Liebert 30-130kVA manual General Component Description, UPS Module, Battery System

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Theory of Operation

2.0THEORY OF OPERATION

2.1General Component Description

The UPS system includes all of the equipment necessary to continuously provide computer- grade AC power to a critical load, even when there is an interruption of the utility line power. It consists of the UPS modules and a back-up battery plant. Refer to Figure 2.

2.1.1UPS Module

The UPS module consists of system controls, a rectifier/charger, an inverter, protective devices, and other accessories.

System Controls: The system control logic automatically manages critical bus operation and monitors performance of the UPS module. Microprocessor technology and dedicated firmware provide advanced logic control and a comprehensive display of information. The UPS module status is displayed locally. Optional ports permit communicating with external devices.

Rectifier/Charger: The rectifier/charger converts utility power from AC to DC to charge the battery and provide the DC input to the inverter. Its design limits reflected harmonic current distortion to source power and provides low-ripple DC power for charging batteries.

Inverter: The inverter converts DC power into the precise AC power required to supply a sensitive critical load. The inverter converts DC power into a pulse-width-modulated (PWM) that is easily fil- tered into a clean sine wave output. The PWM also minimizes the harmonic voltage distortion caused by typical switching power supplies and other nonlinear load components used in computers and related electronics.

Static Bypass Switch: The static (solid-state) bypass switch immediately transfers the load from the inverter to the bypass AC power source in the event of a severe overload on the system or a failure within the UPS. This transfer takes place without any interruption of the power supplied to the load. The system includes redundant circuits to detect and isolate shorted SCRs in the static switch.

Bypass Circuit: The bypass circuit consists of switches and associated synchronizing and control cir- cuitry to transfer the load to/from the bypass source.

2.1.2Battery System

The battery is used as the alternate source of power to supply DC power to the inverter if the AC sup- ply voltage is outside the acceptable range. The battery supplies power to the inverter until the utility power is restored or until an alternate power source is available. If AC source power is not restored or an alternate power source is not available, the battery can be sized to provide power long enough for an orderly shutdown of the load.

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Contents Npower UPS Page Table of Contents Maintenance Communication InterfacesFigures Page Tables Page Important Safety Instructions Overview of Manual System Description Safety Precautions Factory Backup and Service AssistanceReliability VersatilityInput Power Failure Modes Of OperationNormal Load On UPS RechargeCHG Mimic DisplaySYS. Status Operator Controls OptionsGeneral Component Description Battery SystemUPS Module Controls Hardware Detailed Component DescriptionsFirmware Input Power Factor Battery Charging CircuitRectifier/Charger OperationBattery Disconnect Battery Charge Current LimitingBattery Equalize Charge Circuit Operation After End-of-dischargeNonlinear Load Characteristics Unbalanced Load CharacteristicsStatic Bypass Switch Static Switch Backfeed ProtectionTransfer and Retransfer Conditions Operation Operation Operator Control Panel Navigation ButtonsRotary Switch Rotary switchConfiguration User SettingsSecurity Access and Passwords Prev Cancel Save & ExitDisplay Screens and Procedures Menu TreePrimary Screens Secondary ScreensMain Menu Screen Mimic Display ScreenFaults Faults / AlarmsRect DischgMimic Display SYS. StatusDC BUS / Battery Status Input StatusFreq Temps DEG C Inlet AIR Outlet AIR Heat SinksBypass Input Status Freq .9 HZ 213 214 Phase DiffOutput Load Status Active Faults and Alarms Faults and AlarmsUser Shutdown EXI TSystem Ratings NextSecond Scenario Manual StartupAuto Startup Input Modify Current Limit Target and Ramp Values Modify DC BUS SET Point Target and Ramp ValuesServ Skip AbortSIB External Maintenance Bypass External maintenance bypass switch, dual-input UPSExternal maintenance bypass switch, single-input UPS Multiple Battery Cabinets External Maintenance Bypass Switch ConfigurationsUser Shutdown ShutdownStatus Reports System StatusHistory LOG Clear History Logs Clear Event LOG Status ReportsTotal Event LOGEvent Log History LOG 02 / 10OUT-V IN-V Load Freq OutputSBS Line Trap SBS Load Input of / UFConfiguration Screens ExitDC BUS Volts Input FrequencyOutput Frequency PrevSystem Settings Cancel Save & ExitSystem Settings Current DateNext PREV. Cancel Save & Exit Current TimeOrder Number TimeEnter Password Single / Dual InputDual Output Transformer Bypass WIND. no10% Passive Filter Settings OptionsActive Filter LBS Generator Auto Restart OptionsPulse Rectifier Battery GND Fault Green Machine Alternate Power Pole FAN noLine Drop Compensation Prev ExitAuto Dial Communication OptionsNext Exit Pager Support Configuration Pager Enabled Pager Number Pager PINModem Health Check Auto Dial YES Auto Dial OUT PagerPREV. Cancel Next PREV. Cancel Factory Settings 10 % Passive Filter SettingsNext Cancel Alarm Mask LatchingDial FreezeAlarm / Fault Name Alarm / Fault Name Battery Fuse FailAlarm / Fault Name F E Save & Exit CancelCustomer Alarm Interface Auto DialProgrammable Output Relay Board # Customer Alarm InterfaceRemote LED Board # STD SET User Defined Relay AssignmentsSTD SET Prog Relay # UP Down ADD Remove Clear ExitNavigating Protocol Manual TransferBattery Management Battery TestAuto Test Battery Cycle Battery DurationBattery Equalizer MIN MAX WeeksEnabled Disabled AutoManual Stop StartBattery Temp Compensation Charge TemperatureBattery Temperature Compensation Charge Equalize Time PeriodBattery Temp Compensation Battery Cycle MonitorSummary Clear BCM Battery Cycle MonitorClear Summary YES / no Summary Seconds Discharge CyclesTime Down Battery Time Low Warning BATT. EOD Lower SET Point BATT. EOD Upper SET PointBATT. Time LOW Warning Battery SupplementAuto Restart Alarm Notifications Auto Restart Trigger ConditionSystem Status System Status MonitoringSystem Status Sign OFF Date 10/30/01Next Prev Save & Exit Sign OFF Date 10/30/02Accumulated Backup Hours Accumulated Operating Hours on UPSAccumulated Operating Hours on Bypass Accumulated # of Brown OutsFaults, Alarms, Status FaultsAlarm / Fault Name F E Delay On Battery Input Contact #1UP Down Description L Latching...D DialSummary Alarm Messages Alarms, functions, and corrective actionsContact Liebert Global Service to check Excess load from the UPS and attempt to EPO Maximum heat sink temperature limit This is a summary event based on Battery is discharging. This occurs RMS input current has reached Output kVA or kW or RMS current has With the load on UPS, PhaseB output KVA Condition only causes an alarm, but should Push-button switch located on See 3.3.7 Battery Management All of the alarms before attempting to Communication Interfaces StatusWorldwide Reporting 1 RS-232 Port Local Reporting TerminalAuto-Dial Requesting Information Dial Out PagerRemote Alarm Status Panel SiteScanLoad on Bypass Setting Up External Communication DevicesOK to Transfer Input Power Failure Load on Battery Momentary OverloadsAutomatic Operations OverloadsAutomatic Transfers to Bypass Automatic Re-transfers to UPSAutomatic Module Off Line Maintenance Routine Maintenance Battery MaintenanceRecord Log Air FiltersBattery Safety Precautions Battery voltage record Torque RequirementsReporting a Problem Detecting TroubleCorrective Actions Recommended Test EquipmentMaintenance 101 Maintenance 102 Page Ne t
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