When you turn on your computer, Trash icon

When you turn on your computer

When you turn on your PowerBook, the computer looks on the hard disk inside the computer for the system software it uses to start itself up. (A disk that contains the system software is called a startup disk.) When the computer finds the system software, it displays the icon shown and proceeds to start itself up.

When the startup process is complete, the Macintosh desktop appears on the screen. The desktop is a gray pattern with

ma menu bar across the top (containing the names and icons of menus)

man icon near the upper-right corner representing the startup disk

man icon near the lower-right corner representing the Trash

Menu bar

Startup disk icon

Trash icon

When you “wake” your computer from sleep, it does not go through the startup process because it is already on (at a reduced power level). The Macintosh desktop reappears on the screen immediately, looking just the way it did before the computer went to sleep.

20 Chapter 1: Setting Up Your Macintosh PowerBook

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Apple 145 manual When you turn on your computer, Trash icon

Contents

Macintosh User’s Guide Apple Computer, Inc Contents Chapter Working on the Desktop Setting Up Your Programs Part Using Disks Organizing Your Files Viii Contents 178Finding out about available fonts Other ways to use the LaserWriter Font Utility Using access privileges Setting Scsi ID numbers191 197 Travel, Storage, and Service 227Shift-Click 234 Troubleshooting PowerBook Screen Memory Scsi devices Using Caps Lock Typing special characters and symbolsPrinters Xii Contents Appendix C Map Welcome to Macintosh Xiii Xiv Radio and television interference Page Setting Up Your Macintosh PowerBook Setting up the computer Plug in the power adapterPower adapter port Setting Up Your Macintosh PowerBook Open the display Slide the latch to the right and lift up the display Power button Turn on the computer Trouble? Contrast control Brightness control Installing system software Press the Return key on your keyboard to continueInsert metal end first Continuing your work What to do next Reset button Your computer at a glanceSpeaker Elevation feet Printer port ´ Interrupt button Adjust the screen brightness and contrast controls Learning the basicsBefore you begin Take the Macintosh Basics tour first Finding the tour Starting the tour from the hard disk Setting Up Your Macintosh PowerBook Now your screen should look like the following illustration Page Starting the tour from a floppy disk After a moment, your screen should look like this Setting Up Your Macintosh PowerBook Turning the PowerBook on and off To turn the PowerBook offConserve power when you won’t be using it for several hours Off To put the PowerBook to sleep SleepAutomatic sleep To turn the PowerBook on When the PowerBook is on, you can do your workOn/off summary When you turn on your computer Trash icon Press and release the reset button Restarting a computer that’s already onChoose Restart from the Special menu Hold down the power button for 5 seconds Restart from a floppy disk ± Warning Do not use the computer in or near water Do not drop or jar the computer Do not use the computer in wet or dusty environments Do not touch the screen with any sharp or pointed objects Health concerns associated with computer use Repetitive stress injuries Arranging your work space and equipment ChairKeyboard and trackball Change hand positions often to avoid fatigue Mouse Built-in display General suggestions Page Working on the Desktop Use the trackball Point Click Press Drag Choose a command Telling the Macintosh to do something involves two steps Open an icon Click the startup hard disk icon to select itDots, indicating that it has been opened Look at the contents of a window Continues Make a window larger or smaller Active windowSize box Working on the Desktop Click the zoom box near the right end of the title bar Click the zoom box againZoom box Move the hidden contents of a window into view Horizontal scroll bar Scroll arrow Close a window Click the close boxScroll box Close box Move a window Point to the title bar of the active Macintosh HD windowTitle bar What’s on the desktop? Icons represent containers Working on the Desktop Windows let you see what’s inside containers Menus offer you choicesWindows let you see what’s inside all these containers Memo Modifier keys Arrow keysModifier keys Working on the Desktop How to switch between programs Why it’s important to save your work, and how to save itMake sure that your computer is on Open a program Open the Macintosh HD iconOpen the TeachText icon TeachText menus Create a document Save your workYou will be changing this text later in this chapter Choose Save from the File menu Switch programs Type Opening LinesClick Save Here is another way to make a program active Close a document Close the Opening Lines window Open a document Next step describes a different way to open an iconBecause most Macintosh programs work in similar ways Change a document Now you’re ready to change the text Click the trackball button once With people selected, type the words human beings Now you’ll rearrange some text Save your work so far Save regularly, and save often Make more changes Taking a shortcut With each other selected, type one another Quit a program With togetherness selected, type brotherhood Make a copy of a document Click the Opening Lines icon to select itTo use memory Quitting a program Prompts you to save your work Change the name of an icon Choose Duplicate from the File menu Use the Trash Press the Return keyPressing Return saves the new name Open the Trash icon Choose Empty Trash from the Special menuClick OK Close the Trash window by clicking its close box Working With Disks Insert a floppy disk Double-sided 800K diskSecond hole Working With Disks Floppy disks and hard disks Initialize a disk Read the message on your screenAnother dialog box appears Click Erase Third dialog box appearsType Practice Copy the contents of a disk Open the Practice folder icon Close all the windows on the Macintosh desktop Take a floppy disk out of its drive Protect the contents of a disk On your own Install your programs Lock the program disk Throw away extra System Folders Look for a System Folder in the program folderPage Learning More About Your Computer Open the Battery desk accessory Open the PowerBook control panelTo open the PowerBook control panel Choose Control Panels from the Apple K menu Open the PowerBook icon Use Balloon HelpTurn on Balloon Help Many Macintosh programs also have Balloon Help Turn off Balloon Help Click your hard disk icon to select itPoint to the File menu Start learning how to use your application programs Use Part III of this bookAt this point, you could Page Setting Up Your Programs Before you install Installing system softwareBefore you install, reinstall, or update system software Installer program opens automatically Easy Install dialog box appears Restart your Macintosh Installing customized system software Easy Install dialog box appearsClick the Customize button Click Install Starting up with a floppy disk Installing your programs Installing programs without a floppy disk drive Checking for computer viruses Switching programs Finding out what programs are openHiding and showing windows on the desktop Open programs Close the Info window Preferred size must always be larger than Minimum size Using the Scrapbook Storing items in the ScrapbookCopying items from the Scrapbook Deleting items from the Scrapbook Using a RAM disk Remember a few precautions if you use a RAM diskCreating a RAM disk Click the On button below the words RAM disk Erasing a RAM disk Resizing or removing a RAM diskDrag the items you want to the RAM disk icon Drag the slider to 0% if you want to remove the RAM disk Making a RAM disk the startup disk Page Monitoring the battery charge level Using the Battery desk accessory101 Responding to low-power messages Battery desk accessory appearsWhat you should do What you should know Recharging the battery Recharging with the power adapterPlug in the power adapter as shown Power adapter port Power Management Power Management To recharge a battery, follow these steps Recharging with a recharger Removing or replacing the battery Place the battery in the recharger as shownDoor is physically attached to the battery Battery Hours Batteries Replacement batteries come with a door attached Maximizing battery life Ways to conserve battery power Maximizing work timeKeep virtual memory turned off in the Memory control panel Adjusting the battery conservation settings Close the PowerBook control panelEasiest approach Your computer’s printer or modem port is in use Using the battery conservation options Don’t sleep when pluggedMore about automatic sleep System Hard disk Processor cycling To turn processor cycling back on, click Allow cycling Preparing a new disk for use Initializing a hard disk Using Disks Click Initialize Click Init to initialize the hard diskHard disk’s Scsi ID number Hard disk’s name Initializing a floppy disk Third message asks you to name the diskType a name for the disk Erasing a floppy disk Designating a startup diskClick the icon of the disk you want to erase Protecting the information on a disk Scanning order for startup disksLocking a floppy disk Internal hard disk Locking a file If you can’t save files on a floppy disk Backing up your files Ejecting a disk If you can’t eject a floppy diskAll three methods also work with CD-ROM discs Disk is ejected and its icon disappears from the desktop Testing and repairing disks Hard disk precautionsCaring for disks If a hard disk icon doesn’t appear Using Disk First Aid Click Open Testing a hard disk For assistance if necessary Straightening up your files Using folders to organize your files Creating and naming foldersChoose New Folder from the File menu Type a name for the folder and press Return Filing documents when you save them Making items easier to find Creating an aliasUses for aliases Choose Make Alias from the File menu Installing an item in the Apple menu Moving an item to the desktopLocating the original of an alias Click the Find Original button Finding an item Finding an item by nameChoose Find from the File menu Click the Find button Finding an item using other criteria Search Type text or setDate here One at a time Pop-up menu Location for the search Folders Organizing Your Files Ways to use the Find command Finding items that meet two criteriaItems found are shown highlighted in an outline view Creating a template or stationery Using the Info window Get Info command displays information about a selected itemGetting information about your files File’s Info window View menu Using the View menu Assigning a label to a fileType of list displayed is underlined Tips on transferring files On floppy disksOn another hard disk Page Adapting Your Computer to Your Own Use 139 Installing an item in the Apple menu Installing files in the System FolderSpecifying which items you want opened at startup To have a program or a document open automatically when Removing files from the System Folder Setting the time and date Changing the items in the Label menu Setting a time for the Alarm Clock to go off Choose Alarm Clock from the Apple K menu Turning the alarm off Click the close box to close the Alarm ClockChanging time and date formats Changing the date format Dialog box that appears, make the changes you wantClick OK to close the control panel Changing the time format Make the changes you want Type the currency symbol here Make the changes that you want Close the control panel Adjusting the way the trackball or mouse works Click the double-clicking speed you want Adjusting the way the keyboard works Close the Keyboard control panel Adjusting the keyboard for very slow typing Making keyboard shortcuts easier to typeModifier Sticky Keys Key has been Adjusting the blinking of a menu item Click the button for the blinking rate you want Changing the way the contents of windows appear Changing an icon Select the picture you want to use for the icon Turning off the Empty Trash warning You can turn off this warning in the Trash’s Info box Managing memory Checking memory useMaking the most of your memory Remember the following tips on memory management Adjusting the disk cache Using hard disk space as memory Turning on 32-bit addressing Setting the beep sound Drag the slider up or down to set the volumeClick the beep sound that you want your computer to use Close the Sound control panel Installing a sound Removing a sound Recording sounds Your computer Changing the background pattern Type a name for the sound, and click OK Continues Magnifying the screen image To save the new pattern, double-click the sample pattern Choose Restart from the Special menu Turns CloseView on Inverts screen image Before you print Choosing a printer167 If your printer is connected directly to your computer If your printer is connected over a networkClose the Chooser window Printing Choose Chooser from the Apple K menu Click the icon of the printer you want to useClose the Chooser Your computer is connected to a Selecting Page Setup options Printed copy as aPercentage Original’s size To the printed image Updating printer software on networked computers Make sure that the hard disk indicated is the correct one Printing your work Choose Print from the File menuPrinter software available Paper-feed Printing the contents of a window or the desktop Solutions to common printing problems Check the cable connections to the printerMake sure that the printer is turned on and warmed up Controlling background printing Click to stop printingCurrent document Working with fonts Outline fonts and bitmap fonts Installing fonts Removing fonts Transferring fonts to a LaserWriter printerLocate and open the LaserWriter Font Utility icon Choose Download Fonts from the File menu Fonts you added are listed in the Font Utility dialog boxTo the printer Finding out about available fonts Other ways to use the LaserWriter Font UtilityInitializing a hard disk attached to a printer Click Initialize Restarting a LaserWriter printer Turning the printer’s start page on or off Transferring a PostScript file to a LaserWriter Type a name for the log, and then click Save What networking offers 183 Setting up your computer on a network Using Your Computer on a Network Connecting to a network Turning on AppleTalkPrinter port Icon Close the Sharing Setup control panel Naming your computer and its owner Connecting to a shared disk AppleShare icon Click the name of the computer you want to use Click OK Click Guest or Registered UserCapitalization does not need to match Disconnecting from a shared disk Click the name of a shared disk to select itIcon of the shared disk appears on your desktop Connecting quickly to a shared disk Connecting automatically when you start upConnect to a shared disk Changing your password Creating a new folder on another computerClick OK Close the Chooser Bullet appears for each letter you type Click OK Click OK in the dialog box that appears Sharing your own files Giving folder ownership to someone elseHow file sharing works User or group that you named assumes ownership immediately Turning on guest access Turning file sharing onSection labeled File Sharing, click the Start button Open the Guest icon Selecting a folder or disk to share Close the window and click Save in the box that appears Taking back a shared folder or disk Any shared folder or disk can be made private again Naming a registered user Type the name of a person you want to registerTo register more users, repeat steps 2 Setting a registered user’s password Type a password in the User Password box, then press TabNaming a group of users Close the window, and then click Save in the dialog box Seeing who’s in a group Drag user icons to the new group iconTo see the names of all group members, open the group icon You don’t need to include the Guest icon in any group Selecting a user or group to share a folder or disk Close the window and click Save in the dialog boxRemove the X marks in this row To deny access to guests, open the Guest icon Removing a user from a group Removing a user or group from your list of registered users Giving away ownership of a folder or disk on your computer Turning file sharing off Monitoring file-sharing activity Section labeled File Sharing, click the Stop buttonTo turn file sharing off immediately, type the number Disconnecting someone who is connected to your computer Gaining access to your computer from another computer Open the owner icon the one with the bold outline Using access privileges Understanding access privileges Setting access privileges to folders and disks There are three types of access to shared itemsSee Files allows people to see, open, and copy files Select a folder or disk Choose Sharing from the File menu Access privilege strategies Choose a registered user or group to share the item withTo prevent the folder from being changed, place an Using Your Computer on a Network Checking your access privileges Working with privileges that others have setPlain tab indicates that you can open and use the folder To files in this This folder Linking programs Linking to a program on another computerYou can only link to programs that are shared Select the program you want to link to Disconnecting a program link Allowing other people to link to your programsTwo programs are now linked Then you make a program available for linking by sharing it Turning program linking on Selecting a program for linkingOpen the program If the box is dimmed, the program does not support linking Allowing guests to link to your programs Naming specific users to link to your programs Using Your Computer on a Network Using Scsi devices Scsi port on Macintosh PowerBook computers looks like thisScsi port Scsi port icon 217 Installing software Setting Scsi ID numbersExpanding Your Computer System Small hole gives you access to the ID number switch ID number indicator ID number switchMake sure the Scsi device is turned off Check the ID numbers of all the devices you want to connect Checking that the Scsi chain is properly terminated If you are attaching one Scsi deviceIf you are attaching more than one Scsi device Connecting cables Illustration shows where to add cable terminatorsRepeat for each additional device you want to connect Terminator Connecting a modem Connect the modem to a power source and to the phone lineSee the documentation that came with the modem External modem is ready to use Connecting a printer Connecting a mouse or other ADB device Connecting a microphone Decide where you want to place the microphoneSound output devices Open the door covering the back panel of your computer Adding memory to your computer Page Traveling with the PowerBook Do not check your computer as baggage. Carry it with you227 Storing the PowerBook Short-term storage up to 2 weeksStore the computer in a cool, dry place Service and support If the PowerBook malfunctions or is damagedPlug in the power adapter or use the recharger Long-term storage more than 2 weeks How to get help Apple Computer, Inc Apple Canada, Inc Customer RelationsMariani Avenue CanadaPage Page Shift-click Working with iconsSelecting icons Hold down the Shift key while clicking Working with windows Opening an iconMoving, copying, and renaming an icon Making a window the active window Scrolling through the contents of a window Opening higher-level folder windows Using the outline form in list views Working with menus Choosing an item from a menu Choosing an item from a submenuTo choose an item in a submenu Drag to the menu item so that the submenu appears Troubleshooting PowerBook Computer just stopped Power Battery is draining too fast Battery can’t be recharged Screen Screen looks blurred or out of focus Memory Scsi devices Disk drives and disks See for more information about working with Scsi devices Hard disk keeps stopping and starting again You can’t delete a file on a floppy disk Modems PrintersPrinter may be turned off. Turn it on Network printer keeps restarting Networks Application programs You can’t open a shared disk or folder Message says that a program could not be found Outlined button 253 Using Caps Lock To turn Caps Lock on or off, press the Caps Lock keyAppendix a Keyboard and Character Sets Diacritical mark Key combination Option-cPage Initializing a disk in MS-DOS format Locate the Apple File Exchange icon and open itInsert a blank disk into your floppy disk drive 257 Type a name for the disk, and then click OK Appendix B Exchanging Disks and Files With MS-DOS Computers Converting files to and from MS-DOS format Follow these steps to translate an MS-DOS or ProDOS fileDisk name Pull down the translation menu you want Click Translate Other file-conversion options Page Setting your location 263 Comparing locations Click the Set buttonYour current location is indicated by a blinking cross Appendix C Map Finding a location Adding or removing a location Adding a locationChanging or removing a location Click the Add City buttonPage Page About This MacintoshCommand 155, 158 Accent marks, typing Network passwordsSetting Restricting Battery Conservation settings 83, 109-112, 242 Safety instructionsApplication menu Processor speed Recharging 23, 25, 102-106, 108, 228-229 Battery conservation 82-83, 109-112, 242 beep sound Easy Access File sharing 194-195, 197-198, 201, 202Virtual memory 157-158Copy command 96 copying Control panels Currency formats, changing Delete key 53, 253 deletingDesktop Dragging an object on Don’t sleep when plugged in option 110 Adjusting speed of 148 icons 58, 94 selecting text byBacking up Adding to System Folder 140-141aliases for Changing your password 191-192 Copying contents of 74-75, 78-79, 119 double-sided 70203 Finder Removing 141, 178 troubleshooting 174, 249 TrueType Battery consumption and 101, 104 capacity Caring forLocking and unlocking 77, 117 obtaining Folders 47, 126. See also file sharing System Folder Initialize Printer’s Disk command Saving space on11-14 Hard disk icon Failure to appear 121-122opening Adjusting blinking of 151 positioning InstallingKey Caps desk accessory 180, 254-255kilobyte K Background printing with 175 choosing Connecting Macintosh desktop computer, connecting to VirusesMouse control panel 148 moving Icons 129, 234 text Multiple programs Network administrator 184, 187, 191, 192 Network icon 206-207 Checking your access privileges Connecting toNaming Document 53-54, 66-67, 127 a folder An icon 66-67 Network 183-216. See also Changing your own 191-192, 206-207troubleshooting Preventing automatic sleep while using 110System sleep adjustment 110, 111, 242 Battery Power problems Printer Update document Printing 167-182. See also fonts171-172 ProDOS file format 257, 259 program linking Quit command RAM. See random-access memory RAM RAM disk As startup disk 99, 109Adding Bit addressing Connecting 221 Changing your password 191-92,206-207connecting toMagnifying image on 164-166opening Position of 3 Scroll bars Waking the computer from 10, 17, 18, 110 when to use 18 Speakers 9 Special characters, typing 254-255Special menuFrom floppy disks 22 239 Symbols, typing Pointing with 7, 32 pressing with 34 usingSystem Folder Translator files 257 Modems Networks 188, 189, 197, 206, 248, 249 Passwords Automatically connecting to a shared diskUndo command 252 unlocking Files Assigning a password Finding lost Views control panel 136, 152 virtual memoryHiding and showing program 94 moving 45-46 Apple Computer, Inc