Compaq 850 4.2.1 PCI BUS TRANSACTIONS, 4.2.1.1 I/O and Memory Cycles, 4.2.1.2 Configuration Cycles

Technical Reference Guide
Compaq Deskpro EXS and Workstation 300 Personal Computers
Featuring the Intel Pentium 4 Processor
First Edition - December 2000
4-3
4.2.1 PCI BUS TRANSACTIONS
The PCI bus consists of a 32-bit path (AD31-00 lines) that uses a multiplexed scheme for handling
both address and data transfers. A bus transaction consists of an address cycle and one or more
data cycles, with each cycle requiring a clock (PCICLK) cycle. High performance is realized
during burst modes in which a transaction with contiguous memory locations requires that only one
address cycle be conducted and subsequent data cycles are completed using auto-incremented
addressing. Four types of address cycles can take place on the PCI bus; I/O, memory,
configuration, and special. Address decoding is distributed (left up to each device on the PCI bus).
4.2.1.1 I/O and Memory Cycles
For I/O and memory cycles, a standard 32-bit address decode (AD31..0) for byte-level addressing
is handled by the appropriate PCI device. For memory addressing, PCI devices decode the
AD31..2 lines for dword-level addressing and check the AD1,0 lines for burst (linear-
incrementing) mode. In burst mode, subsequent data phases are conducted a dword at a time with
addressing assumed to increment accordingly (four bytes at a time).
4.2.1.2 Configuration Cycles
Devices on the PCI bus must comply with PCI protocol that allows configuration of that device by
software. In this system, configuration mechanism #1 (as described in the PCI Local Bus
specification Rev. 2.1) is employed. This method uses two 32-bit registers for initiating a
configuration cycle for accessing the configuration space of a PCI device. The configuration
address register (CONFIG_ADDRESS) at 0CF8h holds a value that specifies the PCI bus, PCI
device, and specific register to be accessed. The configuration data register (CONFIG_DATA) at
0CFCh contains the configuration data.
Bit Function Bit Function
31 Configuration Enable
0 = Disabled
1 = Enable
31..0 Configuration Data.
30..24 Reserved - read/write 0s
23..16 Bus Number. Selects PCI bus
15..11 PCI Device Number. Selects PCI
device for access
10..8 Function Number. Selects function of
selected PCI device.
7..2 Register I ndex. Specifies config. reg.
1,0 Configuration Cycle Type ID.
00 = Type 0
01 = Type 1
PCI Configuration Address Register
I/O Port 0CF8h, R/W, (32-bit access only) PCI Configuration Data Register I/O Port 0CFCh, R/W, (8-, 16-, 32-bit access)