Filtering, MAC Address Aging Time | D-Link DES-3326S specification

DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide

other ports. This process is referred to as ‘learning’ the network topology.

MAC Address Aging Time

The Aging Time affects the learning process of the Switch. Dynamic forwarding table entries, which are made up of the source MAC addresses and their associated port numbers, are deleted from the table if they are not accessed within the aging time.

The aging time can be from 10 to 1,000,000 seconds with a default value of 300 seconds. A very long aging time can result in dynamic forwarding table entries that are out-of-date or no longer exist. This may cause incorrect packet forwarding decisions by the switch.

If the Aging Time is too short however, many entries may be aged out too soon. This will result in a high percentage of received packets whose source addresses cannot be found in the forwarding table, in which case the switch will broadcast the packet to all ports, negating many of the benefits of having a switch.

Static forwarding entries are not affected by the aging time.

Filtering

The switch uses a filtering database to segment the network and control communication between segments. It can also filter packets off the network for intrusion control. Static filtering entries can be made by MAC Address or IP Address filtering.

Each port on the switch is a unique collision domain and the switch filters (discards) packets whose destination lies on the

Switch Management and Operating Concepts

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D-Link DES-3326S manual Filtering, MAC Address Aging Time

Contents

DES-3326S Wichtige Sicherheitshinweise Page Hardware Warranties Exclusive Software Page Link Offices for Registration and Warranty Service TrademarksCopyright Statement CE Mark Warning FCC WarningVcci Warning Bsmi Warning Viii Table of Contents Snmp Using WEB-BASED Management Xii Introduction Layer 3 Switching Introduction Functions of a Layer 3 Switch Performance Features FeaturesLayer 2 Features Ports DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Layer 3 Switch Features Management Traffic Classification and Prioritization Supports Web-based management Fast Ethernet Technology Switch Stacking Gigabit Ethernet Technology Unpacking Unpacking and Setup Desktop or Shelf Installation Installation Installing rubber feet for desktop installation Rack Installation 2B. Installing the switch on an equipment rack Power on Power Failure Front Panel Identifying External Components Rear Panel Rear panel view of the Switch Optional Plug-in Modules Side Panels 1000BASE-T Module 100BASE-FX Fiber Module 2Km/15Km 62.5 ∝m 1000BASE-SX Fiber Module BASE-LX two-port module 1000BASE-LX Fiber Module Stacking Module with Gbic Port Gbic Two-Port Module Stacking Port Gbic Port 11. Up to 6 Switches in a Switch Stack Stacking Module LED Indicators Switch LED Indicators 13. Stacking Module LED Indicators Switch to End Node Connecting Switch Switch connected to an End Node Switch to Hub or Switch Switch Stack Connections 10BASE-T Device Switch Stack connections between optional stacking Modules 100BASE-TX Device Local Console Management Switch Management Operating Concepts Diagnostic console port RS-232 DCE Managing Switch Stacks Switch Stack Order − First Determining the Switch Stack Order 2original Master 001122334450 Console Boot Screen Switch IP Address Traps Setting an IP Address Switch Management and Operating Concepts Snmp performs the following functions Snmp Traps Authentication DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Link Change Event This trap is sent MIBs Packet Forwarding MAC Address Aging Time Filtering Some filtering is done automatically by the switch Spanning Tree Parameter Description Default Value Variable Description Default Value Bridge Protocol Data Units Creating a Stable STP Topology Port transitions from one state to another as follows STP Port States STP Port State Transitions User-Changeable STA Parameters Feature Default Value DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Illustration of STP Before Applying the STA Rules After Applying the STA Rules Link Aggregation Link Aggregation Group VLANs Defaultvlan Ieee 802.1Q VLANs 802.1Q Vlan Packet ForwardingSome relevant terms Ieee 802.1Q Packet Forwarding 802.1Q Vlan Tags Ieee 802.1Q Tag Adding an Ieee 802.1Q Tag Port Vlan ID Switch Management and Operating Concepts Ingress Filtering Tagging and Untagging VLANs in Layer 2 Only Mode Layer 3-Based VLANs IP Addressing and SubnettingDefinitions IP Addresses 255 Binary to Decimal Conversion Address Classes Subnet Masking Calculating the Number of Subnets and Nodes Classless InterDomain Routing Cidr Class a Subnet Masks 10. Class B Subnet Masks Setting up IP Interfaces 12. Vlan Example Assigned Ports Internet Protocols OSI Seven Layer Network Model Protocol Layering Protocol Stack Layer Layer TCP/IP DES-3326S Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide TCP Packet Headers 10. TCP Packet Header Switch Management and Operating Concepts 100 Ethernet 101 12. Ethernet Packet Header 102 TCP and UDP Well-Known Ports 103 UDP and Icmp 104 13. Ethernet Packet Header Domain Name System Domain Name ResolutionMapping Domain Names to Addresses 105 106 Dhcp Servers 107 IP Routing 108 Packet Fragmentation and Reassembly 109 ARP Multicasting Multicast Groups110 111 Address Assignment 112 Internet Group Management Protocol Igmp 113 Igmp Versions 1 114 14. Igmp Type Codes 115 Multicast Routing Algorithms Flooding Multicast Spanning Trees116 117 Reverse Path Broadcasting RPB 118 Reverse Path Multicasting RPM Multicast Routing Protocols Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol Dvmrp119 Routing Protocols Protocol-Independent Multicast Dense ModeRouting Information Protocol RIP 120 121 122 RIP Version 1 Message Format 123 17. RIP v.1 Message Format 124 RIP 1 Message RIP Version 2 Extensions RIP 1 Route InterpretationRIP2 Message Format 125 126 Open Shortest Path First Ospf 127 Link-State Algorithm 128 Shortest Path Algorithm Ospf Cost Shortest Path Tree129 130 19. Constructing a Shortest Path Tree 131 20. Constructing a Shortest Path Tree 132 Areas and Border Routers 133 Link-State Packets 134 Simple Password Authentication Ospf AuthenticationMessage Digest Authentication MD-5 Backbone and Area Areas Not Physically Connected to Area Virtual LinksPartitioning the Backbone 136 137 Neighbors Designated Router Election AdjacenciesBuilding Adjacency 138 139 Adjacencies on Point-to-Point Interfaces Ospf Packet Formats140 Ospf Packet Header Field Description141 142 143 Hello Packet 144 Hello Packet 145 BDR 146 Database Description Packet 147 18. Database Description Packet 148 Link-State Request Packet 149 Link-State Update Packet 150 Link-State Acknowledgment Packet 151 Link-State Advertisement Formats 152 Link State Advertisement Header 153 Link-State Advertisement Header 154 155 Router Links Advertisements 156 Routers Links Advertisements 157 FieldDescription 158 159 160 Network Links Advertisements 161 Network Link Advertisements 162 Summary Link Advertisements 163 31. Summary Link Advertisement 164 Autonomous Systems External Link Advertisements 165 AS External Link Advertisements 166 167 Introduction Before You Start General Deployment Strategy168 169 Vlan Layout 170 Assigning IP Network Addresses and Subnet Masks to VLANs Getting Started That opens, click on the Login to DES-3326S Manager buttonManagement Defining Static Routes Configuring the Switch User Accounts Management172 173 User Accounts Control Table 174 Admin and User Privileges Configuration Mana Gement Admin User Saving Changes175 176 Save Changes Screen 177 Factory Reset 178 Setting Up Web Management 179 Ipaddress xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/yyy.yyy.yyy.yyy 180 Saving Configuration Changes 181 Starting and Stopping the Web-based Manager 182 Web-based Manager’s User Interface 183 Areas of the User Interface 184 Area Function Basic Setup Setting Up The SwitchSwitch Information Click the Switch Information link in the Configuration menu 186 10. Switch Information Basic Settings IP Address Configuring the Switch’s IP Address To set the switch’s IP address187 188 11. Basic Switch Setup Switch will send out a Bootp New Switch IP Settings options areBroadcast request when it is powered Up. The Bootp protocol allows IP 190 Manual Vlan Name Default GatewayManagement Station IP Addresses 191 Snmp Settings To setup the switch for remote management192 193 Configuring Community Strings 194 Setting Up Trap Receivers 195 Stacking Information 196 15. Switch Stack Display 197 17. Stacking Information 198 Show stacking mode/version 199 19. Console CLI show stack Command 200 Config stacking mode slave Config stacking mode master201 202 Configure Ports 203 22. Port Configurations − Edit Locking a Port’s MAC Address Learning Speed/Duplex Toggle the Speed/Duplex Auto field204 205 Serial Port Settings Baud Rate Data Bits206 Stop Bits Auto-Logout207 Configuring VLANs Advanced SetupTo create a new 802.1Q Vlan 208 209 To create a new 802.1Q VLAN, click the New button 210 26 .1Q Static VLANs Entry Settings Edit Tagged/Untagged PortUntagged Egress 212 213 Ingress Filter 214 To enable or disable GVRP, globally, on the switch 215 Layer 3 IP Networking 216 To setup IP Interfaces on the switch To setup an new IP interface, click the New button To edit an existing IP interface, click on the Edit button217 Interface Name IP Address218 Switch Setup the Routing Information Protocol RIPSubnet Mask Active Yes 220 32. RIP Status TX Mode Disabled RX Mode221 222 MD5 Key Table Configuration Key ID Key223 224 Setup Ospf Current Route ID AS Border Router Ospf Area SettingState 225 Stub Default Cost Default Cost Stub ImportArea ID Type Ospf Interface Configuration Remove227 Router Priority Hello Interval228 Auth Type Simple229 Key Configuration Ospf Interface Configuration − MonitorAuth Key Metric 231 Virtual Interface Configuration Neighbor Router Status232 233 Area Aggregation Configuration 234 Route Redistribution Settings Destination Source ProtocolProtocol Metric Type 236 237 IP Multicasting To configure Igmp Snooping Igmp Snooping SettingsState Disabled 238 Query Igmp Interface ConfigurationMax Response Robustness Var 240 46. Igmp Interface Setup Version Query Interval241 Max Response Dvmrp Interface ConfigurationTime Robustness 243 49. Dvmrp Interface Configuration − Edit Name System InterfaceProbe Interval 244 Neighbor Timeout Interval PIM-DM SettingsState Disabled Metric 246 50. PIM-DM Interface Configuration 247 51. PIM-DM Interface Configuration − Edit Join/Prune Static Router Port SettingsInterval 248 249 To setup a static router port 250 53. Static Router Port Settings − Add To configure a port for port mirroring Port Mirroring251 Source Port Direction Ingress252 To configure a forwarding priority for a given MAC address Priority253 254 56. MAC Address Priority − Add User Priority MAC AddressSource/Destinatio 255 256 IP Address Filtering 257 0.0 258 259 Forwarding 260 Unicast MAC Address Forwarding 261 63. Unicast MAC Address Settings − Add Multicast MAC Address Forwarding Unit262 263 65. Multicast MAC Address Settings 264 None 265 IP Forwarding To add a new static/default route, click the New button Gateway IP266 Static ARP To add a new static ARP entry, click the New button267 268 STP Switch Settings 269 72. STP Switch Settings 270 271 STP Port Settings 272 73. STP Port Settings Cost Priority273 274 275 74. Link Aggregation 276 Following fields can be set Utilities Update Firmware from ServerTftp Utilities Port Member 278 77. Download Firmware from Server 279 Use Configuration File on Server Save Settings To Server Save History Log to Server280 281 Utilities BOOTP/DHCP Relay Relay Status Bootp Hops Count LimitRelay Time Threshold 282 283 To add a new entry, click the New button To configure DNS Relay, click on the DNS Relay link DNS Relay284 285 Address The IP address of the domain name To add a new entry to the table, click on the New button0.0 Above Network Monitoring Port Utilization287 288 87. Port Utilization window Port Error Statistics Update289 290 88. Port Error Packet Statistics window CRC Error Update IntervalRX Frames Undersize TX Frames Drop PacketsExcessive Deferral Late Collision 293 Port Packet Analysis Frames/sec FramesUnicast RX Frames/sec Multicast RX Total/sec TX Bytes MAC Address TableTotal/sec TX Frames Total/sec 296 IP Address Table 297 298 91. IP Address Table Routing Table 300 Netmask To view the switch’s ARP table, click on the ARP Table link ARP Table301 302 93. ARP Table Ospf Link State Database Table Area ID Displays the Ospf Area ID303 304 Sequence Ospf Neighbor Table Priorityrouter305 Ospf Virtual Neighbor Table 307 Dvmrp Neighbor Address Table Learned Gvrp StatusName Expire Router Ports Igmp Snooping Status309 310 100. Igmp Snooping Table 311 IP Multicast Forwarding Table Igmp Group Table Protocol Routing protocol in use312 Dvmrp Routing Table Querier IP313 To view the switch history log Switch HistoryClick the Switch History link on the Applications menu 314 315 104. Switch History 316 Technical Specifications 317 Physical and Environmental EMI 318 319 Understanding Troubleshooting Spanning Tree Protocol Port in the blocking state does the following Blocking State 321 Port in the listening state does the following Listening State 323 Port in the learning state does the following Learning State 325 Port in the forwarding state does the following Forwarding State 327 Disabled port does the following Disabled State 329 Spanning Tree Protocol Failure Troubleshooting STP 331 Full/Half Duplex Mismatch Unidirectional Link 333 Packet Corruption Resource Errors Identifying a Data Loop Know where the root is locatedAvoiding Trouble Know which links are redundant Minimize the number of ports in the blocking state 337 Understanding and Troubleshooting the Spanning Tree Protocol 339 Impact of Layer 3 Switching Understanding and Troubleshooting the Spanning Tree Protocol 341 Brief Review Bitwise Logical Operations Not Index Spanning Tree Protocol Vlan Offices Registration Card