Texas Instruments TMS320DM643X DMP Programming Interface, Ethernet’s Multiple Access Protocol

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Peripheral Architecture

2.4.2Ethernet’s Multiple Access Protocol

Nodes in an Ethernet Local Area Network are interconnected by a broadcast channel, as a result, when an EMAC port transmits a frame, all the adapters on the local network receive the frame. Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) algorithms are used when the EMAC operates in half-duplex mode. When operating in full-duplex mode, there is no contention for use of a shared medium, since there are exactly two ports on the local network.

Each port runs the CSMA/CD protocol without explicit coordination with the other ports on the Ethernet network. Within a specific port, the CSMA/CD protocol works as follows:

1.The port obtains data from upper layers protocols at its node, prepares an Ethernet frame, and puts the frame in a buffer.

2.If the port senses that the medium is idle it starts to transmit the frame. If the port senses that the transmission medium is busy, it waits until it senses no signal energy (plus an Inter-Packet Gap time) and then starts to transmit the frame.

3.While transmitting, the port monitors for the presence of signal energy coming from other ports. If the port transmits the entire frame without detecting signal energy from other Ethernet devices, the port is done with the frame.

4.If the port detects signal energy from other ports while transmitting, it stops transmitting its frame and instead transmits a 48-bit jam signal.

5.After transmitting the jam signal the port enters an exponential backoff phase. Specifically, when transmitting a given frame, after experiencing a number of collisions in a row for the frame, the port chooses a random value that is dependent on the number of collisions. The port then waits an amount of time that is multiple of this random value, and returns to step 2.

2.5Programming Interface

2.5.1Packet Buffer Descriptors

The buffer descriptor is a central part of the EMAC module and is how the application software describes Ethernet packets to be sent and empty buffers to be filled with incoming packet data. The basic descriptor format is shown in Figure 4 and described in Table 3.

For example, consider three packets to be transmitted, Packet A is a single fragment (60 bytes), Packet B is fragmented over three buffers (1514 bytes total), and Packet C is a single fragment (1514 bytes). The linked list of descriptors to describe these three packets is shown in Figure 5.

Figure 4. Basic Descriptor Format

 

 

Bit Fields

 

Word

 

 

 

Offset

31

16 15

0

0

 

Next Descriptor Pointer

 

1

 

Buffer Pointer

 

2

Buffer Offset

 

Buffer Length

3

Flags

 

Packet Length

16 Ethernet Media Access Controller (EMAC)/SPRU941A –April 2007

Management Data Input/Output (MDIO)

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Contents Users Guide Submit Documentation Feedback Contents MAC Hash Address Register 1 MACHASH1 Appendix a Appendix BList of Figures Transmit Pacing Algorithm Test Register Tpacetest List of Tables Fifo Control Register Fifocontrol Field Descriptions Read This First Features Purpose of the PeripheralFunctional Block Diagram Emac and Mdio Block Diagram Signal Descriptions Industry Standards Compliance Statement Clock Control Memory MapEmac and Mdio Signals Signal Type DescriptionEthernet Protocol Overview Ethernet Frame FormatEthernet Frame Description Field Bytes DescriptionProgramming Interface Ethernet’s Multiple Access ProtocolPacket Buffer Descriptors Basic Descriptor Description Typical Descriptor Linked ListTransmit and Receive Descriptor Queues Transmit and Receive Emac Interrupts Transmit Buffer Descriptor Format Example 1. Transmit Buffer Descriptor in C Structure FormatNext Descriptor Pointer Buffer PointerBuffer Offset Buffer LengthEnd of Packet EOP Flag Ownership Owner FlagEnd of Queue EOQ Flag Teardown Complete Tdowncmplt FlagReceive Buffer Descriptor Format Receive Buffer Descriptor FormatExample 2. Receive Buffer Descriptor in C Structure Format #define EmacdscflagjabberBuffer Length Code Error Codeerror Flag Alignment Error Alignerror FlagCRC Error Crcerror Flag Jabber FlagEmac Control Module No Match Nomatch FlagInternal Memory Bus ArbiterInterrupt Control Mdio ModuleMdio Module Components PHY Register User Access Mdio Clock GeneratorGlobal PHY Detection and Link State Monitoring Active PHY MonitoringMdio Module Operational Overview Writing Data To a PHY Register Initializing the Mdio ModuleReading Data From a PHY Register Example of Mdio Register Access Code Example 3. Mdio Register Access MacrosEmac Module Emac Module ComponentsReceive DMA Engine Receive FifoClock and Reset Logic Transmit DMA EngineTransmit Fifo MAC TransmitterMedia Independent Interface MII Data ReceptionReceive Control Receive Inter-Frame IntervalCollision-Based Receive Buffer Flow Control Ieee 802.3x-Based Receive Buffer Flow ControlTransmit Control CRC InsertionAdaptive Performance Optimization APO Interpacket-Gap IPG EnforcementTransmit Flow Control Speed, Duplex, and Pause Frame SupportReceive DMA Host Configuration Packet Receive OperationReceive Channel Enabling Receive Address MatchingHost Free Buffer Tracking Hardware Receive QOS SupportReceive Channel Teardown Promiscuous Receive Mode Receive Frame ClassificationReceive Frame Treatment Summary Receive Frame TreatmentMiddle of Frame Overrun Treatment Receive OverrunMiddle of Frame Overrun Treatment Transmit DMA Host Configuration Packet Transmit OperationReceive and Transmit Latency Transmit Channel TeardownSoftware Reset Considerations Reset ConsiderationsTransfer Node Priority Hardware Reset Considerations InitializationEnabling the EMAC/MDIO Peripheral Emac Control Module InitializationMdio Module Initialization Example 4. Emac Control Module Initialization CodeExample 5. Mdio Module Initialization Code Emac Module Initialization Interrupt Support Emac Module Interrupt Events and RequestsTransmit Packet Completion Interrupts Receive Packet Completion InterruptsHost Error Interrupt Statistics InterruptUser Access Completion Interrupt Mdio Module Interrupt Events and RequestsLink Change Interrupt Proper Interrupt ProcessingEmulation Considerations Power ManagementEmulation Control Emac Control Module Interrupt Control Register Ewctl Emac Control Module RegistersAcronym Register Description Bit FieldEmac Control Module Interrupt Timer Count Register Ewinttcnt Management Data Input/Output Mdio Registers Mdio Version Register VersionMdio Version Register Version Field Descriptions Mdio Control Register Control Mdio Control Register Control Field DescriptionsPHY Acknowledge Status Register Alive PHY Link Status Register LinkPHY Acknowledge Status Register Alive Field Descriptions PHY Link Status Register Link Field DescriptionsNo Mdio link change event Will clear the event and writing a 0 has no effect No Mdio user command complete event USERINTMASKED0 and USERINTMASKED1 correspond to USERACCESS0 WS-0 Userintmaskclear Mdio User Access Register 0 USERACCESS0 Mdio User Access Register 0 USERACCESS0 Field DescriptionsMdio User PHY Select Register 0 USERPHYSEL0 Linksel LinkintenbPhyadrmon Bit Field Value DescriptionMdio User Access Register 1 USERACCESS1 Mdio User Access Register 1 USERACCESS1 Field DescriptionsMdio User PHY Select Register 1 USERPHYSEL1 Mdio User PHY Select Register 1 USERPHYSEL1Ethernet Media Access Controller Emac Registers Ethernet Media Access Controller Emac Registers Offset Acronym Register DescriptionOffset Acronym Register Description Network Statistics RegistersTransmit Control Register Txcontrol Transmit Identification and Version Register TxidverTransmit Control Register Txcontrol Field Descriptions Transmit Teardown Register Txteardown Field Descriptions Transmit Teardown Register TxteardownTxtdnch Receive Control Register Rxcontrol Receive Identification and Version Register RxidverReceive Control Register Rxcontrol Field Descriptions Receive Teardown Register Rxteardown Field Descriptions Receive Teardown Register RxteardownRxtdnch Transmit Interrupt Status Unmasked Register Txintstatraw TX7PENDTransmit Interrupt Status Masked Register Txintstatmasked Transmit Interrupt Status Masked Register TxintstatmaskedTransmit Interrupt Mask Set Register Txintmaskset TX7MASKTransmit Interrupt Mask Clear Register Txintmaskclear Transmit Interrupt Mask Clear Register TxintmaskclearMAC Input Vector Register Macinvector MAC Input Vector Register Macinvector Field DescriptionsUserint Linkint Hostpend Statpend Rxpend TxpendReceive Interrupt Status Unmasked Register Rxintstatraw RX7PENDReceive Interrupt Status Masked Register Rxintstatmasked Receive Interrupt Status Masked Register RxintstatmaskedReceive Interrupt Mask Set Register Rxintmaskset RX7MASKReceive Interrupt Mask Clear Register Rxintmaskclear Receive Interrupt Mask Clear Register RxintmaskclearMAC Interrupt Status Masked Register Macintstatmasked MAC Interrupt Status Unmasked Register MacintstatrawHostpend Statpend MAC Interrupt Mask Set Register Macintmaskset MAC Interrupt Mask Clear Register MacintmaskclearHostmask Statmask HostmaskRxpasscrc Rxqosen Rxnochain RxcmfenRxcsfen Rxcefen Rxcafen RxpromchFrames containing errors are filtered Receive multicast channel select Receive Unicast Enable Set Register Rxunicastset RXCH7ENReceive Unicast Clear Register Rxunicastclear Receive Unicast Clear Register RxunicastclearReceive Buffer Offset Register Rxbufferoffset Receive Maximum Length Register RxmaxlenReceive Maximum Length Register Rxmaxlen Field Descriptions Rxfilterthresh Reserved RX nFLOWTHRESH FFhReceive Channel 0-7 Free Buffer Count Register RXnFREEBUFFER MAC Control Register Maccontrol MAC Control Register Maccontrol Field DescriptionsSent. Full-duplex mode no outgoing pause frames are sent LoopbackMAC Status Register Macstatus MAC Status Register Macstatus Field DescriptionsMAC Status Register Macstatus Field Descriptions Bit Field Value DescriptionEmulation Control Register Emcontrol Fifo Control Register FifocontrolEmulation Control Register Emcontrol Field Descriptions Fifo Control Register Fifocontrol Field DescriptionsMAC Configuration Register Macconfig Soft Reset Register SoftresetMAC Configuration Register Macconfig Field Descriptions Soft Reset Register Softreset Field DescriptionsMAC Source Address Low Bytes Register Macsrcaddrlo MAC Source Address High Bytes Register MacsrcaddrhiMAC Hash Address Register 1 MACHASH1 MAC Hash Address Register 2 MACHASH2MAC Hash Address Register 1 MACHASH1 Field Descriptions MAC Hash Address Register 2 MACHASH2 Field DescriptionsTransmit Pacing Algorithm Test Register Tpacetest Back Off Test Register BofftestBack Off Test Register Bofftest Field Descriptions Receive Pause Timer Register Rxpause Transmit Pause Timer Register TxpauseReceive Pause Timer Register Rxpause Field Descriptions Transmit Pause Timer Register Txpause Field DescriptionsMAC Address High Bytes Register Macaddrhi MAC Address Low Bytes Register MacaddrloMAC Address Low Bytes Register Macaddrlo Field Descriptions MAC Index Register Macindex Field Descriptions MAC Index Register MacindexMacindex TX nHDP Transmit Channel 0-7 Completion Pointer Register TXnCP Receive Channel 0-7 Completion Pointer Register RXnCPNetwork Statistics Registers Good Receive Frames Register RxgoodframesBroadcast Receive Frames Register Rxbcastframes Multicast Receive Frames Register RxmcastframesReceive CRC Errors Register Rxcrcerrors Receive Alignment/Code Errors Register RxaligncodeerrorsPause Receive Frames Register Rxpauseframes Receive Oversized Frames Register RxoversizedReceive Jabber Frames Register Rxjabber Receive Undersized Frames Register RxundersizedReceive Frame Fragments Register Rxfragments Filtered Receive Frames Register RxfilteredReceive Octet Frames Register Rxoctets Receive QOS Filtered Frames Register RxqosfilteredGood Transmit Frames Register Txgoodframes Broadcast Transmit Frames Register Txbcastframes Multicast Transmit Frames Register TxmcastframesPause Transmit Frames Register Txpauseframes Deferred Transmit Frames Register TxdeferredTransmit Underrun Error Register Txunderrun Transmit Single Collision Frames Register TxsinglecollTransmit Multiple Collision Frames Register Txmulticoll Transmit Late Collision Frames Register TxlatecollTransmit Octet Frames Register Txoctets Transmit Carrier Sense Errors Register TxcarriersenseTransmit and Receive 64 Octet Frames Register FRAME64 Network Octet Frames Register Netoctets Receive DMA Overruns Register Rxdmaoverruns Appendix a Glossary Table A-1. Physical Layer Definitions Term DefinitionTable B-1. Document Revision History Reference Additions/Modifications/DeletionsProducts Applications DSP
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