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HP IA-64, Ski Simulator Figure 5-1. xski’s Program Window Showing IA-64Assembly Language Code

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Ski IA-64 Simulator Reference Manual 1.0L

Figure 5-1. xski’s Program Window Showing IA-64 Assembly Language Code

pm

Display the program being simulated in its source code form with the assembly language translation mixed in, as shown in Figure 5-2.The source code display is for your convenience only; you cannot interact with the source code, e.g., modify the source code, click on a variable name to see its value in the Data Window, and so on. The source code is not embedded in the executable ﬁle. Instead, the compiler and linker place into the executable ﬁle a record of the location and ﬁlename of the source code. The source code ﬁle must be available to Ski in the location recorded in the executable ﬁle. In practice, this means you will want to run xski or ski from the directory where the program was compiled. (See Section 3.5, “The Program Window” for more information on source code compilation.) This command is valid for IA-64 code only. The mnemonic stands for “program display mixed”.

Copyright © 2000 Hewlett-Packard Co.

Screen Manipulation Commands 5-3

Contents

Rev. 1.0L (26 Apr 00) Notice Printing History Trademarks Preface How to Use This Manual Font Conventions Syntax Conventions Syntax Conventions Table of Contents Page Page Page List of Figures Page List of Tables Page Getting Started: A Ski Tutorial 1.1The Ski Simulator 1.2How to Run an IA-64Application Program 1.2.1Starting xski Page 1.2.2Exiting Ski 1.2.3Loading Your Program Page 1.2.4Inspecting Data Figure 1-7.Changing the Data Window Display Figure 1-8.The Data Window Showing the argv and envp Vectors Figure 1-9.The Data Window Showing argv and envp Strings in Hexadecimal Figure 1-10.The Main Window Showing Commands in the Command History 1.2.5Viewing Data in ASCII 1.2.6Looking at Code 1.2.7Viewing Source Code Mixed In with Assembly Code 1.2.8Controlling Breakpoints 1.2.9Running a Program 1.2.10Single-steppinga Program 1.2.11Changing Registers and Memory Figure 1-19.The xski Register Window After Stopping at a Breakpoint at main+10 1-14Getting Started: A Ski Tutorial Figure 1-20.The xski Register Window After Changing the ip Register Figure 1-21.The xski Data Window Widened to Show ASCII Figure 1-22.The xski Data Window After Changing the “Hello, world” String 1-16Getting Started: A Ski Tutorial 1.2.12Getting Help 1.2.13Next Steps Page Overview 2.1Introduction 2.1.1Ski’s Strengths 2.1.2Ski’s Scope 2.2What You Need to Know to Use This Manual 2.4Ski Variations 2.4.1Using bski for Batch Simulations Page 2.5Starting Ski 2.5.1Command Line Flags 2.5.2The XSki File 2.6Quitting Ski 2.6.1Summary of the Quit Command Screen Presentation 3.1Ski’s Use of Windows 3.2The Register Window 3.2.1The User Registers Pane 3.2.2The General Registers Pane 3.2.3The Floating Point Registers Pane 3.2.4The System Registers Pane 3.2.5The IA-32Registers Pane 3.3Resizing Register Window Panes with xski 3.4The Register Window and ski 3.5The Program Window 3.5.1IA-64Instruction Display Figure 3-9. xski’s Program Window Showing Part of an IA-64“hello world” Program 3.5.2IA-32Instruction Display 3.5.3Changing the Range of Locations Shown in the Program Window 3.5.4Invalid Code and the Program Window 3.6The Data Window 3.6.1Changing the Range of Locations Shown in the Data Window 3.6.2Invalid Code and the Data Window 3.7The Command/Main Window 3.7.1The xski Main Window 3.7.2The ski Command Window 3.8Other Windows Page 3-16Screen Presentation Command Language 4.1Command Entry 4.2Command Arguments 4.3Command Sequences, Repetition, and Abbreviation 4.4Argument Speciﬁcation 4.4.1Numeric Arguments Table 4-1.Ski Simulator Arithmetic and Logic Operators Figure 4-1. xski Evaluating Expressions 4.4.2Symbolic Arguments 4.4.3Resolving Ambiguous Symbols and Numbers 4-6Command Language Screen Manipulation Commands 5.1Register Window Commands 5.1.1Summary of Register Window Commands 5.2Program Window Commands 5.2.1Summary of Program Window Commands Figure 5-1. xski’s Program Window Showing IA-64Assembly Language Code Figure 5-2. xski’s Program Window Showing Intermixed C and IA-64Assembly Code Figure 5-3. xski’s Assembly Language Dump Window 5-4Screen Manipulation Commands 5.3Data Window Commands 5.3.1Summary of Data Window Commands Figure 5-5. xski Showing Data in Raw Hexadecimal and ASCII Figure 5-6. xski’s Hexadecimal Dump Window 5-6Screen Manipulation Commands Program Simulation 6.1Application-Modeand System-ModeSimulation 6.2Ski Support for Application-ModePrograms 6.2.1Application-Mode IA-64Programs 6.2.2Application-Mode IA-32Programs 6.3.1System-Mode IA-64Programs 6.3.2System-Mode IA-32Programs 6.3.3System-ModeTLB Simulation 6.4Misaligned Data Access Trap 6.5Program Loading 6.5.1How to Load a Program 6.5.2Summary of Program Loading Commands 6.5.3Notes about Program Loading 6.6Program Execution 6.6.1Summary of Program Execution Commands Page Linux and MS-DOSABI Emulation 7.1Interruptions 7.2Linux Application Environment Table 7-1.Linux System Calls Supported by Ski Table 7-2.Linux System Calls Accepted but Ignored by Ski 7.3MS-DOSApplication Environment 7.4Program I/O Page Debugging 8.1Changing Registers and Memory with Assignment Commands 8.1.1Summary of Assignment Commands 8.1.2Examples of Assignment Commands Figure 8-1.The Original Program Loaded in ski 8.1.3Notes on Assignment 8.2Evaluating Formulas and Formatting Data 8.2.1Summary of The eval Command 8.3Program Breakpoints 8.3.1Setting Program Breakpoints 8.3.2Deleting Program Breakpoints 8.3.3Listing Program Breakpoints 8.3.4Notes on Program Breakpoints 8.3.5Summary of Program Breakpoint Commands 8.4Data Breakpoints 8.4.1Setting Data Breakpoints 8.4.2Deleting Data Breakpoints 8.4.3Listing Data Breakpoints 8.4.4Summary of Data Breakpoint Commands 8.5Dumping Registers and Memory to a File 8.6Saving and Restoring the Simulator State 8.6.1Summary of Save and Restore Commands 8.7Symbol Table Commands 8.7.1Summary of Symbol Commands Figure 8-5.The symlist Output from xski 8-10Debugging Command Files 9.1Initialization File 9.2Labels and Control Flow in Command Files 9.2.1The goto Command and Labels 9.2.2The if Command 9.3Comments in Command Files 9.4An Example Command File 9.5Summary of Command File Commands 9-4Command Files Command Reference dbD dbd dbl A-2Command Reference Command Reference A-3 A-4Command Reference Command Reference A-5 A-6Command Reference Register Names IA-64Registers B-2Register Names Register Names B-3 B-4Register Names Register Names B-5 B-6Register Names Internal Variable Names Internal Variables C-2Internal Variable Names Simulator Status and Error Messages All breakpoints deleted All breakpoints in use Assignment failed Bad breakpoint number. (Use 0-9) Breakpoint #%d wasn’t set Cannot access registers outside current frame Cannot open ﬁle %s (%s) for %s Construct DWARF image: can’t ﬁnd .debug_info section Could not open %s for reading Error: unrecognized restore ﬁle tag: %s Expression aligned to (mod %lld) boundary Expression Following values could not be assigned: FP exception fault help: Unknown command: %s IA-32program terminated IA-32program terminated with status %d Ignored attempt to write a Read-Onlysymbol Illegal expression: %s Missing ELF header Missing ﬁle version number missing value for option %s More than %d characters in expression: %s Nesting overﬂow Not an IA-64ﬁle Nothing to run Out of memory Page not allocated Pager %s not found Reserved register/ﬁeld fault screen size is %dx%d --minimum is %dx%d Starting address > ending address Stopping at %s due to IA-32halt instruction Stopping at %s due to reserved IA-32instruction Unable to open console window Unaligned Data fault Unexpected end of ﬁle unrecognized option %s Unrecognized symbol name: %s