Distance | Fortress Technologies BreadCrumb Wireless Network

Chapter 4. Deployment Considerations

Unobstructed LOS is not necessary from every BreadCrumb device and wireless client to every other BreadCrumb device and wireless client. However, each device must have unobstructed LOS to the previous and subsequent device.

Distance

Many factors determine acceptable distances between BreadCrumb devices when deploying a BCWN.

If many devices are placed too closely together, it is possible that interference will degrade the performance of the system.

Devices that are placed too far away or in RF "shadows" may experience total loss of connection.

Device power is important in determining distances over which the device will be effective.

The following table can be used as a guide to determine best-case distances between devices with regard to their power:

	Device (power)		To Device (power)		Distance	* 1
BreadCrumb device (200mW)			BreadCrumb device (200mW)		Up to 5km (3.1 miles)
with external antenna			with external antenna
BreadCrumb device (200mW)			BreadCrumb device (1W)		Up to 10km (6.2 miles)
with external antenna
BreadCrumb device (1W)			BreadCrumb device (1W)		Up to 15km (9.3 miles)
Notes:
a. These distances are representative of optimal deployment settings:
•	Optimal antenna selection
• Clear, unobstructed LOS between devices
• Absence of other RF interference
•	Full battery power
•	Clear weather

Table 4-1. Best-Case Distances by Radio Power

Tip: It is recommended when deploying a BCWN that you choose initial distances between devices that are half the distance as quoted in Table 4-1.

When placing a BreadCrumb device, check the connection status to the nearest available device using either the BreadCrumb device’s status LED (described in Appendix A), or BCAdmin (described in Chapter 5). If the connection is poor or non-existent, attempt to relocate the BreadCrumb device closer to another device until an acceptable connection is obtained. If a poor connection or no connection is made at even relatively close distances, you should refer to Chapter 7.

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Fortress Technologies BreadCrumb Wireless Network manual Device power To Device power Distance

Contents

For the BreadCrumb Wireless Network Release Rajant CorporationPage Table of Contents Using BCAdmin TroubleshootingConﬁguration Examples List of Tables List of Figures Preface Purpose and ScopeUser Information What is a BreadCrumb? Introduction Mobility through Meshing Mesh a DeﬁnitionBreadCrumb Devices Mesh by Channel and Essid Example Meshing Example 1 Full Connectivity New Features Performance / Process Improvements Issues ResolvedKnown Issues Upgrading to Version Installing / Upgrading BCAdmin Upgrading BreadCrumb FirmwareUpgrading to Version Flash Update Procedure for Version 2 and Version 3 Systems Version 3 Power Input Upgrading to Version Models XLV XLE BreadCrumb ME ModelsAvailable BreadCrumb Models External Connectors BreadCrumb WE BreadCrumb WE External Connectors BreadCrumb SE BreadCrumb SE External Connectors BreadCrumb XL BreadCrumb XL External Connector BreadCrumb XLV BreadCrumb XLV External Connectors BreadCrumb XLE BreadCrumb XLE External Connectors front Deployment Considerations AddressingChannel Assignments BreadCrumb Device Addresses Physical Placement and Other Considerations Line Of SightDeployment Considerations Device power To Device power Distance Best-Case Distances by Radio PowerDistance Weather InterferenceAltitude Using BCAdmin Screen Layout Using BCAdmin Topology Area Anatomy of the BreadCrumb Box BreadCrumb Device Name Time Since Last Update Anatomy of the Client BoxNumber of Peers Number of Clients Anatomy of a Connection Line 802.11b Channel Line Color BCAdmin Line Styles Legend Info Area Redundant Connection Example Conﬁguring Individual BreadCrumbs Link Detail Tabs General Settings NameType Location Using BCAdmin Color Battery Warning minutesManual GPS Settings Latitude and Longitude AirFortress Encryption AES-256 and Set Access ID Radio Settings Access PointChannel Mesh Reachback Settings Reachback InterfaceNone Ethernet Using BCAdmin Radio Radio 2 ad hocMode Automatic Using BCAdmin Gateway Ingress DisabledAlternate Gateway WEP Key Forwarding Settings 11. BreadCrumb Properties Forwarding Tab Security Example Port Forwarding Conﬁguration for a Web Server Access Control Lists ACLs WEPKey Deny by default allow only permitted devices Allow by default deny only forbidden devices AES-256 Encryption with AirFortress Registering AirFortress Setting the Access ID 14. Set Access ID Window Encrypting Wired Trafﬁc Zeroizing the Access IDHarris SecNET11 Enabling/Disabling AirFortress Encryption BCAdmin Preferences SecNet11 Key FillingBreadCrumb inactivity threshold seconds Mapping with Fugawi Tracker Connecting Remote Wired LANs Conﬁguration ExamplesUnencrypted Point-to-Multipoint Encrypted Point-to-Point Convoy with UAV-Based Camera for Forward Observation Conﬁguration Examples Encrypting a Video Feed Conﬁguration Examples Troubleshooting BreadCrumb Wireless NetworkIndividual BreadCrumbs Sporadic Network Connectivity Sporadic Network Connectivity Issues BreadCrumb Device Cannot Connect to Bcwn BCAdmin Restoring Default Settings Factory ResetTroubleshooting BreadCrumb-BCWN Connectivity Issues Factory Reset Button Case Study Military Exercise in Thailand Joint Exercise Network BCAdmin screen during exercise showing BreadCrumb network Case Study Military Exercise in Thailand Balloon with Camera and BreadCrumb BCAdmin Glossary802.11b BreadCrumb / BreadCrumb Device MAC Address PeerPending peer Reachback Appendix A. Status Indicator LED Color Blinking/Solid StatusTable A-1. LED Status Indications Appendix B. Radio Frequencies 802.11b Channel Frequency GHzTable B-1 .11b Channel Frequency Table Appendix C. Customer Service