Extrapolation to Different Climbs | Honeywell 880 guide

PRIMUSr 880 Digital Weather Radar System

EXTRAPOLATION TO DIFFERENT CLIMBS

General comment: Severe storms are associated with an atmospheric stratification marked by large values of moisture in low levels, relative dryness in middle levels, and strong wind shear. It is well known that this stratification of moisture permits excessive magnitudes of convective instability to exist for an indefinite period until rapid overturning of air is triggered by a suitable disturbance. Regions of the atmosphere which are either very dry or very moist throughout substantial depths cannot harbor great convective instability. Rather, a more nearly neutral thermal stratification is maintained, partially through a process of regular atmospheric overturning.

DDesert Areas - In desert areas, storms should be avoided on the same basis as described in the above paragraphs. While nonstorm turbulence may, in general, be expected more frequently over desert areas during daylight hours than elsewhere, THE SAME TURBULENCE CONSIDERATIONS PREVAIL IN THE VICINITY OF THUNDERSTORMS.

DTropical- Humid Climates - When the atmosphere is moist and only slightly unstable though a great depth, strong radar echoes may be received from towering clouds which do not contain vertical velocities as strong as those from storms over the U.S. plains. Then it is a matter of the pilot being informed with respect to the general atmospheric conditions accompanying storms, for it is well known that

PRACTICALLY ALL GEOGRAPHIC AREAS HAVING THUNDERSTORMS ARE OCCASIONALLY VISITED BY SEVERE ONES.

USE OF AIRBORNE RADAR

Airborne radar is a valuable tool; HOWEVER, ITS USE IS PRINCIPALLY AS AN INDICATOR OF STORM LOCATIONS FOR AVOIDANCE PURPOSES WHILE ENROUTE.

Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Advisory Circulars	A28- 1146- 102- 00
A- 14

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Honeywell 880 manual Extrapolation to Different Climbs, USE of Airborne Radar

Contents

Page PRIMUSr 880 Digital Weather Radar System Pilot’s Guide Table of Contents Section Radar Facts Appendices Federal Aviation Administration FAAMaximum Permissible Exposure Level Honeywell Product Support Enhanced GROUND--PROXIMITY Warning Federal Aviation Administration FAA Advisory CircularsList of Illustrations Radar Beam Illumination High Altitude Rain Coming From Unseen Dry Hail List of Tables Introduction A28- 1146- 102 System Configurations Efis only Configuration PRIMUSâ 880 Configurations Left Right Controller Left Side Right Side Dual Control Mode Truth TableRTA Mode Primusr 880 Weather Radar Equipment List Model Unit Cockpit Mounted OptionsRemote Mounted Equipment Typical PRIMUSâ 880 Weather Radar Components Typical PRIMUSâ 880 Digital Weather Radar Display WI- 880 Weather Radar Indicator OperationOperating Controls Range 3 Gmap Calibrated Gain Rainfall Rate Color Coding Rainfall Rate Color In/hr Mm/hr Fsby Forced Standby TGT Target STB Stabilization Selected Range Minimum Target Target Range Depth NM Range TRB TurbulenceAZ Azimuth SCT Scan Sector Tilt BRT Brightness or BRT/LSS Lightning Sensor System Gain WC- 880 Weather Radar Controller Operation WC- 880 Weather Radar Controller Configurations Tilt Radar SLV LSS Gain EFIS/MFD Radar PRIMUSr 880 Digital Weather Radar System Maximum Permissible Exposure Level Mpel Sect Scan Sector TRB Turbulence Detection Range LSS Lightning Sensor System Option SLV Slave TGT Target Alert WC- 884 Weather Radar Controller OperationWC- 884 Weather Radar Controller BRT Brightness RCT Rain Echo Attenuation Compensation Technique Tilt Mode Rainfall Rate Color In/hr Mm/hr PRIMUSr 880 Digital Weather Radar System Forced Standby Override Hidden Modes Roll Gain Roll OffsetPitch Offset Pitch Gain PRIMUSr 880 Digital Weather Radar System Step Procedure Preliminary Control SettingsPrimusr 880 Power--Up Procedure Cont Normal Operation Indicator Test Pattern 120 Scan WX With Text Fault Enabled Output Power is Radiated in Test ModePRIMUSâ 880 Power- Up Procedure 319 Efis Test Pattern Typical 120 Scan Shown WX Standby Radar Mode WeatherWI--880 Indicator Test Pattern With Text Fault Enabled REV Test Mode Radar Mode Ground Mapping 4-8 blank Radar Operation Radar Facts Aircraft Heading PRIMUSr 880 Digital Weather Radar System Sea Returns Radar Beam Illumination High Altitude Inch Radiator Tilt Management Radar Beam Illumination Low Altitude Inch Radiator PRIMUSr 880 Digital Weather Radar System Range Scale Line Tilt Limited Earth’s Curvature Ideal Tilt Angle Unaltered Tilt Convective Thunderstorms Tilt Management With Heading Changes Proper Tilt Technique Low Altitude Tilt Management Fast Developing Thunderstorm Rules of Thumb Antenna Size and Impact on Tilt Management Altitude Compensated Tilt ACT Manual Tilt at Low Altitudes Stabilization Dynamic ErrorAccelerative Error Pitch and Roll Trim Adjustments Pitch and Roll Trim Adjustments Criteria Level Flight Stabilization Check Stabilization In Straight and Level Flight Check ProcedureStabilization Precheck Ground Return Indicating Misalignment Upper Right Symmetrical Ground Returns Roll Stabilization Check Stabilization in Turns Check ProcedureGround Return Indicating Misalignment Upper Left Roll Stabilization Inoperative 23. The radar unit is in the roll offset In- flight Roll Offset Adjustment Procedure Push the Stab STB button to go to the next menu pitch offset Roll Offset Adjustment Display Final Pitch Offset Adjustment Procedure Pitch Offset Adjustment Roll Gain Adjustment Roll Gain Adjustment Pitch Gain Adjustment Pitch Gain Adjustment Weather Radar Images Interpreting Weather Radar Images PRIMUSr 880 Digital Weather Radar System Radar and Visual Cloud Mass Squall Line Weather Display Calibration Display Levels Related to VIP Levels Typical Rain Echo Attenuation Compensation Technique React LOW Variable Gain Settings can Eliminate Hazardous TargetsVariable Gain Control PRIMUSr 880 Digital Weather Radar System React on and OFF Indications With React SelectedReact Do not FLY Into the Shadow Behind the Cell ShadowingTurbulence Probability Probability of Turbulence Presence A Weather Target Turbulence Detection Theory Areas of Turbulence can not Always be Detected by the Radar No Turbulence Total Return Vector Weather Display With Turbulence Turbulence Detection OperationTurbulent PRIMUSâ 880 Digital Weather Radar can only Detect Turbulence Levels From Airman’s Information Manual Hail Size Probability Hail Size Probability Spotting Hail Rain Coming From Unseen Dry Hail Familiar Hailstorm Patterns Overshooting a Storm Short- and Long- Blind Alley Azimuth Resolution in Weather Modes Azimuth Resolution Radome Weather Display Weather Avoidance Nificant Weather MAY not be Displayed Do not Leave the Radar in Variable GAIN. SIGDRY Hail can be Prevalent AT Higher Alti Tudes WITHIN, NEAR, or Above Storm Cells Severe Weather Avoidance Procedures 10 3. Interaction With Other Storms. a thunderstorm that is Step Procedure Storms Situated Behind Intervening Rain Configurations of Individual Echoes Northern HemisphereFall MAY be More Severe than Depicted on Display Typical Hook Pattern Notch Echo, Pendant Shape Avoid V- Notch by 20 Miles Classic Pendant Shape Avoid Pendant by 20 Miles Avoid ALL Crescent Shaped Echoes by 20 Miles Avoid Steep Rain Gradients by 20 MilesRain Gradients Crescent Shape Line Configurations Line Echo Wave Pattern Lewp Avoid Line Echo Wave Patterns Lewp by 20 Miles Bow- Shaped Line of Thunderstorms Avoid BOW- Shaped Line of Echoes by 20 Miles Turbulence Versus Distance from Storm Edge Additional HazardsTurbulence Versus Distance from Storm Core Ground Mapping Display Ground Mapping Tilt Setting for Maximal Ground Target Display Inch Radiator Range Scale Mpel Boundary Maximum Permissible Exposure Level Mpel In- Flight Troubleshooting Test Mode With Text Faults Enabled Field No Description Fault Data Fields 315 Text Faults Cont Fault Code and Text Fault Relationships IO Fpga REG Text Faults Pilot Messages Describes the pilot messages Honeywell Product Support Customer Response Center CRC Customer SupportHoneywell Aerospace Online Technical Publications Web Site Abbreviation Equivalent Abbreviations FLTPLN, FP RCT, React Cancellation Federal Aviation Administration FAA Advisory CircularsAppendix a Purpose Body Damage Background PrecautionsGeneral Combustible Materials General Subject ThunderstormsHazards Squall Lines Turbulence Tornadoes Icing Schematic Cross Section of a Thunderstorm Effect on Altimeters HailLOW Ceiling and Visibility Weather Radar Lightning DO’S and DON’TS of Thunderstorm Flying PRIMUSr 880 Digital Weather Radar System Relationship Between Turbulence and Altitude Relationship Between Turbulence and ReflectivityTurbulence and Echo Intensity on NWS Radar WSR Turbulence in Relation to Distance from Storm Core Turbulence below Cloud Base Turbulence in Relation to Distance from the Storm EdgeTurbulence Above Storm Tops Hail in Thunderstorms Maximum Storm Tops USE of Airborne Radar Extrapolation to Different Climbs Appendix B Enhanced Ground-Proximity Warning System EgpwsSystem Operation Egpws Controls Annunciators Push Button Controls Egpws Operation Related Egpws System Operation Egpws Display Figure B--1 Egpws Test Index Index TGT target, 3-6 tilt TRB turbulence Radar facts cont rain echo attenuation Index--5 BRT brightness or BRT/LSS lightning sensor system