY SUPPORT Page Appendix A ERROR MESSAGES AND CODES A. Appendix A ERROR MESSAGES AND CODES A.1 INTRODUCTION A.2 BEEP/KEYBOARD LED CODES Compaq Personal Computers A-2 A.3 POWER-ON SELF TEST (POST) MESSAGES Table A2. Power-On Self Test (POST) Messages Table A-2. Power-On Self Test (POST) Messages A.4 SYSTEM ERROR MESSAGES (1xx-xx) Compaq Personal Computers A-4 A.5 MEMORY ERROR MESSAGES (2xx-xx) Table A4. Memory Error Messages Table A-4. Memory Error Messages A.6 KEYBOARD ERROR MESSAGES (30x-xx) Table A5. Keyboard Error Messages Table A-5. Keyboard Error Messages A.7 PRINTER ERROR MESSAGES (4xx-xx) A.8 VIDEO (GRAPHICS) ERROR MESSAGES (5xx-xx) A.9 DISKETTE DRIVE ERROR MESSAGES (6xx-xx) A.10 SERIAL INTERFACE ERROR MESSAGES (11xx-xx) A-7 A.11 MODEM COMMUNICATIONS ERROR MESSAGES (12xx-xx) Compaq Personal Computers A-8 A.12 SYSTEM STATUS ERROR MESSAGES (16xx-xx) Table A11. System Status Error Messages Table A-11. System Status Error Messages A.13 HARD DRIVE ERROR MESSAGES (17xx-xx) Table A12. Hard Drive Error Messages Table A-12. Hard Drive Error Messages A-9 A.14 HARD DRIVE ERROR MESSAGES (19xx-xx) Table A13. Hard Drive Error Messages Table A-13. Hard Drive Error Messages A.15 VIDEO (GRAPHICS) ERROR MESSAGES (24xx-xx) A.16 AUDIO ERROR MESSAGES (3206-xx) A.17 DVD/CD-ROM ERROR MESSAGES (33xx-xx) A.18 NETWORK INTERFACE ERROR MESSAGES (60xx-xx) A.19 SCSI INTERFACE ERROR MESSAGES (65xx-xx, 66xx-xx, 67xx-xx) A.20 POINTING DEVICE INTERFACE ERROR MESSAGES (8601-xx) Page Appendix B ASCII CHARACTER SET B. B.1 INTRODUCTION Appendix B ASCII Character Set B-2 Appendix C KEYBOARD C. Appendix C KEYBOARD C.1 INTRODUCTION C.2 KEYSTROKE PROCESSING C.2.1 PS/2-TYPE KEYBOARD TRANSMISSIONS C.2.2 USB-TYPE KEYBOARD TRANSMISSIONS C-5 C.2.3 KEYBOARD LAYOUTS C.2.3.1 Standard Enhanced Keyboards Figure C3. U.S. English (101-Key) Keyboard Key Positions Figure C4. National (102-Key) Keyboard Key Positions Compaq Personal Computers C.2.3.2 Windows Enhanced Keyboards Figure C5. U.S. English Windows (101W-Key) Keyboard Key Positions Figure C6. National Windows (102W-Key) Keyboard Key Positions C.2.3.3 Easy Access Keyboards C.2.4 KEYS C.2.4.1 Special Single-Keystroke Functions C.2.4.2 Multi-Keystroke Functions C.2.4.3 Windows Keystrokes C.2.4.4 Easy Access Keystrokes C.2.5 KEYBOARD COMMANDS C.2.6 SCAN CODES Compaq Personal Computers C-12 Table C2. Keyboard Scan Codes Table C-2. Keyboard Scan Codes Continued C-13 Continued Compaq Personal Computers C-14 C-15 C.3 CONNECTORS Appendix D COMPAQ/NVIDIA TNT2 PRO D. Appendix D Compaq/NVIDIA TNT2 Pro AGP Graphics Card D.1 INTRODUCTION D.2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION D.3 DISPLAY MODES D.4 SOFTWARE SUPPORT INFORMATION D.5 POWER MANAGEMENT AND CONSUMPTION D.6 CONNECTORS D.6.1 MONITOR CONNECTOR Page Appendix E COMPAQ/NVIDIA GeForce2 GTS E. Appendix E Compaq/NVIDIA GeForce2 GTS AGP Graphics E.1 INTRODUCTION E.2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION E.3 DISPLAY MODES E.4 SOFTWARE SUPPORT INFORMATION E.5 POWER MANAGEMENT AND CONSUMPTION E.6 CONNECTORS E.6.1 MONITOR CONNECTOR E.6.2 VIDEO FEATURE CONNECTOR Appendix F COMPAQ/LUCENT V.90 56K PCI MODEM F. Appendix F Compaq/Lucent V.90 56K PCI Modem F.1 INTRODUCTION F.2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION F.3 OPERATING PARAMETERS F.3.1 UART TRANSFER RATES F.3.2 TRANSMISSION MODES Page Appendix G COMPAQ/ELSA Gloria II G. Appendix G Compaq/ELSA Gloria II Graphics Card G.1 INTRODUCTION G.2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION G.3 DISPLAY MODES G.4 SOFTWARE SUPPORT INFORMATION G.5 POWER MANAGEMENT AND CONSUMPTION G.6 CONNECTORS G.6.1 MONITOR CONNECTOR G.6.2 VIDEO FEATURE CONNECTOR Appendix H COMPAQ/Matrox Millennium G450 H. Appendix G Compaq/Matrox Millennium G450 AGP Graphics H.1 INTRODUCTION H.2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION H.3 DISPLAY MODES H.4 SOFTWARE SUPPORT INFORMATION H.5 POWER MANAGEMENT AND CONSUMPTION H.6 CONNECTORS H.6.1 MONITOR CONNECTOR H.6.2 VIDEO FEATURE CONNECTOR Appendix I COMPAQ/INTEL NETWORK INTERFACE CONTROLLER ADAPTERS I. Appendix I Compaq/Intel Network Interface Controller Adapters I.1 INTRODUCTION I.2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION I.2.1 AOL FUNCTION I.2.2 WAKE UP FUNCTIONS I.2.3 IPSEC FUNCTION I.3 POWER MANAGEMENT SUPPORT I.3.1 APM ENVIRONMENT I.3.2 ACPI ENVIRONMENT I.4 ADAPTER PROGRAMMING I.4.1 CONFIGURATION I.4.2 CONTROL I.5 NETWORK CONNECTOR I.6 ADAPTER SPECIFICATIONS Page Appendix J COMPAQ/NVIDIA QUADRO2 MXR J. Appendix J Compaq/NVIDIA Quadro2 MXR AGP Graphics J.1 INTRODUCTION J.2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION J.3 DISPLAY MODES J.4 SOFTWARE SUPPORT INFORMATION J.5 POWER MANAGEMENT AND CONSUMPTION J.6 CONNECTORS J.6.1 MONITOR CONNECTOR Page Appendix K COMPAQ PCI 10/100 ETHERNET ADAPTER K. Appendix K Compaq PCI 10/100 Ethernet Adapter K.1 INTRODUCTION K.2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION K.2.1 AOL FUNCTION K.2.2 RSA FUNCTION K.2.3 WAKE UP FUNCTIONS K.3 POWER MANAGEMENT SUPPORT K.3.1 APM ENVIRONMENT K.3.2 ACPI ENVIRONMENT K.4 CONNECTORS K.4.1 NETWORK CONNECTOR K.4.2 AOL/SOS CONNECTOR K.4.3 SMBUS CONNECTOR K.4.4 WOL CONNECTOR K.5 ADAPTER SPECIFICATIONS Appendix L COMPAQ/ADAPTEC 29160N SCSI HOST ADAPTER L. Appendix L Compaq/Adaptec SCSI Host Adapter L.1 INTRODUCTION L.2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION L.3 SCSI ADAPTER PROGRAMMING L.3.1 SCSI ADAPTER CONFIGURATION L.3.2 SCSI ADAPTER CONTROL L.4 SPECIFICATIONS L.5 SCSI CONNECTORS L.5.1 EXTERNAL 50-PIN ULTRA SCSI CONNECTOR L.5.2 INTERNAL 50-PIN ULTRA SCSI CONNECTOR Appendix K Compaq PCI 10/100 Ethernet Adapter Compaq Personal Computers L-6 L.5.3 INTERNAL 68-PIN ULTRA160 SCSI CONNECTOR INDEX I.