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A disk is further divided by sectors, which are similar in shape to pie slices. The figure below provides a simple representation of tracks and sectors.

Double-sided, double-density diskettes have either 40 or 80 tracks on each side, and double-sided, high-density diskettes have 80 tracks on each side. Diskettes can have 8,9,15, or 18 sectors per track.

A hard disk consists of two or more platters stacked on top of one another and thus has four or more sides. In addition, a hard disk has many more tracks per side than a diskette, but the number of tracks depends on the capacity of the hard disk. The number of sectors depends on the type of hard disk.

Using Your Computer

3-11

Contents

Page Page Page Page IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS Page Contents Page Chapter 4 Enhancing System Operations Chapter 5 Installing and Removing Options Appendix A Using the VGA Utilities Microsoft/IBM OS/2 Presentation Manager Microsoft Word,Version 5.0 Autodesk AutoCAD, Version 2.62 Autodesk AutoCAD, Version 9.00 Autodesk AutoCAD, Version 10.0 Appendix B Installing and Removing Disk Drives Appendix B Using the Correct Drive Bay How to Use This Appendix Setting the Hard Disk Drive Jumpers Appendix D Troubleshooting Appendix D The Computer Won’t Start The Computer Does Not Respond Using the MOUSE7PT.EXE Program Appendix F Specifications Environmental Requirements F-l F-2 F-2 F-3 F-3 F-4 F-4 F-5 Glossary Page Introduction Optional Equipment Operating Systems and Other Software VGA Utilities How to Use This Manual 4Introduction Where to Get Help Page Setting Up Your System Page 2 Removing the Protector Card 3 Connecting a Monitor Using the VGA Interface avoid Page Using a Display Adapter Card 4 Connecting a Printer or Other Device Using the Parallel Interface Page Page Using the Serial Interface 5 Connecting the Keyboard 6Connecting the Mouse Page 7 Connecting the Power Cord WARNING 8 Turning On the Computer Page Turning Off the Computer Running the Setup Program Automatic Configuration Starting the Setup Program Page Setup Enter Display Password Cache memory Time is invalid Set default value prompt.Ifyou see one of these Be sure Running the Setup Program Moving the Cursor Block Setting the Display Adapter Type CGA Monochrome column EGA,MCGA,VGA or other EGA, MCGA,VGA or other Note * * * SAVE SETTING * * * and Setting the Power-onPassword Password. This Power-onpassword Network server mode OFF password Shift Network server mode off Set a power-onpassword first Power-on password Setting the Extended Memory Caching Caching is active only when your computer is operating at 25 MHz (high) speed system Cache memory OFF in OFF for to Extended memory caching the first range OFF Setting the Processor Speed TURBO Speed: High (High is Low simulates Automat Setting the Keyboard and Speaker Options setting is Enabled Num Lock Num Lock OFF is Normal Keyboard/ Sound Enabled block Initial num lock and press Enter 8.Highlight *** SAVE SETTINGS * * * and press Setting the Real-timeClock the Page Date Enter. You you Setting the Hard Disk Drive Configuration Hard disk drive None Enter and User defined Number of cylinders Number of heads ** SAVE SETTINGS Hard Disk Drive Types Page Setting the Diskette Drive Type(s) Diskette drive.The Drive A: 1.2 MB Drive B: None Not Setting the Serial/Parallel Interfaces Serial/Parallel.The Serial Primary Parallel Primary Disabled Primary ** * SAVE SETTINGS Reviewing Your Settings Exit at main PgDn PgDn. You PgUp PgDn Change settings Leaving the Setup Menu ** EXIT AND SAVE Page Using Your Computer Copying the Reference and Utility Files AFDD.EXE ESPEED.EXE HDSIT.COM HDSIT.VER ROMBIOS.COM Special Keys on the Keyboard Key functions Key Key functions (continued) Caps Num Lock Scroll Lock Stopping a Command or Program Ctrl Break you Resetting the Computer Some programs classify store new data when you program in the normal manner program, you may lose data Using a Power-onPassword on network server mode when you ran the Setup program procedure to enter your password. See “Using Your Changing a Power-onPassword 123/ABC key, such as on Deleting a Power-onPassword Using Your Computer Using Disks and Disk Drives How Disks Store Data Page Types of Diskette Drives stands for megabyte, which 360KB 720KB You must later Drive and diskette incompatibilities Caring for Diskettes and Diskette Drives Page Write-protectingDiskettes Page Using a Single Diskette Drive System Inserting and Removing Diskettes Caution Formatting Diskettes Making Backup Copies Using a Hard Disk Drive Backing up the hard disk Caring for your hard disk drive Preparing the hard disk for moving Enter: HDSIT Enhancing System Operations Changing the Processor Speed Page Entering Keyboard Commands Ctrl Alt Ctrl Alt You can use the commands listed above while you are running a program MS-DOS Using the ESPEED Program recognize ESPEED Usage: ESPEED [/H][/L][/Al ESPEED /A Entering the ESPEED command in a batch file SAMPLE SAMP Reassigning the Diskette Drives Ctrl Alt Del Using the AFDD Program AFDD New Assign Present 1.44MB AFDD /S for instructions on creating and using batch files Using Your Computer as a Network Server WARNING! SHARE should be loaded for large media Using a Password in Network Server Mode If you forget the power-onpassword, see “Password Problems” in Appendix D Using Expanded Memory Beyond 64OKB Using Special VGA Features Page Installing and Removing Options Removing the Cover Page Page Page Changing the Jumper Settings Setting the Jumpers The following tables list the jumper settings and their functions Miscellaneous jumper settings Jumper Jumper Jumper settings for base memory Jumper settings for extended memory Installing and Removing Options Installing an Option Card Page the of the computer to ground and avoid an electric shock Page Page Removing an Option Card 16MB Installing Memory Modules Page Page Page Page Removing Memory Modules SIMMs Page Page Installing a Math Coprocessor Page Page Page Page Removing a Math Coprocessor Replacing the Cover Page Post-installationSetup Page Page Using the VGA Utilities This computer high-resolution Page Preparing to Install Drivers or Utilities Using the VGA Driver Setup Program Page selected End Enter the [driver:path] for installation [C:\WIN386] change it, use Backspace Create path [C:\WIN386] (Y/N) Insert Driver Disk #2 Press any key when it is ready Print Screen Microsoft Windows/286, Versions 2.03, 2.10, and Installing the Drivers VGA Other Using the Microsoft Windows/386, Versions 2.03, 2.10, and COMPAQ 80386-BasedPersonal Computers and Compatibles Microsoft Windows, Version COPY W3L768.DRV VGA.DRV SETUP Chips Microsoft/IBM OS/2 Presentation Manager, Versions 1.1 and Version 1.1: Version 1.2: To install the drivers, follow the steps below: 3.If you are running Presentation Manager, exit from it 5.Remove the Utility diskette from drive A Type C : \VGA COPY VGA768.DLL DISPLAY.DLL CD Enter.) COPY CONFIG.SYS+CON CONFIG.SYS LIBPATH=C:\VGA REN VGA768.VID SCREEN.VID Autodesk AutoCAD, Version AutoCAD Before directory D2V1768 Installing the driver in the AUTOEXEC.BAT file Page Configure video display Configuring AutoShade R4V1768 R4V17 Configure AutoCAD C o n f i g u r e v i d e o d i s p l a y Select ADI display v4.0 as your new driver.(The menu indicates Autodesk AutoCAD 386, Version REN VGA768.EXP ADIDISP.EXP ADI Autodesk AutoCAD, Version 10.0 (Fast Display List) INSTVGA Running AutoCAD necessary FASTACAD DLDVGA -U Configure AutoCAD from AD1 display driver. (The Digital Research GEM, Version Epson provides GEM 2.2 drivers for the following resolutions: ❏640 x 480, 16-colorgraphics (SDV1480.SYS) GEMPREP SCRNSTAL C: IBM 16-color VGA (640x480) or GEMSETUP GEM- DRIVRPK Choose to change, select Other (Driver Pak) Ventura Publisher, Versions 1.0 and Version 1.0: Page VPDRIVER VPDRVl-1 Ventura Publisher, Version VPDRV2-0 Lotus 1-2-3,Release 2.0 and Lotus Symphony, Releases 1.0, 1.1, and INSTALL Advanced options 7.Then select Add new drivers to library 8.Nextchoose Modify current driver set 9.Select Text display Ret urn to menu Save changes SET Running Lotus Ashton-TateFramework II, Release 640 x 480, 16-colorgraphics: 800 x 600, 16-colorgraphics: All other uses of the setup program Primary Hardware Screen Driver I want to enter my own driver filename WordStar, Version Installing the Patch COPY WS.COM WSORIG.COM programs REN WS.COM WS132.COM REN WSORIG.COM WS.COM Running WordStar VGAMODE 132 WS132 WS132.EXE Monitor Running WordStar 4.0 and WordPerfect, Versions 4.0 and WP /S Running WordPerfect 4.0 and WordPerfect, Version A-44 Using the VGA Utilities Configuring for 132 Columns WordPerfect does not display and press Enter to VersaCAD Design, Version CHIPS Modifying the VersaCAD Batch File EGA768.EXE VersaCAD 386, Version Modifying the VersaCAD 386 Batch File EGAP768.EXE CADVANCE, Version DEL GS.DRV REN GS768.DRV GS.DRV OrCAD, Version Configuring OrCAD DRAFT /C CHIPS768.DRV Generic CADD, Version 1.1, Level REN CHIPS768.VID VGA.VGD Configuring Generic CADD CONFIG 2.Selectoption 1,Select a Video Graphic Display VESA Driver, Version Installing the Driver VESA452 VESA452 + Using SETVESA SETVESA SETVESA 32 SETVESA 128 SETVESA 64 Using VTEST VTEST Utility Programs programs: VGAMODE Utility Installing the utility Utility programs Adding VGAMODE to the AUTOEXEC.BAT file PATH C:\pathname PATH C:\UTIL Using the utility VGAMODE [columns], [rows] SETVGA Utility Only a few, old software Utility programs. Then select SETVGA Adding SETVGA to the AUTOEXEC.BAT file For PATH C:\pathname SETVGA [emulation] SETVGA SETVGA EGAC MODETEST Utility frequency Installing and using the utility MODETEST MODETEST results 6.Press ESC to exit MODETEST WS33INST Utility SNOOZE Utility SNOOZE Adding SNOOZE to the AUTOEXEC.BAT file SNOOZE see Installing and Removing Disk Drives How to Use This Appendix Changing the Jumper Settings Page Page Page Installing the Drive Page Page Page Page Page Page Installing or Removing a Disk Drive in the Horizontal Position Page Page Page Page Page If you do not align the holes with the pins, you could severely damage your drive when you push in the connector Page Page Replacing the Subassembly Page Position supply connector P4 so the large tab on the Page Page Physically Formatting a Hard Disk In addition FDISK, SELECT FORMAT. After you Choosing the Type of Format hard disk Reformatting a Used Disk Formatting a New Disk l-Format option to Selecting an Option option ? (Y/N) Option 1, Format -Format Format Hard Disk < Drive 1: Scan hard disk to get defective track information Enter new skewed sectors in format(l-16): Accept recommended skewed sectors per head in format : 0 ? (Y/N) Enter new skewed sectors per head in format (O-16): The program now allows you to edit the defective track table: At the bottom of the table is this prompt: Modify defective track table ? (Y/N) To add bad tracks to the defective track table, see the section below Modifying the Defective Track Table Enter head number (0 -nn): Formatting the Disk DOUBLE CHECK THAT YOU HAVE BACKUP DISKETTE COPIES OF ALL YOUR FILES Format started Head : nnn Cylinder : nnnnn Cylinder Format finished Format Flagging bad tracks Cylinder is nnnn, head is nn nnnn 2-Destructive surface analysis Analyze Hard Disk <Drive 1: Read/Save/Write/Read/Restore/Read check for all tracks Cylinder is 237, head is Press ENTER to return to the menu Option 3, Non-destructiveSurface Analysis test, select 3-Non-destructive Exiting the Hard Disk Format Menu -Exit The Page Troubleshooting ROMBIOS Enter. (You VER Exit to MS-DOS key) Power-ondiagnostics error codes and messages (continued) D-4Troubleshooting The Computer Won’t Start power. Turn off computer D-5 The Computer Does Not Respond Break Page Password Problems TURN OFF POWER AND CORRECT JUMPER SETTING TO ENABLE PASSWORD CHECKING JP13 to Removing a Password Disabling an existing password * EXIT AND SAVE Disabling the password function Setting a New Password Network Server Mode EXIT AND SAVE Note Keyboard Problems Monitor Problems D-13 Page Diskette Problems Page Page Diskette Drive Problems Drive d: Abort, Retry, or Fail Hard Disk Problems DIR COPY A:COMMAND.COM C: A : SYS c: Reformatting destroys all the data currently on your hard disk after trying the preceding step Software Problems Printer Problems A>) Print Screen Option Card Problems Mouse Problems Using the MOUSE7PT.EXE Program the MOUSE7PT MOUSE.COM newmouse.COM newmouse COM Memory Module Problems Math Coprocessor Problems not insta11ed as installed in the Page Performing System Diagnostics Starting System Diagnostics System d i a g n o s t i c s Selecting an Option this: 1 - Run test one time 2 - Run test multiple times 0 - Exit Modifying the Device List DEVICE LIST is correct ? (Y/N) Selecting a Test s t o p Resuming From an Error Do you want a printout of the error message(s) ? (Y/N) continue Printout is finished. Press ENTER to return to the menu Page System diagnostics tests (continued) Device Tests available Description E-10Performing System Diagnostics Page Error Codes and Messages system diagnostics error codes and messages E-12Performing System Diagnostics System diagnostics error codes and messages (continued) Perfoming System Diagnostics Diagnostics E-14Performing System Diagnostics Specifications Controllers Interfaces Power Supply Type Mass Storage Keyboard Environmental Requirements Physical Characteristics Page Glossary Automatic speed Backup Base memory Batch file BIOS Byte Cache memory CGA Character CMOS Command prompt Configuration Conventional memory MS-DOS Copy-protectedprogram CPU Cursor Cylinders Data Data diskette Device Device driver Diagnostics DIP switch Directory Diskette Display adapter card card DOS Double-density Expanded memory Extended Memory Extended VGA mode Extension File Format Graphics Hard disk Hardware High-density Key disk Kilobyte (KB) LIM 4.0 EMS Main system board Math coprocessor Megahertz (MHz) PLUS Memory Memory module Memory on card Monitor Monochrome monitor Mouse Network server Network server mode Numeric keypad Operating speed The Operating system Option card Partition Pathname Peripheral Port Power-ondiagnostics Program Prompt Read/write head RGB ROM RS-232C Sector 16 Glossary Shadow RAM SIMM Software Subdirectory Super-extendedVGA mode System diskette Tracks VGA Video card Write Index 2 Index