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Toshiba S2 manual Hardware Overview, System Unit, ? PCMCIA Card Organization

Models: S2

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1 Hardware Overview

1.2 System Unit

?PCMCIA Card Organization

?Accommodate one type II device for TECRA A3 or two type II devices/one type III device for TECRA S2.

?SRAM, OTPROM, FLASH ROM, mask ROM memory card up to 64MB

?MODEM/LAN card

?Card bus card

?ACPI 1.0 Compliant

?Full ACPI 1.0B supported

?LCD Auto-DIM mode by time out

?Multiple Digital Media Card

?Supports SD/MMC/SM/MS/MS Pro/xD card

?SD memory capacity support from 8MB to 512MB

?MMC memory capacity support from 8MB to 256MB

?SM memory capacity support from 4MB to 128MB

?MS memory capacity support from 8MB to 256MB

?MS Pro memory capacity support from 256MB to 1GB

?xD memory capacity support from 4MB to 512MB

?Universal Serial Bus (USB)

The computer comes with three USB ports that comply with Universal Host Controller Interface (UHCI). The USB enables daisy-chain connection of up to 127 USB-equipped devices. It is designed for easy configuration by a Plug-and-Play operating system and provides hot insertion/ejection capability.

?Parallel port

A 25-pins parallel port enables connection of a printer or other parallel device. The port supports Extended Capabilities Port (ECP) conforming to IEEE-1284 and is Enhanced Parallel Port (IEEE 1284) compliant. It features ChiProtect circuitry for protection against damage due to printer power-on.

?External monitor port

A 15-pins CRT port supporting DDC 2B enables connection of an external monitor, which is recognized automatically by Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) Display Data Channel (DDC) compatible functions.

?Sound system

A Realtek ALC250VD for AC97 codec audio subsystem offers industry le ading mixed signal technology to enhance the computer’s multimedia capability. The sound system is equipped with stereo speakers and jacks for headphone and external microphone

1-8	Tecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual

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Toshiba S2 manual Hardware Overview, System Unit, ? PCMCIA Card Organization

Contents

Toshiba Personal Computer TOSHIBA CORPORATIONTECRA A3/S2 Maintenance Manual Copyright injury if the safety instruction is not observed The manual is divided into the following parts Chapter DISKCOPY A B Chapter 1 Hardware Overview Table of ContentsChapter 2 Troubleshooting Procedures Chapter 3 Tests and Diagnostics General Chapter 4 Replacement ProceduresKey Layout AppendicesBoard Layout Chapter Hardware Overview 1-ii 1 Hardware OverviewTecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual Error! Bookmark not defined ContentsChapter 1 Hardware Overview1-iv Tecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual1 Hardware Overview 1 Hardware Overview 1.1 Features1.2 System Unit 1.2 System Unit ? BIOS ? 1MB Flash ROM for system BIOS a Suspend to RAM/Disk1 Hardware Overview ? Keyboard 1.2 System Unit1 Hardware Overview ? PCMCIA Card Organization 1 Hardware Overview1.2 System Unit ? TV-out port 1.2 System Unit1 Hardware Overview 1.2 System Unit 1.2 System Unit1 Hardware Overview 1 Hardware Overview Realtek ALC250VD for AC97 codec1.2 System Unit 1.2 System Unit TI PCI7411 Card Bus Host Adapter1 Hardware Overview Marvell 88E8036 for 10/100M LAN Marvell 88E8053 for Giga LANMarvell 88SA8040 for Serial ATA Bridge 1.2 System Unit1.3 2.5-inch Hard Disk Drive 1.3 2.5-inch Hard Disk DriveTecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual 1 Hardware Overview1.4 Removable Drives 1.4 Optical Devices module1.4.1 DVD-ROM Drive 1.4.2 CD-ROM Drive1.4 Removable Drives 1.4.3 CD-RW/DVD-ROM Drive1 Hardware Overview 1.4.4 DVD±R/±RW Drive 1.5 Power Supply1.4.5 DVD Super Multi Drive 1 Hardware OverviewStandard rotational speed DVD-RAM1.5 Power Supply 1 Hardware Overview1 Hardware Overview 1.5 Power Supply1.5 Power Supply 1 Hardware Overview 1.5 Power Supply6. Power ON/OFF sequence 1.6 Batteries 1.6.1 Main Battery1.6 Batteries 1 Hardware Overview1.6 Batteries 1.6.2 RTC battery1 Hardware Overview Chapter Troubleshooting Procedures 2-ii 2 Troubleshooting ProceduresTecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual 2 Troubleshooting Procedures ContentsTroubleshooting Introduction Chapter2 Troubleshooting Procedures FiguresTables 2 Troubleshooting Procedures 2.1 Troubleshooting Introduction2.1 Troubleshooting Introduction 2 Troubleshooting Procedures 2.2 Troubleshooting Flowchart2.3 Power Supply Troubleshooting 2.3 Power Supply Troubleshooting Figure 2-1 Troubleshooting flowchart 1/22 Troubleshooting Procedures Tecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual2.3 Power Supply Troubleshooting Figure 2-1 Troubleshooting flowchart 2/22 Troubleshooting Procedures If the diagnostics program cannot detect an error, the problem may be intermittent. The test program should be executed several times to isolate the problem. When a problem has been located, perform the appropriate troubleshooting procedures as follows 2.3 Power Supply Troubleshooting2 Troubleshooting Procedures Other problems that are not covered by the diagnostics program may be discovered by a user 2 Troubleshooting Procedures2.3 Power Supply Troubleshooting Figure 2-2 Power Supply Troubleshooting Process 2.3 Power Supply Troubleshooting2.3 Power Supply Troubleshooting 2 Troubleshooting ProceduresTable 2-1 Battery LED Procedure 1 Power Status CheckBattery State LED colorsAC power exists LED is solid green Power supply statusNo AC power exists Procedure 2 Adaptor / battery replacementAC power cord Procedure 3 Power supply connection checkBattery 2 Troubleshooting ProceduresProcedure 5 Replacement check Procedure 4 Diagnostic check2.3 Power Supply Troubleshooting 2 Troubleshooting Procedures2.4 Display Troubleshooting 2.4 Display TroubleshootingFigure 2-3 Display troubleshooting process 2 Troubleshooting ProceduresProcedure 2 Diagnostic check Procedure 1 External display check2.4 Display Troubleshooting 2 Troubleshooting Procedures2.4 Display Troubleshooting Procedure 3 Connector and replacement check2 Troubleshooting Procedures 2.5 Keyboard Troubleshooting 2.5 Keyboard TroubleshootingFigure 2-4 Keyboard troubleshooting process 2 Troubleshooting Procedures2 Troubleshooting Procedures Procedure 1 External keyboard check2.5 Keyboard Troubleshooting Procedure 2 Diagnostic check2.6 External USB Devices Troubleshooting 2.6 External USB Devices TroubleshootingFigure 2-5 External USB device troubleshooting process 2 Troubleshooting ProceduresProcedure 2 Replace system board Procedure 1 External device and connection check2 Troubleshooting Procedures 2.6 External USB Devices Troubleshooting2.7 TV-Out Failure Troubleshooting 2.7 TV-Out Failure TroubleshootingFigure 2-6 TV-out troubleshooting process 2 Troubleshooting ProceduresProcedure 2 TV set check Procedure 1 TV connection check2 Troubleshooting Procedures 2.7 TV-Out Failure Troubleshooting2.8 Printer Port Troubleshooting 2.8 Printer Port TroubleshootingFigure 2-7 Printer port troubleshooting process 2 Troubleshooting ProceduresProcedure 2 Printer port loopback check Procedure 1 Diagnostic checkProcedure 3 Replace system board 2 Troubleshooting Procedures2.9 Touch Pad Troubleshooting 2.9 TouchPad TroubleshootingFigure 2-8 TouchPad troubleshooting process 2 Troubleshooting ProceduresProcedure 1 TouchPad connection check 2.9 TouchPad TroubleshootingProcedure 2 TouchPad replacement check 2 Troubleshooting ProceduresFigure 2-9 Speaker troubleshooting process 2.10 Speaker Troubleshooting2.9 Touch Pad Troubleshooting 2 Troubleshooting ProceduresProcedure 2 Earphone test Procedure 1 Audio source testProcedure 3 Connection check Procedure 4 Replacement checkFigure 2-11 Modem troubleshooting process 2.11 Modem Troubleshooting2.9 Touch Pad Troubleshooting 2 Troubleshooting ProceduresProcedure 2 Modem card connection check Procedure 1 Telephone line connection checkProcedure 3 Modem replacement check 2 Troubleshooting ProceduresFigure 2-12 PCMCIA troubleshooting process 2.12 PCMCIA Troubleshooting2.9 Touch Pad Troubleshooting 2 Troubleshooting ProceduresProcedure 2 PCMCIA socket replacement check Procedure 1 SYCARD test2 Troubleshooting Procedures 2.9 TouchPad TroubleshootingFigure 2-13 IEEE 1394 troubleshooting process 2.13 IEEE 1394 Troubleshooting2.9 Touch Pad Troubleshooting 2 Troubleshooting ProceduresProcedure 3 Connection and replacement check Procedure 1 IEEE 1394 device check2 Troubleshooting Procedures 2.9 TouchPad Troubleshooting2 Troubleshooting Procedures 2.9 Touch Pad TroubleshootingTecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual 2-332.10 Speaker Troubleshooting 2.14 Wireless LAN TroubleshootingFigure 2-14 Wireless LAN troubleshooting process 2 Troubleshooting ProceduresDiagnostic test ProcedureProcedure 2 Connector and replacement check 2.10 Speaker Troubleshooting2.10 Speaker Troubleshooting 2 Troubleshooting ProceduresTecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual 2-36Chapter Tests and Diagnostics 3-ii 3. Tests and DiagnosticsTecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual 3-11 Test and Diagnostic Operation3-12 3-133-iv 3. Tests and DiagnosticsTecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual 3.1 The Diagnostic Test 3.1 The Diagnostic TestNOTES To start the diagnostics, follow these steps 2. Exit this program when you are at Main MenuTecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual 3. Tests and Diagnostics3. Tests and Diagnostics 3.2 Executing the Diagnostic Test3.2 Executing the Diagnostic Test The below display will show up at the beginning of T&D program Executing the Diagnostic Test3. Tests and Diagnostics Tecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance ManualIf an error is detected and a test fails, the following message displays 3.2 Executing the Diagnostic Test3. Tests and Diagnostics 3. Tests and Diagnostics NOTE Press Pause to pause a test and Enter to resume3.2 Executing the Diagnostic Test Tecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual3.3 Parallel Port Test 3.3 Config Check Test3 Tests and Diagnostics 3. Tests and Diagnostics 3.4 DMI Check Test3.4 DMI Check Test 3. Tests and Diagnostics 3.5 PIO Loopback Test3.5 PIO Loopback Test 3. Tests and Diagnostics 3.6 IEEE 1394 TestTecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual 3-103. Tests and Diagnostics 3.6 Speaker Audio Test3.7 Speaker Audio Test 3. Tests and Diagnostics 3.7 Fan ON/OFF Test3.8 Fan ON/OFF Test 3. Tests and Diagnostics 3.8 Main Battery Charge Test3.9 Main Battery Change Test 3.10 FDD Test 3.9 FDD TestNOTE Press “Esc” key can skip the current subtest 3 Tests and DiagnosticsTecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual 3. Tests and Diagnostics3.10 FDD Test 3-153.11 CD-ROM Test 3.10 CD-ROM Test3. Tests and Diagnostics NOTE Press “Esc” key can skip the current subtest3. Tests and Diagnostics 3.11 Keyboard Test3.12 Keyboard Test Tecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual 3. Tests and Diagnostics3.12 Keyboard Test 3-18Tecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual 3. Tests and Diagnostics3.12 Keyboard Test 3-193.13 Mouse Pad Test 3.12 Mouse Pad TestNOTE The Touch Pad test cannot be used to test an external USB mouse 3. Tests and DiagnosticsAfter checking T/Pad buttons and cursor’s function, use “Tab” key or use T/Pad cursor to click the “OK” column will end this test 3. Tests and Diagnostics3.13 Mouse Pad Test 3. Tests and Diagnostics 3.13 LCD Pixels Mode Test3.14 LCD Pixels Mode Test 3. Tests and Diagnostics 3.14 Lid Switch Test3.15 Lid Switch Test 3. Tests and Diagnostics 3.15 HDD R/W Test3.16 HDD R/W Test NOTE The AC adaptor should be connected to successfully run this test NOTE Press “Ctrl + Break” keys can terminate the current subtest3. Tests and Diagnostics Tecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual3.17 LAN Test 3.16 LAN TestNOTE LAN loopback needs to plug in before test begins 3. Tests and Diagnosticspass will go on to next test The screen should display as below, indicating3. Tests and Diagnostics Tecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance ManualTecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual 3. Tests and Diagnostics3.17 LAN Test 3-28Tecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual 3. Tests and Diagnostics3.17 LAN Test 3-293. Tests and Diagnostics 3.17 RTC Test3.19 CD Control Button Test Chapter Replacement Procedures 4-ii 4 Replacement ProceduresTecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual 4 Replacement Procedures ContentsBattery ChapterRemoving the HDD Module 4 Replacement ProceduresFigures Removing the FL inverter board 4 Replacement Procedures4 Replacement Procedures 4.1 GeneralDisplay Assembly Expansion MemoryThe example below shows FRUs to be removed before the Direct Play button board can be removed and repaired or replaced. The Direct Play button board is overlapped by the top cover which must be removed before the Direct Play button board can be reached. The removable HDD, keyboard, wireless LAN, ODD, modem, and display assembly in turn overlap the top cover. Always starts the disassembly process by removing the battery pack 4 Replacement ProceduresDANGER Safety PrecautionsWARNING To avoid the risk of electric shock or other injury 3. Never work with wet or damp hands4 Replacement Procedures Before You Begin4 Replacement Procedures Disassembly ProceduresAssembly Procedures 4 Replacement Procedures Tools and EquipmentRemoving the Battery Pack 4.2 BatteryFigure 4-1 Removing the battery pack 4 Replacement Procedures4.3 PC Card Installing the Battery PackRemoving a PC Card 4 Replacement ProceduresTecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual 4 Replacement Procedures Figure 4-2 Removing a PC CardFigure 4-3 Installing a PC Card Installing a PC Card4.4 HDD 4 Replacement ProceduresFigure 4-5 Removing the HDD door Removing the HDD Module4 Replacement Procedures Tecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance ManualFigure 4-6 Removing the HDD module Installing the HDD ModuleDisassembling the HDD Module 4 Replacement ProceduresRemoving the Optical Drive Module 4 Replacement Procedures Figure 4-7 Removing the HDD bracket4.5 Optical Drive Module 4 Replacement Procedures Installing the Optical Drive ModuleFigure 4-8 Removing the optical drive module Disassembling the Optical Drive 4.6 Optical DriveFigure 4-9 Removing the optical drive bracket 4 Replacement Procedures4 Replacement Procedures 4.6 Optical DriveReassembling the Optical Drive Removing the Wireless LAN 4.7 Wireless LANFigure 4-10 Removing the wireless LAN cover 4 Replacement Procedures4 Replacement Procedures Figure 4-11 Removing the wireless LAN unitInstalling the Wireless LAN Removing an Expansion Memory 4.8 Expansion Memory ModuleFigure 4-12 Removing the memory module cover 4 Replacement Procedures4 Replacement Procedures Figure 4-13 Removing a memory module7. Replace the battery pack Tecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual4 Replacement Procedures Installing an Expansion Memory ModuleFigure 4-14 Removing an expansion memory cover 4 Replacement Procedures Figure 4-15 Installing an expansion memoryTecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual 4-22Removing the Keyboard 4.9 KeyboardFigure 4-16 Removing the strip cover 4 Replacement Procedures5. Lift the keyboard out of its bay, revealing the keyboard cable Figure 4-17 Removing the keyboard4 Replacement Procedures Installing the Keyboard 4 Replacement Procedures Figure 4-18 Disconnecting the keyboard cableRemoving the Bluetooth 4.10 BluetoothFigure 4-19 Removing the Bluetooth Installing the BluetoothRemoving the Modem 4.11 ModemFigure 4-20 Removing the modem module 4 Replacement ProceduresInstalling the Modem 4.12 Display AssemblyRemoving the Display Assembly Figure 4-21 Removing the display assembly screws4 Replacement Procedures Figure 4-22 Removing the wireless and LCD cablesInstalling the Display Assembly Removing the Top Cover 4.13 Top CoverRemoving screws of the bottom 4 Replacement ProceduresFigure 4-25 Removing FFC cables Figure 4-24 Removing the top cover4 Replacement Procedures Tecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual4 Replacement Procedures Installing the Top CoverFigure 4-26 Removing Speaker cables 4.14 Touch Pad Installing the Touch PadRemoving the Touch Pad Figure 4-27 Removing the Touch Pad board4.15 Speakers Installing the SpeakersRemoving the Speakers Figure 4-28 Removing the speakersRemoving the LAN Board 4.16 System BoardFigure 4-29 Removing LAN board 4 Replacement ProceduresRemoving the USB Board Installing the LAN BoardFigure 4-30 Removing USB board 4 Replacement ProceduresRemoving the System Board Installing the USB BoardFigure 4-31 Removing the system board 4 Replacement Procedures4.17 Direct Play Button Board Installing the System BoardRemoving the Direct Play Button Board Figure 4-32 Removing the Direct Play Button board4.18 Fan, Heat Sink, & CPU Installing the Direct Play Button BoardRemoving the Fan, Heat Sink & CPU 4 Replacement ProceduresFigure 4-34 Removing the heat sink Figure 4-33 Removing the fan moduleFigure 4-35 Removing the CPU 4 Replacement Procedures4 Replacement Procedures Installing the CPURemoving the Display Mask 4.19 Display MaskFigure 4-36 Removing the display mask 4 Replacement Procedures4 Replacement Procedures Installing the Display MaskTecra A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual 1. Seat the display mask and secure the snaps on each sideRemoving the LCD Module 4.20 LCD ModuleFigure 4-37 Removing the LCD module-1 4 Replacement Procedures4 Replacement Procedures Installing the LCD ModuleFigure 4-38 Removing the LCD module-2 4.21 FL Inverter Board Installing the FL Inverter BoardRemoving the FL Inverter Board Figure 4-39 Removing the FL inverter boardAppendix A Handling the LCD Module Precautions for handling the LCD module3. If the panel’s surface gets dirty, wipe it with cotton or a soft cloth. If it is still dirty, try breathing on the surface to create a light condensate and wipe it again 5. Glass is used in the panel, so be careful not to drop it or let it strike a hard object, which could cause breakage or cracks 7. Do not expose the module to direct sunlight or strong ultraviolet rays for long periods TECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual TECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual B.1 System Board FRDSY* Top View Appendix B Board LayoutFigure B-1 System board FRDSY* layout Top TECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance ManualTECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual B.2 System Board FRDSY* Button ViewFigure B-2 System board FRDSY* layout Button TECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual Table B-1 System board ICs top and bottomMark NumberTECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual Table B-2 System board connectors top and bottomNumber NameSystem Board C.1 JP24,JP25 Appendix C Pin AssignmentsTable C-1 SODIMM I/F pin assignments 200-PIN 1/4 Signal nameSignal name Table C-1 SODIMM I/F pin assignments 200-PIN 2/4Signal Name TECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance ManualSignal name Table C-1 SODIMM I/F pin assignments 200-PIN 3/4Signal Name TECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance ManualSignal name Table C-1 SODIMM I/F pin assignments 200-PIN 4/4Signal Name TECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance ManualTable C-2 RGB I/F pin assignments 15-pin C.2 JP1Signal name Signal NameTable C-3 HDD I/F pin assignments 44-pin C.3 JP18Signal name Signal NameTable C-4 ODD I/F pin assignments 50-pin C.4 JP31Signal name Signal NameTable C-5 PC Card I/F pin assignments 84-pin 1/2 C.5 JP19Signal name Signal NameS1D8 TECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance ManualS1D0 Signal name Table C-5 PC Card I/F pin assignments 84-pin 2/2Signal Name TECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance ManualTable C-6 Mini PCI I/F pin assignments 124-pin 1/2 C.6 JP28Signal name Signal NameC-12 TECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance ManualSignal name Table C-6 Mini PCI I/F pin assignments 124-pin2/2Signal Name TECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance ManualC-14 TECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance ManualSignal name C.7 JP6TECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual Pin NoSignal name C.8 JP29Signal Name TECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance ManualC.9 JP12 Table C-10 AC Adaptor Connector pin assignments 3-pinC.10 PJP1 Table C-9-1 JP12 Fan I/F pin assignments 3-pinC.11 JP21 Table C-12 Headphone Connector pin assignments 6-pinC.12 JP22 Table C-11 Microphone I/F pin assignments 6-pinTable D-1 Scan codes set 1 and set 2 1/4 Appendix D Keyboard Scan/Character CodesTECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual KeytopTECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual Table D-1 Scan codes set 1 and set 2 2/4Keytop Code setTECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual Table D-1 Scan codes set 1 and set 2 3/4Keytop Code set1. * Scan codes differ by mode Table D-1 Scan codes set 1 and set 2 4/4Scan codes with left Shift key Table D-2Table D-4 Scan codes with Fn key Table D-3 Scan codes in Numlock modeTECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual Code setTable D-6 No.124 key scan code Table D-5 Scan codes in overlay modeTECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual KeytopTECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual Table D-7 No.126 key scan codeKey top ShiftE.1 United States US Keyboard Appendix E Key LayoutFigure E-1 US keyboard TECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance ManualTECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual E.2 United Kingdom UK KeyboardFigure E-2 UK keyboard E.4 Japanese JA Keyboard E.3 Spanish SP KeyboardFigure E-3 SP keyboard Figure E-4 JA keyboardTECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual E.5 Korean KO KeyboardFigure E-5 KO keyboard TECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual E.6 French FR KeyboardFigure E-6 FR keyboard E.8 Portuguese Keyboard E.7 French-Canadian KeyboardFigure E-7 FR-C keyboard Figure E8 Portuguese keyboardE.10 GreeceGR Keyboard E.9 US-INTERNATIONAL KeyboardFigure E-9 US-INTE Keyboard Figure E-10 GR keyboardE.12 Swedish Keyboard E.11 Chinese-T KeyboardFigure E-11 CH-T keyboard Figure E-12 Swedish keyboardE.14 CZECH Keyboard E.13 ITALIAN KeyboardFigure E-13 IT keyboard Figure E-14 Czech keyboardE-10 TECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance ManualTable F-1 Appendix F Series Screw Torque ListSeries Screw Torque List TECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance ManualPage SCREW P/N TECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance ManualSCREW SPEC LOCATIONTECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual Table G-1 MTBF Appendix G ReliabilityTECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual ComponentTECRA A3/S2 Series Maintenance Manual