Tektronix TDS430A, TDS510A, TDS520C, TDS540C, TDS620B, TDS644B, TDS680B, TDS684B, TDS724C, TDS754C, TDS784C, TDS420A, TDS460A TRIGger:MAIn:COMMunication:STANdard

Command Descriptions

2–280 TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual

CH<x> specifies one of the input channels.

TRIGGER:MAIN:COMMUNICATION:SOURCE CH2

selects Channel 2 as the source for the main communication trigger.

TRIGger:MAIn:COMMunication:STANdard

TDS 500C & 700C Only

Sets or queries the communication trigger standard which identifies the code and

bit rate.

Trigger

TRIGger:MAIn:COMMunication:STANdard { DS1 | DS1A | DS1C | DS2 |

DS3 | DS4NA | E1 | E2 | E3 | E4 | E5 | STS1 | STS3 | OC1 | OC3 |

OC12 | STM1E | FC133 | FC266 | FC531 | FC1063 | FDDI | D1 | D2 |

CUSTom }

TRIGger:MAIn:COMMunication:STANdard?

Arguments

Examples

Group

Syntax

Contents

Main Page WARRANTY TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual i Table of Contents Getting Started Syntax and Commands Status and Events Page List of Figures List of Tables Page Preface Related Manuals Default Model Model References Getting Started Overview of the Manual Syntax and Commands Status and Events Programming Examples Setting Up Remote Communications GPIB Requirements Setting the GPIB Parameters Page Command Syntax Command and Query Structure SAVe:WAVEform CH1,REF3 Commands Queries Headers in Query Responses Clearing the TDS Family Oscilloscope Command Entry Concatenating Commands Abbreviating Commands Page Constructed Mnemonics Message Terminators Application Menu Mnemonics Cursor Position Mnemonics Page Argument Types Numeric Arguments Quoted String Arguments Block Arguments Syntax Diagrams Page Command Groups Acquisition Commands Alias Commands Application Menu Commands Calibration and Diagnostic Commands Cursor Commands 216 TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual Table 28: Cursor Commands (Cont.) Display Commands TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual 217 Table 29: Display Commands (Cont.) File System Commands Hardcopy Commands Histogram Commands Horizontal Commands TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual 221 Table 213: Horizontal Commands (Cont.) Limit Test Commands Mask Commands Measurement Commands TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual 225 Table 216: Measurement Commands (Cont.) Miscellaneous Commands RS-232 Commands Save and Recall Commands Status and Error Commands Trigger Commands 230 TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual Table 221: Trigger Commands TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual 231 232 TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual 233 234 TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual 235 Page Vertical Commands Waveform Commands Waveform Data Formats Waveform Data/Record Lengths Waveform Data Locations and Memory Allocation Page Page Page TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual 243 Table 224: Waveform Commands data that is transferred with the CURVe command 244 TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual Table 224: Waveform Commands (Cont.) Zoom Commands Command Descriptions ACQuire? (Query Only) ACQuire:AUTOSAve ACQuire:MODe Page ACQuire:NUMACq? (Query Only) ACQuire:NUMAVg ACQuire:NUMEnv ACQuire:REPEt TDS 400A, 510A, 500C, & 700C Only ACQuire:STATE ACQuire:STOPAfter ALIas ALIas:CATalog? (Query Only) ALIas:DEFIne ALIas:DELEte (No Query Form) ALIas:DELEte:ALL (No Query Form) ALIas:DELEte:NAMe (No Query Form) ALIas:STATE ALLEv? (Query Only) ALLOcate? (Query Only) ALLOcate:WAVEform? (Query Only) ALLOcate:WAVEform:FREE? (Query Only) ALLOcate:WAVEform:REF<x> APPMenu APPMenu:LABel APPMenu:LABel:BOTTOM<x> APPMenu:LABel:RIGHT<x> APPMenu:TITLe AUTOSet (No Query Form) BELl (No Query Form) BUSY? (Query Only) *CAL? (Query Only) CH<x>? (Query Only) CH<x>:BANdwidth CH<x>:COUPling CH<x>:DESKew CH<x>:IMPedance CH<x>:OFFSet CH<x>:POSition CH<x>:PROBE? (Query Only) CH<x>:PROBECal? (Query Only) CH<x>:PROBEFunc:EXTAtten: CH<x>:PROBEFunc:EXTDBatten: CH<x>:SCAle CH<x>:VOLts CLEARMenu (No Query Form) *CLS (No Query Form) CURSor? (Query Only) CURSor:FUNCtion CURSor:HBArs? (Query Only) CURSor:HBArs:DELTa? (Query Only) CURSor:HBArs:POSITION<x> CURSor:HBArs:POSITION<x>Pcnt CURSor:HBArs:SELect CURSor:HBArs:UNITS CURSor:MODe CURSor:PAIred CURSor:PAIred:HDELTA (Query Only) CURSor:PAIred:HPOS1 (Query Only) CURSor:PAIred:HPOS2 (Query Only) CURSor:PAIred:POSITION<x> CURSor:PAIred:POSITION<x>Pcnt TDS 400A Only CURSor:PAIred:SELect CURSor:PAIred:UNITS CURSor:PAIred:VDELTA (Query Only) CURSor:VBArs CURSor:VBArs:DELTa? (Query Only) CURSor:VBArs:POSITION<x> CURSor:VBArs:POSITION<x>Pcnt CURSor:VBArs:SELect CURSor:VBArs:UNITS CURSor:VBArs:UNITSTring? (Query Only) TDS 400A Only CURVe DATa Page DATa:DESTination DATa:ENCdg Page DATa:SOUrce DATa:STARt DATa:STOP DATa:TARget DATa:WIDth DATE *DDT DELEte:SETUp (No Query Form) DELEte:WAVEform (No Query Form) DESE DIAg:RESUlt:FLAg? (Query Only) DIAg:RESUlt:LOG? (Query Only) DIAg:SELect:ACQUISition (No Query Form) DIAg:SELect:ALL (No Query Form) DIAg:SELect:CPU (No Query Form) DIAg:SELect:DISplay (No Query Form) DIAg:SELect:FPAnel (No Query Form) DIAg:STATE (No Query Form) DISplay? (Query Only) DISplay:CLOCk DISplay:COLOr:CONTRast DISplay:COLOr:MAP:<item name>: BYCONTents DISplay:COLOr:MAP:<item name>: TO DISplay:COLOr:PALEtte:PERSistence DISplay:COLOr:PALEtte:REGular DISplay:COLOr:PALEtte:RESETALL (No Query Form) DISplay:COLOr:PALEtte:<palette name>:RESET (No Query Form) DISplay:COLOr:PALEtte:<palette name>:<item name> Page DISplay:FILTer DISplay:FORMat DISplay:GRAticule DISplay:INStavu:PERSistence DISplay:INStavu:STYle DISplay:INStavu:VARpersist DISplay:INTENSITy? (Query Only) DISplay:INTENSITy:CONTRast DISplay:INTENSITy:OVERAll DISplay:INTENSITy:TEXt DISplay:INTENSITy:WAVEform DISplay:MODe DISplay:PERSistence DISplay:STYle DISplay:TRIGBar DISplay:TRIGT *ESE *ESR? (Query Only) EVENT? (Query Only) EVMsg? (Query Only) EVQty? (Query Only) FACtory (No Query Form) FILESystem:COPy (No query form) FILESystem:CWD FILESystem:DELEte (No query form) FILESystem:DELWarn FILESystem:DIR (Query only) FILESystem:FORMat (No query form) FILESystem:FREESpace (Query only) FILESystem:MKDir (No query form) FILESystem:OVERWrite FILESystem:PRInt (No query form) FILESystem:READFile TDS 500C and 700C Only FILESystem:REName (No query form) FILESystem:RMDir (No query form) FILESystem:WRITEFile TDS 500C and 700C Only HARDCopy HARDCopy:FILEName HARDCopy:FORMat Page Page HARDCopy:LAYout HARDCopy:PALEtte HARDCopy:PORT HDR HEADer HIStogram? (Query Only) HIStogram:BOX HIStogram:BOXPcnt HIStogram:COUNt HIStogram:DISplay HIStogram:MODe HIStogram:SIZe HIStogram:SOUrce HORizontal? (Query Only) HORizontal:ACQDURATION? (Query Only) HORizontal:ACQLENGTH? (Query Only) HORizontal:CLOCk HORizontal:CLOCk:MAXRate HORizontal:DELay? (Query Only) HORizontal:DELay:MODe HORizontal:DELay:SCAle HORizontal:DELay:SECdiv HORizontal:DELay:TIMe HORizontal:DELay:TIMe? (Query Only) HORizontal:DELay:TIMe:RUNSAfter HORizontal:DELay:TIMe:TRIGAfter HORizontal:EXTDACQ HORizontal:FASTframe:COUNt HORizontal:FASTframe:LENgth HORizontal:FASTframe:POSition HORizontal:FASTframe:STATE HORizontal:FITtoscreen HORizontal:MAIn? (Query Only) HORizontal:MAIn:SCAle HORizontal:MAIn:SECdiv HORizontal:MODe HORizontal:POSition HORizontal:RECORDLength HORizontal:RECORDSTART HORizontal:ROLL HORizontal:SCAle HORizontal:SECdiv HORizontal:TRIGger? (Query Only) HORizontal:TRIGger:POSition ID? (Query Only) *IDN? (Query Only) LIMit:BELl LIMit:COMPARE:CH<x> LIMit:COMPARE:MATH<x> LIMit:HARDCopy LIMit:STATE LIMit:TEMPLate (No Query Form) LIMit:TEMPLate:DESTination LIMit:TEMPLate:SOUrce LIMit:TEMPLate:TOLerance:HORizontal LIMit:TEMPLate:TOLerance:VERTical LOCk *LRN? (Query Only) MASK? (Query Only) MASK:AUTOSet:MODe MASK:AUTOSet:OFFSETAdj MASK:COUNt MASK:COUNt:STATE MASK:COUNt:TOTal? (Query Only) MASK:COUNt:WAVEFORMS? (Query Only) MASK:DISplay MASK:FILTer MASK:MASK<n>? (Query Only) MASK:MASK<n> MASK:MASK<n>:COUNt? (Query Only) MASK:MASK<n>:NR_Pt? (Query Only) MASK:MASK<n>:POINTS MASK:MASK<n>:POINTSPcnt MASK:SOUrce MASK:STANdard Page Page Page MASK:TBPosition MATH<x>? (Query Only) MATH<x>:DEFINE MATH<x>:NUMAVg TDS 510A, 500C, 600B, & 700C Only, some models require Option 2F MATH<x>:PROCessing TDS 510A, 500C, 600B, & 700C Only, some models require Option 2F MEASUrement? (Query Only) MEASUrement:CLEARSNapshot MEASUrement:GATing MEASUrement:IMMed? (Query Only) MEASUrement:IMMed:DELay? (Query Only) MEASUrement:IMMed:DELay:DIREction MEASUrement:IMMed:DELay:EDGE1 MEASUrement:IMMed:DELay:EDGE2 MEASUrement:IMMed:SOURCE[1] MEASUrement:IMMed:SOURCE2 MEASUrement:IMMed:TYPe Page Page Page MEASUrement:IMMed:UNITS? (Query Only) MEASUrement:IMMed:VALue? (Query Only) MEASUrement:MEAS<x>? (Query Only) MEASUrement:MEAS<x>:COUNt? (Query Only) MEASUrement:MEAS<x>:DELay? (Query Only) MEASUrement:MEAS<x>:DELay:DIREction MEASUrement:MEAS<x>:DELay:EDGE1 MEASUrement:MEAS<x>:DELay:EDGE2 MEASUrement:MEAS<x>:MAXimum? (Query Only) MEASUrement:MEAS<x>:MEAN? (Query Only) MEASUrement:MEAS<x>:MINImum? (Query Only) MEASUrement:MEAS<x>:SOURCE[1] MEASUrement:MEAS<x>:SOURCE2 MEASUrement:MEAS<x>:STATE MEASUrement:MEAS<x>:STDdev? (Query Only) MEASUrement:MEAS<x>:TYPe Page Page Page MEASUrement:MEAS<x>:UNITS? (Query Only) MEASUrement:MEAS<x>:VALue? (Query Only) MEASUrement:METHod MEASUrement:REFLevel? (Query Only) MEASUrement:REFLevel:ABSolute:HIGH MEASUrement:REFLevel:ABSolute:LOW MEASUrement:REFLevel:ABSolute:MID MEASUrement:REFLevel:ABSolute:MID2 MEASUrement:REFLevel:METHod MEASUrement:REFLevel:PERCent:HIGH MEASUrement:REFLevel:PERCent:LOW MEASUrement:REFLevel:PERCent:MID MEASUrement:REFLevel:PERCent:MID2 MEASUrement:SNAPShot MEASUrement:STATIstics:MODE MEASUrement:STATIstics:WEIghting MESSage MESSage:BOX MESSage:SHOW MESSage:STATE NEWpass (No Query Form) *OPC *OPT? (Query Only) PASSWord (No Query Form) *PSC *PUD *RCL (No Query Form) RECAll:ACQDATA (No Query Form) RECAll:SETUp (No Query Form) RECAll:WAVEform (No Query Form) REM (No Query Form) *RST (No Query Form) RS232:BAUd RS232:HARDFlagging RS-232/Centronics Hardcopy Interface Only RS232:PARity RS232:SOFTFlagging RS232:STOPBits RS232? (Query Only) *SAV (No Query Form) SAVe:ACQDATA (No Query Form) SAVe:SETUp (No Query Form) SAVe:WAVEform (No Query Form) SAVe:WAVEform:FILEFormat Page SELect? (Query Only) SELect:<wfm> SELect:CONTROl SET? (Query Only) *SRE *STB? (Query Only) TEKSecure TIMe TRIGger TRIGger:DELay TRIGger:DELay:BY TRIGger:DELay:EDGE? (Query Only) TRIGger:DELay:EDGE:COUPling TRIGger:DELay:EDGE:SLOpe TRIGger:DELay:EDGE:SOUrce TRIGger:DELay:EVENTS? (Query Only) TRIGger:DELay:EVENTS:COUNt TRIGger:DELay:LEVel TRIGger:DELay:TIMe TRIGger:DELay:TYPe TRIGger:MAIn TRIGger:MAIn:COMMunication:AMI:PULSEForm TRIGger:MAIn:COMMunication:AMI:THReshold:HIGH TRIGger:MAIn:COMMunication:AMI:THReshold:LOW TRIGger:MAIn:COMMunication:BITRate TRIGger:MAIn:COMMunication:CMI:PULSEForm TRIGger:MAIn:COMMunication:CODe TRIGger:MAIn:COMMunication:NRZ:PULSEForm Page TRIGger:MAIn:COMMunication:SOUrce TRIGger:MAIn:COMMunication:STANdard Page TRIGger:MAIn:EDGE? (Query Only) TRIGger:MAIn:EDGE:COUPling TRIGger:MAIn:EDGE:SLOpe TRIGger:MAIn:EDGE:SOUrce TRIGger:MAIn:HOLDOff? (Query Only) TRIGger:MAIn:HOLDOff:ACTUal? (Query Only) TRIGger:MAIn:HOLDOff:BY TRIGger:MAIn:HOLDOff:TIMe TRIGger:MAIn:HOLDOff:VALue TRIGger:MAIn:LEVel TRIGger:MAIn:LOGIc? (Query Only) TRIGger:MAIn:LOGIc:CLAss TRIGger:MAIn:LOGIc:FUNCtion TRIGger:MAIn:LOGIc:INPut? (Query Only) TRIGger:MAIn:LOGIc:INPut:CH<x> TRIGger:MAIn:LOGIc:PATtern:INPut:CH4 TRIGger:MAIn:LOGIc:PATtern:WHEn TRIGger:MAIn:LOGIc:PATtern:WHEn:LESSLimit TRIGger:MAIn:LOGIc:PATtern:WHEn:MORELimit TRIGger:MAIn:LOGIc:SETHold:CLOCk:EDGE TRIGger:MAIn:LOGIc:SETHold:CLOCk:LEVel TRIGger:MAIn:LOGIc:SETHold:CLOCk:SOUrce TRIGger:MAIn:LOGIc:SETHold:DATa:LEVel TRIGger:MAIn:LOGIc:SETHold:DATa:SOUrce TRIGger:MAIn:LOGIc:SETHold:HOLDTime TRIGger:MAIn:LOGIc:SETHold:SETTime TRIGger:MAIn:LOGIc:STATE:INPut:CH4 TRIGger:MAIn:LOGIc:STATE:WHEn TRIGger:MAIn:LOGIc:THReshold? (Query Only) TRIGger:MAIn:LOGIc:THReshold:CH<x> TRIGger:MAIn:LOGIc:WHEn TRIGger:MAIn:MODe TRIGger:MAIn:PULse? (Query Only) TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:CLAss TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:GLItch? (Query Only) TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:GLItch:FILTer TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:GLItch:POLarity TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:GLItch:WIDth TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:RUNT? (Query Only) TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:RUNT:POLarity TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:RUNT:THReshold? (Query Only) TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:RUNT:THReshold:BOTh TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:RUNT:THReshold:HIGH TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:RUNT:THReshold:LOW TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:RUNT:WHEn TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:RUNT:WIDth TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:SLEWRate:DELTATime TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:SLEWRate:POLarity TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:SLEWRate:SLEWRate? (Query Only) TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:SLEWRate:THReshold:BOTh TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:SLEWRate:THReshold:HIGH TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:SLEWRate:THReshold:LOW TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:SLEWRate:WHEn TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:SOUrce TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:TIMEOut:POLarity TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:TIMEOut:TIMe TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:WIDth? (Query Only) TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:WIDth:HIGHLimit TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:WIDth:LOWLimit TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:WIDth:POLarity TRIGger:MAIn:PULse:WIDth:WHEn TDS 510A, 500C, 600B, & 700C Only TRIGger:MAIn:TYPe Page TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo? (Query Only) TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:BY Page TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:FIELD TDS 510A, 500C, 600B, & 700C Option 05 Only TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:FIELDType TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:FLEXformat? (Query Only) TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:FLEXformat:FIELDRATE TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:FLEXformat:FIELDS TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:FLEXformat:LINES TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:FLEXformat:NEGSyncwidth TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:FLEXformat:V1STArttime TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:FLEXformat:V1STOptime TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:FLEXformat:V2STArttime TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:FLEXformat:V2STOptime TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:HDTv TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:HOLdoff? (Query Only) TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:HOLdoff:VALue TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:INTERLAce TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:LINE Option 05 Only TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:LINES TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:NTSc TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:PAL TDS 510A, 500C, 600B, & 700C Option 05 Only TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:SCAN TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:SCANPeriod TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:SOUrce TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:STANdard TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:SYNc TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:SYStem TRIGger:MAIn:VIDeo:TIMe TRIGger:STATE? (Query Only) *TRG (No Query Form) *TST? (Query Only) UNLock (No Query Form) VERBose *WAI (No Query Form) WAVFrm? (Query Only) WFMPre? (Query Only) WFMPre:BIT_Nr WFMPre:BN_Fmt WFMPre:BYT_Nr WFMPre:BYT_Or WFMPre:ENCdg WFMPre:PT_Fmt (No Query Form) WFMPre:PT_Off (No Query Form) WFMPre:XINcr (No Query Form) WFMPre:YMUlt (No Query Form) WFMPre:YOFf (No Query Form) WFMPre:YZEro (No Query Form) WFMPre:<wfm>? (Query Only) WFMPre:<wfm>:NR_Pt WFMPre:<wfm>:PT_Fmt WFMPre:<wfm>:PT_Off WFMPre:<wfm>:WFId WFMPre:<wfm>:XINcr WFMPre:<wfm>:XUNit WFMPre:<wfm>:XZEro WFMPre:<wfm>:YMUlt WFMPre:<wfm>:YOFf WFMPre:<wfm>:YUNit WFMPre:<wfm>:YZEro ZOOm ZOOm:DUAl ZOOm:DUAl:OFFSet ZOOm:GRAticule ZOOm:HORizontal:LOCk ZOOm:HORizontal:POSition ZOOm:HORizontal:SCAle ZOOm:STATE ZOOm:VERTical:POSition ZOOm:VERTical:SCAle Status and Events Registers Status Registers Page Enable Registers The Enable Registers and the *PSC Command Queues The Output Queue The Event Queue 36 TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual Event Handling Sequence Synchronization Methods Using the *WAI Command Using the BUSY Query Using the *OPC Command Page Using the *OPC? Query Messages TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual 313 Table 34: Command Error Messages CME Bit 5 (Cont.) 314 TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual 315 Table 35: Execution Error Messages EXE Bit 4 (Cont.) 316 TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual Table 35: Execution Error Messages EXE Bit 4 (Cont.) Page Page Page Programming Examples or Compiling the Example Programs Compiling and Linking Your Example Quick-C Programs Compiling and Linking Your Example QuickBASIC Programs Page Page Appendix A: Character Charts Appendix A: Character Charts KEY Tek A2 TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual Table A2: ASCII & GPIB Code Chart * Appendix B: Reserved Words Appendix B: Reserved Words B2 TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual Appendix B: Reserved Words TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual B3 Appendix C: Interface Specifications GPIB Function Subsets Interface Messages TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual D1 Appendix D: Factory Initialization Settings D2 TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual D3 D4 TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual D5 D6 TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual Glossary Page TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual Index1 Index Numbers A B C Index2 TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual Index3 D Index4 TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual E F G H TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual Index5 I Index6 TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual L M TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual Index7 Index8 TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual N O P Q R S T Index10 TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual Index11 Index12 TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual Index13 U V W Index14 TDS Family Oscilloscope Programmer Manual Z