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Dell manual G u r e 3 4 . R a I D 1 0 a r r a y

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F i g u r e 3 - 4 . R A I D 1 0 A r r a y

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Data Flow

RAID 1

RAID 1

Disk 1

Disk 2

Disk 3

D

Disk 4

Segment 1	Segment 1			Segment 2	Segment 2

Segment 3	Segment 3			Segment 4	Segment 4


Segment 5	Segment 5			Segment 6	Segment 6

RAID 0

RAID 50

RAID 50 provides the features of both RAID 0 and RAID 5. RAID 50 includes both parity and disk striping across multiple drives. RAID 50 is best implemented on two RAID 5 disk arrays with data striped across both disk arrays.

RAID 50 breaks up data into smaller blocks, and then stripes the blocks of data to each RAID 5 array. RAID 5 breaks up data into smaller blocks, calculates parity by performing an exclusive-or on the blocks, and then writes the blocks of data and parity to each drive in the array. The size of each block is determined by the stripe size parameter, which is set during the creation of the RAID set.

50

RAID Levels

Image 52

Dell manual G u r e 3 4 . R a I D 1 0 a r r a y

Contents

Perc 3 User’s Guide July 5C229 Safety Instructions GeneralWhen Using Your Computer When Working Inside Your Computer Protecting Against Electrostatic Discharge Ergonomic Computing Habits Battery Disposal W . d e l l . c o m s u p p o r t . d e l l . c o m Contents Perc 3/SC Fault Tolerance Features Configuration on Disk ConfigurationOperating System Software Drivers Hardware Architecture Features Array Performance Features Perc 3/SC BiosPerc 3/QC Features Configuring Scsi Physical Drives102 Planning the Array Configuration103 118 119120 131136 135150 Enabling and Disabling the Cluster Mode 185 163167 173190 Designating Drives as Hot Spares 195196 197Glossary Index Figures Figures Tables Perc 3/QC Specifications 182 Bios Boot Error Messages E r v i e w C T I O NPerc 3 Features Perc 3 OverviewScsi Connectors Scsi ChannelsMaximum Cable Length for Scsi Standards Single-Ended and LVD Scsi BusesScsi Bus Widths and Maximum Throughput Operating System Support Scsi Standard Scsi Bus Width Scsi ThroughputOver view Introduction to RAID Perc 3 Host-Based RAID Solution RAID DefinitionComponents and Features Fault TolerancePhysical Array Logical DriveConsistency Check Disk StripingStripe Size Stripe WidthG u r e 2 1 . E x a m pl e o f D i s k S t r i p i n g Disk Mirroring G u r e 2 2 . E xa m pl e o f D i s k M i r r or i n gDisk Spanning G u r e 2 3 . E x a m pl e o f D i s k S p an n i n gDescribes how to configure RAID 10 and RAID 50 by spanning Spanning for RAID 10 or RAIDParity Ta b l e 2 2 . Ty pe s o f Par i t yHot Spares G u r e 2 4 . E x a m pl e o f Par i t yGlobal Hot Spare Disk RebuildsDedicated Hot Spare Hot Swap Scsi Drive StatesRebuild Rate Scsi drive states are listed in TableLogical Drive States Enclosure ManagementLogical drive states are listed in Table Ta b l e 2 3 . S C S I D r i v e S t a t e sRAID Levels Perc 3 also supports independent drives configured as RAID OverviewSelecting a RAID Level Tab l e 3 1 . R a I D Le v el sFault tolerance Does not provide fault tolerance. All data lost if anyRAID 0 provides high data throughput, especially for Large files. Any environment that does not requireDisplays an example of a RAID 0 array G u r e 3 1 . R a I D 0 a r r a yEnvironment that requires fault tolerance but small Ideal for any application that requires fault toleranceUse RAID 1 for small databases or any other CapacityG u r e 3 2 . R a I D 1 a r r a y Office automation and online customer service that Requires fault tolerance. Use for any application thatRAID 5 provides high data throughput, especially for Large files. Use RAID 5 for transaction processingDisplays an example of a RAID 5 array G u r e 3 3 . R a I D 5 a r r a yAny environment that requires a higher degree of fault 2n, where n is greater than 1. The maximum numberRAID 10 works best for data storage that needs 100% Redundancy of mirrored arrays and that also needsG u r e 3 4 . R a I D 1 0 a r r a y RAID 50 works best when used with data that requires High reliability, high request rates, and high dataTransfer and medium to large capacity RAID 50 provides high data throughput, dataDisplays an example of a RAID 50 array G u r e 3 5 . R a I D 5 0 a r r a yPerc 3/SC Features Configuration Features Specification FeatureHardware Requirements Ta b l e 4 1 . C o nf i g u r a t i o n Fe at u r e sSmart Technology Configuration on Disk ConfigurationTa b l e 4 1 . C on f i g u r a t i o n Fe at ur e s Hardware Architecture Features Array Performance FeaturesPerc 3/SC hardware architecture features are shown in Table Perc 3/SC array performance features are shown in TablePerc 3/SC Fault Tolerance Features Perc 3/SC fault tolerance features are shown in TableSoftware Utilities Perc 3/SC software utilities are shown in TablePerc 3/SC Specifications Perc 3/SC specifications are shown in TableTa b l e 4 7 . P E R C 3 / S C Specification s Operating System Software DriversPCI Bridge/CPU Cache MemoryOnboard Speaker Serial PortScsi Bus Scsi TerminationPerc 3 Bios Configuration Utility Feature DescriptionScsi Firmware RAID ManagementDell Manager WebBIOS Configuration UtilityDell OpenManage Array Manager Perc 3/DC and Perc 3/DCL Features Ta b l e 5 1 . C o nf i g u r a t i o n Fe at u r e s MB Dimm Perc 3/DCConfiguration on Disk Fe a t u r es Fault Tolerance Features Lists the fault tolerance featuresTa b l e 5 4 . a r r a y Pe r f o r m a nc e Fe at u r e s Ta b l e 5 5 . Fa u l t To l e r a n ce Fe at u r e sPerc 3/DC and Perc 3/DCL Specifications Lists the Perc 3/DC and Perc 3/DCL specificationsLists the software utilities Ta b l e 5 6 . S o f t w a r e U t i l i t i e sPCI Bridge/CPU Perc 3/DC and Perc 3/DCL Bios Ta b l e 5 8 . S C S I F i r mw ar e RAID Management Perc 3/QC Features Lists the Perc 3/QC configuration features Ta b l e 6 1 . C o n f i g u r at i on Fe a t u r e sSmart Technology Lists the Perc 3/QC hardware architecture features Lists the array performance featuresS k Fe a t u r es Ta b l e 6 4 . a r r a y Pe r f o r m a n ce Fe at u r e sFault tolerance features are listed in Table Software utilities are listed in TableTa b l e 6 4 . a r r a y Pe r f o r m a nc e Fe at u r e s Ta b l e 6 5 . Fa u l t To l e r a n ce Fe at u r e sPerc 3/QC Specifications Perc 3/QC specifications are listed in TableTa b l e 6 6 . S o f t w a r e U t i l i t i e s Ta b l e 6 7 . P E R C 3 / Q C S pe c i f i c a t i o n sTa b l e 6 7 . P E R C 3 / Q C Pe c i f i c a t i o n s Perc 3/QC Bios Ta b l e 6 8 . S C S I F i r mw ar e Dell Manager Configuring Perc Configuring Scsi Physical Drives Current ConfigurationDevice Description Scsi ChannelScsi ID Scsi ID Logical Drive Configuration LogicalLD2 LD3 LD4 LD5 LD6 LD7 LD8 LD9 Ta b l e 7 6 . P h y s i c al D ev i c e L a y o ut Physical Device LayoutChannel W . d e l l . c o m s u p p o r t . d e l l . c o m Ta b l e 7 6 . P h y s i c al D ev i c e L a y o ut Configuring Arrays Configuration Strategies Arranging ArraysCreating Hot Spares Creating Logical DrivesFault Tolerance Protection Maximizing CapacityMaximizing Drive Availability Description Drives Capacity Level RequiredAssigning RAID Levels Maximizing Drive PerformanceData Access Requirements Configuring Logical DrivesOptimizing Data Storage Array Functions Planning the Array ConfigurationQuestion Answer Using the Array Configuration Planner Overview Random Array DeletionTa b l e 7 1 Configuration Module 100Perc 3/SC Hardware Installation Requirements Optional EquipmentPerc 3/SC Card Layout Installation StepsG u r e 8 1 . P E R C 3 / S C C a r d L a yo u t Power Down License agreement Perc 3 configuration utilities disketteUnpack 104Set Jumpers J1 Termination EnableTab l e 8 1 . P E R C 3 / S C J u mp e r s J9 I2C Interface Connector J5 Serial PortTa b l e 8 3 . J9 N o u tJ10 Term Power J8 Hard Disk LEDJ15 Rubi Slot Interrupt Steering Ta b l e 8 5 . J 8 H a r d D i s k L E DSet Scsi Termination J16, J17 Rubi Slot Interrupt SteeringG u r e 8 2 . E xa m pl e o f S C S I Te r m i n at i on 108Scsi Termination Selecting a TerminatorTerminating Internal Scsi Disk Arrays 109ID2 G u r e 8 4 . P C I S l o t s o n M o t h e r b o ar d Install Perc 3/SC111 112 Connect Scsi Cables Connect Scsi DevicesG u r e 8 6 . C o n n e ct i n g S C S I C a b l e s 113Cable Suggestions Set Target IDs114 Power On Host System Ta b l e 8 Tar g etPriority Highest Lowest 115Install Operating System Software Drivers Run Perc 3 Bios Configuration Utility or WebBIOS Utility116 Perc 3/DC or Perc 3/DCL Hardware Installation Perc 3/DC or Perc 3/DCL Hardware Installation Perc 3/DC Card Layout G u r e 9 1 . P E R C 3 / D C C a r d L a y ou tPerc 3/DCL Card Layout G u r e 9 2 . P E R C 3 / D C L C ar d L ay o u tTa b l e 9 1 . J u mp e r S e t t i n g s Unpack the Perc 3/DC or Perc 3/DCL121 J2, and J3 Termination Enable J9 Onboard Bios EnableJ9 Setting Onboard Bios Status JumperJ11 Serial Port J10 Nvram ClearJ13 Dirty Cache LED J16 and J18 Termpwr Enable J14 Scsi Activity LEDTab l e 9 6 . J 1 3 D i r t y C ac h e L E D P i n ou t Ta b l e 9 7 . J1 4 S C S I a c t i v i t y P i n o u tJ17 I2C Connector J17 is a 4-pin header. -9 displays the J17 pinoutTa b l e 9 9 . J 1 7 I 2 C C o n n e ct or P i n o u t 125Install the Perc 3/DC or Perc 3/DCL Controller 126127 Select and Set Target IDs for Scsi Devices 128129 130 Install Operating System Software Driver Using Driver 5.22.1 or 5.22.2 and Firmware 161J or 161NUsing Driver 5.30 and Firmware Proceed to the Windows Device Manager132 Perc 3/QC Hardware Installation C T I O N 1134 Perc 3/QC Card Layout G u r e 1 0 1 . P E R C 3 / Q C C a r d L a yo u tLicense agreement Perc 3/QC Configuration Utilities diskette Unpack the Perc 3/QC ControllerTa b l e 1 0 1 . P E R C 3 / Q C J u m p er S et t i n g s 137J2, J3, J5, and J7 Termination Enable J9, J10, J11, and J12 Termpwr EnableJumper Term Settings Power Channel 138J14 Serial Port J19 Onboard Bios EnableJ17 Dirty Cache LED J23 External Battery J19 Setting Onboard Bios StatusTab l e 140G u r e 1 0 3 . E x a mp l e o f Te r m i n at i o n 141142 G u r e 1 0 5 . P C I S l o t s o n M o t h e r b o ar d Install Perc 3/QC143 144 G u r e 1 0 7 . C o n n e ct i n g S C S I C a b l e s 145146 Install Operating System Driver 147Perc 3/QC Hardware Installation Perc 3 Bios Configuration Utility Starting the Perc 3 Bios Configuration Utility Configuration On DiskSelect Configure Menu-View/Add Configuration Bios Configuration Utility Menu Options Option DescriptionConfigure Menu 152Initialize Menu Objects MenuAdapter Ta b l e 1 1 3 . a d ap t er M en u O p t i on s154 Cluster Mode and the Initiator ID Logical DriveVirtual Sizing Ta b l e 1 1 Log i c a l D r i v e M en u O p t i o nsPhysical Drive Select Enabled to enable Virtual Sizing156 Battery Information ChannelTa b l e 1 1 6 . S C S I C h an n e l M e nu O pt i o n s Menu Item ExplanationReset Battery Charge Counter Select Reset Battery Charge CounterFormat Menu Rebuild MenuConfiguring Arrays and Logical Drives Check Consistency MenuEasy Configuration Choosing the Configuration MethodNew Configuration View/Add Configuration Perc 3/QC and Perc 3/DC Default SettingsPerc 3/SC and Perc 3/DCL Default Settings Displays the default settings for Perc 3/QC and Perc 3/DCReserved Disk Space during Configuration Using the Objects-Physical Drive menuDesignating Drives as Hot Spares Press F4Using Easy Configuration 164 Set the Stripe Size from the Advanced Menu 165Set the Read Policy from the Advanced Menu Set the Write Policy from the Advanced Menu166 Using New Configuration Choose Configure-New Configuration from the Management Menu168 169 170 Set the Stripe Size Set the Write PolicySet the Read Policy 171Set the Cache Policy 172Using View/Add Configuration 174 175 176 177 Initializing Logical Drives Batch InitializationDeleting Logical Drives Random Array Deletion Individual InitializationMedia Errors Formatting Physical DrivesFormatting Drives Select Objects-Physical Drives from the Management MenuPhysical Drive action menu for a physical drive Batch FormattingSelect Format from the Management Menu Individual FormattingManual Rebuild Batch Mode Rebuilding Failed Disk DrivesManual Rebuild Rebuilding an Individual Drive Choose Rebuild from the Management MenuUsing a Pre-loaded Scsi Drive As-is Select Configure-Easy ConfigurationExiting the Perc 3 Bios Configuration Utility Setting Hardware TerminationEnabling and Disabling the Cluster Mode Cluster ModeClustering Select Objects-Adapter-Cluster Mode Select Enable or Disable 186Dell Manager First Dell Manager screen displays the Management Menu Starting Dell ManagerType this Using Dell Manager in Red Hat Linux GUI Mode Management Menu OptionsDisplays the options for the Dell Manager Management Menu Ta b l e 1 2 2 . M a na g e me n t M e n u O p t i o n sDell Manager Menu Options Ta b l e 1 2 3 . a d ap t er M en u O p t i on sLogical Drive Settings Parameter SettingTa b l e 1 2 3 . a d ap t er Me n u O p t i on s 191Physical Drive Menu Displays the options in the physical drive menuTab l e 1 2 192Battery Backup Scsi ChannelTa b l e 1 2 7 . S C S I C h an n e l O p t i on s Ta b l e 1 2 8 . B a t t er y B a ck u p M e n u I t e m s194 Reconstruct Menu Parameters Initializing Logical Drives Perform the following steps to initialize one logical drive Select Objects-Logical DriveChoose Objects-Logical Drive. The logical drives display Select Physical Drive-ObjectsChoose Format on the Management Menu Select Objects-Physical Drive on the Management MenuPerform the following steps to rebuild one drive Ta b l e 1 2 Re b u i l d Typ e sExiting Dell Manager Perform the following steps to rebuild more than one driveTr o u b l e s h o o t i n g Problem Suggested Solution Ta b l e 1 3 2 . B I O S B o ot Error M e s s a ge s Bios Boot Error MessagesMessage Problem Suggested Solution View/Add Configuration 206207 Explains the other Bios error messages that can display Other Bios Error MessagesTa b l e 1 3 3 . O t h er B I O S Error Me s s a g e s Other Potential Problems Describes other items that might cause problemsTa b l e 1 3 4 . O t h e r Po t e n t i a l P r o b l e ms Topic InformationTa b l e 1 3 5 . a u di bl e Wa r n i n g s Audible WarningsTone Pattern Meaning Examples Appendix a Scsi Cables and Connectors Appendix a Scsi Cables and Connectors Appendix B Warranties and Return Policy One-Year Limited Warranty U.S. Only 214215 Two-Year Limited Warranty U.S. Only 216Limited Warranty Coverage During Year One 217Limited Warranty Coverage During Year Two 218General Provisions 219Three-Year Limited Warranty U.S. Only 220Limited Warranty Coverage During Years Two and Three 221222 Four-Year Limited Warranty U.S. Only 223Limited Warranty Coverage During Years Two, Three, and Four 224225 One-Year Limited Warranty Canada Only 226227 Two-Year Limited Warranty Canada Only 228229 230 Three-Year Limited Warranty Canada Only 231232 233 Total Satisfaction Return Policy U.S. Only 234Guarantee ExclusionsMaking a Claim 235Limitation and Statutory Rights Dell World Trade LPDell Computer de Colombia Corporation Carrera 7 #115-33 Oficina Bogota, ColombiaGlossary 237238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 Gl ossar y D ex 247248 249 250 Page 5C229 Rev. A04