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Apple 145 manual Working With Disks

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Chapter 4

Working With Disks

In this chapter

mWhat hard disks and floppy disks are for, and how they differ

mHow to insert and remove a floppy disk

mHow to prepare a disk for use

mHow to copy the contents of a disk

mHow to protect a floppy disk and its contents

mHow to put programs onto your computer

Before you begin

You need a new floppy disk to follow the steps in this chapter. You should be able to get floppy disks from wherever you got your computer.

Make sure that your computer is on.

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Apple 145 manual Working With Disks

Contents

Macintosh User’s Guide Apple Computer, Inc Contents Working on the Desktop ChapterPart Setting Up Your ProgramsUsing Disks Organizing Your Files 178 Viii ContentsFinding out about available fonts Other ways to use the LaserWriter Font UtilitySetting Scsi ID numbers Using access privileges191 197227 Travel, Storage, and ServiceShift-Click 234Using Caps Lock Typing special characters and symbols Troubleshooting PowerBook Screen Memory Scsi devicesPrinters Appendix C Map Xii ContentsXiii Welcome to MacintoshXiv Radio and television interference Page Setting Up Your Macintosh PowerBook Plug in the power adapter Setting up the computerPower adapter port Setting Up Your Macintosh PowerBook Slide the latch to the right and lift up the display Open the displayTurn on the computer Power buttonContrast control Brightness control Trouble?Press the Return key on your keyboard to continue Installing system softwareInsert metal end first Continuing your work What to do next Your computer at a glance Reset buttonSpeaker Elevation feet Printer port ´ Interrupt buttonLearning the basics Adjust the screen brightness and contrast controlsBefore you begin Take the Macintosh Basics tour firstStarting the tour from the hard disk Finding the tourSetting Up Your Macintosh PowerBook Now your screen should look like the following illustration Page After a moment, your screen should look like this Starting the tour from a floppy diskSetting Up Your Macintosh PowerBook To turn the PowerBook off Turning the PowerBook on and offConserve power when you won’t be using it for several hours OffSleep To put the PowerBook to sleepAutomatic sleep When the PowerBook is on, you can do your work To turn the PowerBook onOn/off summary Trash icon When you turn on your computerRestarting a computer that’s already on Press and release the reset buttonChoose Restart from the Special menu Restart from a floppy disk Hold down the power button for 5 secondsDo not use the computer in or near water ± WarningDo not drop or jar the computer Do not touch the screen with any sharp or pointed objects Do not use the computer in wet or dusty environmentsRepetitive stress injuries Health concerns associated with computer useChair Arranging your work space and equipmentKeyboard and trackball Change hand positions often to avoid fatigueBuilt-in display MouseGeneral suggestions Page Working on the Desktop Point Use the trackballClick Press Drag Telling the Macintosh to do something involves two steps Choose a commandClick the startup hard disk icon to select it Open an iconDots, indicating that it has been opened Look at the contents of a window Continues Active window Make a window larger or smallerSize box Working on the Desktop Click the zoom box again Click the zoom box near the right end of the title barZoom box Move the hidden contents of a window into view Scroll arrow Horizontal scroll barClick the close box Close a windowScroll box Close boxPoint to the title bar of the active Macintosh HD window Move a windowTitle bar Icons represent containers What’s on the desktop?Working on the Desktop Menus offer you choices Windows let you see what’s inside containersWindows let you see what’s inside all these containers MemoArrow keys Modifier keysModifier keys Working on the Desktop Why it’s important to save your work, and how to save it How to switch between programsMake sure that your computer is on Open the Macintosh HD icon Open a programOpen the TeachText icon TeachText menusSave your work Create a documentYou will be changing this text later in this chapter Choose Save from the File menuType Opening Lines Switch programsClick Save Here is another way to make a program active Close the Opening Lines window Close a documentNext step describes a different way to open an icon Open a documentBecause most Macintosh programs work in similar ways Now you’re ready to change the text Change a documentWith people selected, type the words human beings Click the trackball button onceNow you’ll rearrange some text Save regularly, and save often Save your work so farTaking a shortcut Make more changesWith each other selected, type one another With togetherness selected, type brotherhood Quit a programClick the Opening Lines icon to select it Make a copy of a documentTo use memory Quitting a program Prompts you to save your workChoose Duplicate from the File menu Change the name of an iconPress the Return key Use the TrashPressing Return saves the new name Choose Empty Trash from the Special menu Open the Trash iconClick OK Close the Trash window by clicking its close boxWorking With Disks Double-sided 800K disk Insert a floppy diskSecond hole Working With DisksFloppy disks and hard disks Read the message on your screen Initialize a diskAnother dialog box appears Third dialog box appears Click EraseType Practice Copy the contents of a disk Close all the windows on the Macintosh desktop Open the Practice folder iconTake a floppy disk out of its drive Protect the contents of a disk Lock the program disk On your own Install your programsLook for a System Folder in the program folder Throw away extra System FoldersPage Learning More About Your Computer Open the PowerBook control panel Open the Battery desk accessoryTo open the PowerBook control panel Choose Control Panels from the Apple K menuUse Balloon Help Open the PowerBook iconTurn on Balloon Help Many Macintosh programs also have Balloon HelpClick your hard disk icon to select it Turn off Balloon HelpPoint to the File menu Use Part III of this book Start learning how to use your application programsAt this point, you could Page Setting Up Your Programs Installing system software Before you installBefore you install, reinstall, or update system software Installer program opens automaticallyRestart your Macintosh Easy Install dialog box appearsEasy Install dialog box appears Installing customized system softwareClick the Customize button Starting up with a floppy disk Click InstallInstalling programs without a floppy disk drive Installing your programsChecking for computer viruses Finding out what programs are open Switching programsHiding and showing windows on the desktop Open programsPreferred size must always be larger than Minimum size Close the Info windowStoring items in the Scrapbook Using the ScrapbookCopying items from the Scrapbook Deleting items from the ScrapbookRemember a few precautions if you use a RAM disk Using a RAM diskCreating a RAM disk Click the On button below the words RAM diskResizing or removing a RAM disk Erasing a RAM diskDrag the items you want to the RAM disk icon Drag the slider to 0% if you want to remove the RAM diskMaking a RAM disk the startup disk Page Using the Battery desk accessory Monitoring the battery charge level101 Battery desk accessory appears Responding to low-power messagesWhat you should do What you should knowRecharging with the power adapter Recharging the batteryPlug in the power adapter as shown Power adapter port Power ManagementPower Management Recharging with a recharger To recharge a battery, follow these stepsPlace the battery in the recharger as shown Removing or replacing the batteryDoor is physically attached to the battery Battery Hours BatteriesReplacement batteries come with a door attached Maximizing battery life Maximizing work time Ways to conserve battery powerKeep virtual memory turned off in the Memory control panel Close the PowerBook control panel Adjusting the battery conservation settingsEasiest approach Your computer’s printer or modem port is in useDon’t sleep when plugged Using the battery conservation optionsMore about automatic sleep System Hard diskTo turn processor cycling back on, click Allow cycling Processor cyclingInitializing a hard disk Preparing a new disk for useClick Initialize Click Init to initialize the hard disk Using DisksHard disk’s Scsi ID number Hard disk’s name Third message asks you to name the disk Initializing a floppy diskType a name for the disk Designating a startup disk Erasing a floppy diskClick the icon of the disk you want to erase Scanning order for startup disks Protecting the information on a diskLocking a floppy disk Internal hard diskLocking a file Backing up your files If you can’t save files on a floppy diskIf you can’t eject a floppy disk Ejecting a diskAll three methods also work with CD-ROM discs Disk is ejected and its icon disappears from the desktopHard disk precautions Testing and repairing disksCaring for disks If a hard disk icon doesn’t appearUsing Disk First Aid Click Open For assistance if necessary Testing a hard diskStraightening up your files Creating and naming folders Using folders to organize your filesChoose New Folder from the File menu Type a name for the folder and press ReturnFiling documents when you save them Creating an alias Making items easier to findUses for aliases Choose Make Alias from the File menuMoving an item to the desktop Installing an item in the Apple menuLocating the original of an alias Click the Find Original buttonFinding an item by name Finding an itemChoose Find from the File menu Click the Find buttonSearch Type text or set Finding an item using other criteriaDate here One at a time Pop-up menuFolders Organizing Your Files Location for the searchFinding items that meet two criteria Ways to use the Find commandItems found are shown highlighted in an outline view Creating a template or stationery Get Info command displays information about a selected item Using the Info windowGetting information about your files File’s Info window View menuAssigning a label to a file Using the View menuType of list displayed is underlined On floppy disks Tips on transferring filesOn another hard disk Page 139 Adapting Your Computer to Your Own UseInstalling files in the System Folder Installing an item in the Apple menuSpecifying which items you want opened at startup To have a program or a document open automatically whenRemoving files from the System Folder Changing the items in the Label menu Setting the time and dateChoose Alarm Clock from the Apple K menu Setting a time for the Alarm Clock to go offClick the close box to close the Alarm Clock Turning the alarm offChanging time and date formats Dialog box that appears, make the changes you want Changing the date formatClick OK to close the control panel Make the changes you want Changing the time formatMake the changes that you want Close the control panel Type the currency symbol hereClick the double-clicking speed you want Adjusting the way the trackball or mouse worksClose the Keyboard control panel Adjusting the way the keyboard worksMaking keyboard shortcuts easier to type Adjusting the keyboard for very slow typingModifier Sticky Keys Key has beenClick the button for the blinking rate you want Adjusting the blinking of a menu itemChanging the way the contents of windows appear Select the picture you want to use for the icon Changing an iconYou can turn off this warning in the Trash’s Info box Turning off the Empty Trash warningChecking memory use Managing memoryMaking the most of your memory Remember the following tips on memory managementAdjusting the disk cache Using hard disk space as memory Turning on 32-bit addressing Drag the slider up or down to set the volume Setting the beep soundClick the beep sound that you want your computer to use Close the Sound control panelRemoving a sound Installing a soundYour computer Recording soundsType a name for the sound, and click OK Changing the background patternContinues To save the new pattern, double-click the sample pattern Magnifying the screen imageChoose Restart from the Special menu Inverts screen image Turns CloseView onChoosing a printer Before you print167 If your printer is connected over a network If your printer is connected directly to your computerClose the Chooser window PrintingClick the icon of the printer you want to use Choose Chooser from the Apple K menuClose the Chooser Your computer is connected to aPrinted copy as a Selecting Page Setup optionsPercentage Original’s size To the printed imageMake sure that the hard disk indicated is the correct one Updating printer software on networked computersChoose Print from the File menu Printing your workPrinter software available Paper-feedPrinting the contents of a window or the desktop Check the cable connections to the printer Solutions to common printing problemsMake sure that the printer is turned on and warmed up Click to stop printing Controlling background printingCurrent document Outline fonts and bitmap fonts Working with fontsInstalling fonts Transferring fonts to a LaserWriter printer Removing fontsLocate and open the LaserWriter Font Utility icon Fonts you added are listed in the Font Utility dialog box Choose Download Fonts from the File menuTo the printer Other ways to use the LaserWriter Font Utility Finding out about available fontsInitializing a hard disk attached to a printer Click InitializeTurning the printer’s start page on or off Restarting a LaserWriter printerType a name for the log, and then click Save Transferring a PostScript file to a LaserWriter183 What networking offersUsing Your Computer on a Network Setting up your computer on a networkTurning on AppleTalk Connecting to a networkPrinter port Icon Naming your computer and its owner Close the Sharing Setup control panelAppleShare icon Connecting to a shared diskClick OK Click Guest or Registered User Click the name of the computer you want to useCapitalization does not need to match Click the name of a shared disk to select it Disconnecting from a shared diskIcon of the shared disk appears on your desktop Connecting automatically when you start up Connecting quickly to a shared diskConnect to a shared disk Creating a new folder on another computer Changing your passwordClick OK Close the Chooser Click OK Click OK in the dialog box that appears Bullet appears for each letter you typeGiving folder ownership to someone else Sharing your own filesHow file sharing works User or group that you named assumes ownership immediatelyTurning file sharing on Turning on guest accessSection labeled File Sharing, click the Start button Open the Guest iconClose the window and click Save in the box that appears Selecting a folder or disk to shareAny shared folder or disk can be made private again Taking back a shared folder or diskType the name of a person you want to register Naming a registered userTo register more users, repeat steps 2 Type a password in the User Password box, then press Tab Setting a registered user’s passwordNaming a group of users Close the window, and then click Save in the dialog boxDrag user icons to the new group icon Seeing who’s in a groupTo see the names of all group members, open the group icon You don’t need to include the Guest icon in any groupClose the window and click Save in the dialog box Selecting a user or group to share a folder or diskRemove the X marks in this row To deny access to guests, open the Guest icon Removing a user or group from your list of registered users Removing a user from a groupTurning file sharing off Giving away ownership of a folder or disk on your computerSection labeled File Sharing, click the Stop button Monitoring file-sharing activityTo turn file sharing off immediately, type the number Gaining access to your computer from another computer Disconnecting someone who is connected to your computerOpen the owner icon the one with the bold outline Understanding access privileges Using access privilegesThere are three types of access to shared items Setting access privileges to folders and disksSee Files allows people to see, open, and copy files Select a folder or disk Choose Sharing from the File menuChoose a registered user or group to share the item with Access privilege strategiesTo prevent the folder from being changed, place an Using Your Computer on a Network Working with privileges that others have set Checking your access privilegesPlain tab indicates that you can open and use the folder To files in this This folderLinking to a program on another computer Linking programsYou can only link to programs that are shared Select the program you want to link toAllowing other people to link to your programs Disconnecting a program linkTwo programs are now linked Then you make a program available for linking by sharing itSelecting a program for linking Turning program linking onOpen the program If the box is dimmed, the program does not support linkingNaming specific users to link to your programs Allowing guests to link to your programsUsing Your Computer on a Network Scsi port on Macintosh PowerBook computers looks like this Using Scsi devicesScsi port Scsi port icon 217 Setting Scsi ID numbers Installing softwareExpanding Your Computer System ID number indicator ID number switch Small hole gives you access to the ID number switchMake sure the Scsi device is turned off Check the ID numbers of all the devices you want to connectIf you are attaching one Scsi device Checking that the Scsi chain is properly terminatedIf you are attaching more than one Scsi device Illustration shows where to add cable terminators Connecting cablesRepeat for each additional device you want to connect TerminatorConnect the modem to a power source and to the phone line Connecting a modemSee the documentation that came with the modem External modem is ready to useConnecting a mouse or other ADB device Connecting a printerDecide where you want to place the microphone Connecting a microphoneSound output devices Open the door covering the back panel of your computerAdding memory to your computer Page Do not check your computer as baggage. Carry it with you Traveling with the PowerBook227 Short-term storage up to 2 weeks Storing the PowerBookStore the computer in a cool, dry place If the PowerBook malfunctions or is damaged Service and supportPlug in the power adapter or use the recharger Long-term storage more than 2 weeksApple Computer, Inc Apple Canada, Inc Customer Relations How to get helpMariani Avenue CanadaPage Page Working with icons Shift-clickSelecting icons Hold down the Shift key while clickingOpening an icon Working with windowsMoving, copying, and renaming an icon Making a window the active windowOpening higher-level folder windows Scrolling through the contents of a windowWorking with menus Using the outline form in list viewsChoosing an item from a submenu Choosing an item from a menuTo choose an item in a submenu Drag to the menu item so that the submenu appears PowerBook TroubleshootingComputer just stopped Battery is draining too fast PowerBattery can’t be recharged Screen looks blurred or out of focus ScreenScsi devices MemorySee for more information about working with Scsi devices Disk drives and disksHard disk keeps stopping and starting again You can’t delete a file on a floppy disk Printers ModemsPrinter may be turned off. Turn it on Network printer keeps restarting Networks You can’t open a shared disk or folder Application programsMessage says that a program could not be found 253 Outlined buttonTo turn Caps Lock on or off, press the Caps Lock key Using Caps LockAppendix a Keyboard and Character Sets Option-c Diacritical mark Key combinationPage Locate the Apple File Exchange icon and open it Initializing a disk in MS-DOS formatInsert a blank disk into your floppy disk drive 257Appendix B Exchanging Disks and Files With MS-DOS Computers Type a name for the disk, and then click OKFollow these steps to translate an MS-DOS or ProDOS file Converting files to and from MS-DOS formatDisk name Click Translate Pull down the translation menu you wantOther file-conversion options Page 263 Setting your locationClick the Set button Comparing locationsYour current location is indicated by a blinking cross Appendix C MapFinding a location Adding a location Adding or removing a locationChanging or removing a location Click the Add City buttonPage Page Network passwords About This MacintoshCommand 155, 158 Accent marks, typingSetting RestrictingSafety instructions Battery Conservation settings 83, 109-112, 242Application menu Processor speed Recharging 23, 25, 102-106, 108, 228-229Easy Access File sharing 194-195, 197-198, 201, 202 Battery conservation 82-83, 109-112, 242 beep soundVirtual memory 157-158Copy command 96 copying Control panelsDelete key 53, 253 deleting Currency formats, changingDesktop Dragging an object onAdjusting speed of 148 icons 58, 94 selecting text by Don’t sleep when plugged in option 110Backing up Adding to System Folder 140-141aliases forCopying contents of 74-75, 78-79, 119 double-sided 70 Changing your password 191-192203 FinderBattery consumption and 101, 104 capacity Caring for Removing 141, 178 troubleshooting 174, 249 TrueTypeLocking and unlocking 77, 117 obtaining Folders 47, 126. See also file sharing System FolderSaving space on Initialize Printer’s Disk command11-14 Hard disk icon Failure to appear 121-122openingInstalling Adjusting blinking of 151 positioningKey Caps desk accessory 180, 254-255kilobyte K Background printing with 175 choosing ConnectingViruses Macintosh desktop computer, connecting toMouse control panel 148 moving Icons 129, 234 text Multiple programs206-207 Checking your access privileges Connecting to Network administrator 184, 187, 191, 192 Network iconNaming Document 53-54, 66-67, 127 a folder An icon 66-67 Network 183-216. See alsoPreventing automatic sleep while using 110 Changing your own 191-192, 206-207troubleshootingSystem sleep adjustment 110, 111, 242 BatteryPrinter Update document Printing 167-182. See also fonts Power problems171-172 ProDOS file format 257, 259 program linkingAs startup disk 99, 109 Quit command RAM. See random-access memory RAM RAM diskAdding Bit addressingChanging your password 191-92,206-207connecting to Connecting 221Magnifying image on 164-166opening Position of 3 Scroll barsSpeakers 9 Special characters, typing 254-255Special menu Waking the computer from 10, 17, 18, 110 when to use 18From floppy disks 22 239Pointing with 7, 32 pressing with 34 using Symbols, typingSystem Folder Translator files 257Automatically connecting to a shared disk Modems Networks 188, 189, 197, 206, 248, 249 PasswordsUndo command 252 unlocking Files Assigning a passwordViews control panel 136, 152 virtual memory Finding lostHiding and showing program 94 moving 45-46 Apple Computer, Inc