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ZyXEL Communications P-2302HW-P1 Series, P-2302HWL-P1 Series 9.1.7.1 SIP ALG, 9.1.7.2 Use NAT, 9.1.7.3 STUN, 9.1.7 NAT and SIP

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P-2302HW/HWL-P1 Series User’s Guide

9.1.7 NAT and SIP

The ZyXEL Device must register its public IP address with a SIP register server. If there is a NAT router between the ZyXEL Device and the SIP register server, the ZyXEL Device probably has a private IP address. The ZyXEL Device lists its IP address in the SIP message that it sends to the SIP register server. NAT does not translate this IP address in the SIP message. The SIP register server gets the ZyXEL Device’s IP address from inside the SIP message and maps it to your SIP identity. If the ZyXEL Device has a private IP address listed in the SIP message, the SIP server cannot map it to your SIP identity. See Chapter 8 on page 131 for more information about NAT.

Use a SIP ALG (Application Layer Gateway), Use NAT, STUN, or outbound proxy to allow the ZyXEL Device to list its public IP address in the SIP messages.

9.1.7.1 SIP ALG

See Section 8.1.3 on page 133.

9.1.7.2 Use NAT

If you know the NAT router’s public IP address and SIP port number, you can use the Use NAT feature to manually configure the ZyXEL Device to use a them in the SIP messages. This eliminates the need for STUN or a SIP ALG.

You must also configure the NAT router to forward traffic with this port number to the ZyXEL Device.

9.1.7.3 STUN

STUN (Simple Traversal of User Datagram Protocol (UDP) through Network Address Translators) allows the ZyXEL Device to find the presence and types of NAT routers and/or firewalls between it and the public Internet. STUN also allows the ZyXEL Device to find the public IP address that NAT assigned, so the ZyXEL Device can embed it in the SIP data stream. STUN does not work with symmetric NAT routers or firewalls. See RFC 3489 for details on STUN.

The following figure shows how STUN works.

1The ZyXEL Device (A) sends SIP packets to the STUN server (B).

2The STUN server (B) finds the public IP address and port number that the NAT router used on the ZyXEL Device’s SIP packets and sends them to the ZyXEL Device.

3The ZyXEL Device uses the public IP address and port number in the SIP packets that it sends to the SIP server (C).

Chapter 9 SIP

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Contents

User’s Guide Page Copyright Disclaimer Trademarks Certifications Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement FCC Radiation Exposure Statement Notices Viewing Certifications Safety Warnings Page ZyXEL Limited Warranty Note Registration Customer Support Required Information Corporate Headquarters (Worldwide) China - ZyXEL Communications (Beijing) Corp China - ZyXEL Communications (Shanghai) Corp Costa Rica Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Hungary India Japan Kazakhstan Malaysia North America Norway Poland Russia Singapore Spain Sweden Taiwan Thailand Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom Table of Contents Status Screens Wireless LAN Page NAT Phone Phone Book PSTN Line VoIP Trunking Static Route Bandwidth MGMT Remote MGMT System Troubleshooting Appendix A Product Specifications Appendix B Appendix C Page List of Figures Page Page Page Page Page List of Tables Page Page Page Preface About This User's Guide Related Documentation User Guide Feedback Syntax Conventions Graphics Icons Key Introducing the ZyXEL Device 1.1.2 VoIP Trunking Gateway 1.1.3 ZyXEL Device’s Router Features Page 1.2 LEDs (Lights) Page Page Introducing the Web Configurator 2.1 Web Configurator Overview 2.2Accessing the Web Configurator Change Password Ignore Options 2.3 Resetting the ZyXEL Device 2.4 Web Configurator Main Screen 2.4.2 Navigation Panel Page 2.4.3 Main Window 2.4.4 Status Bar Page Wizard Setup 3.1 Main Wizard Screen 3.2 Connection Wizard WAN to LAN 3.2.1 Welcome 3.2.2 System Information Next 3.2.3.1 Wireless LAN - General Information 3.2.3.2 Manually Assign a WPA or WPA2 key 3.2.3.3 Manually Assign a WEP key 3.2.3.4 OTIST Screen 3.2.4.1 Ethernet 3.2.4.2 PPPoE Page 3.2.5 Your IP Address 3.2.6 WAN IP Address Assignment 3.2.6.1 Ethernet 3.2.6.2 PPPoE Page 3.2.7 MAC Address 3.3 VoIP Setup Wizard 3.3.1 SIP Settings 3.3.2 Registration Complete Page 3.4 Bandwidth Management Wizard 3.4.1 Welcome 3.4.2 General Information 3.4.3 Services Setup 3.4.4 Priority Setup 3.4.5 Finish Page Status Screens 4.1 Status Screen Page Page Page 4.2 Any IP Table Window 4.3 DHCP Table Window 4.4 VoIP Statistics Window Page 4.5 BW MGMT Monitor Window Page 4.6 Packet Statistics Window Page Page Wireless LAN 5.1 Wireless Network Overview 5.2 Wireless Security Overview 5.2.4 Encryption WPA WPA2 Static WEP WPA- PSK 5.3 Additional Wireless Terms 5.4 General WLAN Screen 5.4.1 No Security No Security 5.4.2 WEP Encryption Screen Network > Wireless LAN Security Mode Page 5.4.3 WPA(2)-PSK Network > Wireless LAN General WPA-PSK WPA2-PSK 5.4.4 WPA(2) Authentication Screen Wireless LAN Network Wireless Page 5.5 OTIST Screen Page 5.6MAC Filter Page 5.7 Wireless LAN Advanced Setup Page WAN 6.1 WAN Overview 6.1.2 WAN IP Address Assignment 6.1.3 MAC Address Factory Default 6.1.4 RIP Setup 6.2WAN Screens Page 6.2.2 WAN Internet Connection Screen (Roadrunner) 6.2.3 WAN Internet Connection Screen (PPPoE) Page 6.2.4 WAN Advanced Screen Network > WAN > Advanced Page 6.2.5 WAN Traffic Redirect Screen Network > WAN > Traffic Redirect Page Page LAN 7.1 LAN Overview 7.1.2 DHCP Setup 7.1.3 LAN TCP/IP 7.1.4 DNS Server Address DHCP Setup Primary 7.1.5 RIP Setup RIP Direction Both In Only Out Only 7.1.7 Any IP Page 7.2 LAN Screens 7.2.3 LAN Static DHCP Screen Network > LAN > DHCP Setup Network > LAN > Static DHCP 7.2.4 LAN Client List Screen Network > LAN > Client List 7.2.5 LAN IP Alias Screen Network > LAN > IP Alias Page 7.2.6 LAN Advanced Screen Network > LAN > Advanced Page Page Page NAT 8.1 NAT Overview 8.1.2.1 Trigger Port Forwarding Example 8.1.2.2Two Points To Remember About Trigger Ports 8.2 NAT Screens 8.2.2 NAT Port Forwarding Screen Page 8.2.3 NAT Port Forwarding Edit Screen Edit Network > NAT > Port Forwarding 8.2.4 NAT Trigger Port Screen Network > NAT > Trigger Port Page 8.2.5 NAT ALG Screen Network > NAT > ALG SIP 9.1 SIP Overview 9.1.3.1 SIP Number 9.1.3.2 SIP Service Domain 9.1.5.1 SIP User Agent 9.1.5.2 SIP Proxy Server 9.1.5.3 SIP Redirect Server 9.1.5.4 SIP Register Server 9.1.7.1 SIP ALG 9.1.7.2 Use NAT 9.1.7.3 STUN 9.1.7.4 Outbound Proxy 9.1.11.1 Type of Service (ToS) 9.1.11.2 DiffServ 9.1.11.3 DSCP and Per-HopBehavior 9.1.11.4 VLAN 9.2 SIP Screens Page 9.2.2 Advanced SIP Setup Screen Page Primary Compression Type to G.729 DTMF Mode to SIP INFO 9.2.3 SIP QoS Screen VoIP > SIP > QoS Page Page Phone 10.1 Phone Overview 10.1.3.1 The Flash Key 10.1.3.2 Europe Type Supplementary Phone Services Page 10.1.3.3 USA Type Supplementary Services 10.2Phone Screens 10.2.2 Advanced Analog Phone Setup Screen Page 10.2.3 Common Phone Settings Screen VoIP > Phone > Common 10.2.4 Phone Region Screen VoIP > Phone > Region Page Page Phone Book 11.1 Phone Book Overview 11.2 Phone Book Screens Page 11.2.2 Speed Dial Screen VoIP > Phone Book > Speed Dial Page Page Page PSTN Line 12.1 PSTN Line Overview 12.2 PSTN Line General Screen Page VoIP Trunking 13.1 VoIP Trunking Overview 13.2 VoIP Trunking and Security 13.2.2 Peer Call Authentication 13.3 Call Rules 13.4 VoIP Trunking Scenarios 13.5 Trunking General Screen 13.6 Trunking Peer Call Screen Page 13.7 Trunking Call Rule Screen Page 13.8 VoIP Trunking Example: VoIP to PSTN Trunking Peer Call 13.8.3 Configuration Details: Incoming 13.8.4 Call Progression 13.9 VoIP Trunking Example: PSTN to PSTN via VoIP Speed Dial CityB 13.9.3 Configuration Details: Incoming 13.9.4 Call Progression Page Firewall 14.1 Firewall Overview 14.1.4.1 LAN-to-WANrules 14.1.4.2 WAN-to-LANrules 14.2 Triangle Route 14.2.2 Solving the “Triangle Route” Problem 14.3 Firewall Screens 14.3.2 Firewall Services Screen Security > Firewall > Services Page Page Content Filter 15.1 Content Filtering Overview 15.2 Content Filtering Screens Page 15.2.2 Content Filter Schedule Screen Security > Content Filter > Schedule Page Static Route 16.1 Static Route Overview 16.2 Static Route Screens 16.2.2 IP Static Route Edit Screen Edit Page Page Bandwidth MGMT 17.1 Bandwidth Management Overview 17.1.2 Proportional Bandwidth Allocation 17.1.3 Application-basedBandwidth Management 17.1.4 Subnet-basedBandwidth Management 17.1.5 Application- and Subnet-basedBandwidth Management 17.1.7.1 Reserving Bandwidth for Non-BandwidthClass Traffic 17.1.7.2 Maximize Bandwidth Usage Example 17.1.7.3 Priority-basedAllotment of Unused and Unbudgeted Bandwidth 17.1.7.4Fairness-basedAllotment of Unused and Unbudgeted Bandwidth 17.1.8.1 Bandwidth Borrowing Example 17.1.8.2Maximize Bandwidth Usage With Bandwidth Borrowing 17.2 Bandwidth Management Screens Page Page 17.2.2 Bandwidth Class Setup Screen To access this screen, click Management > Bandwidth MGMT > Class Setup 17.2.3 Bandwidth Class Edit Screen 17.2.4 Bandwidth Monitor Screen Management > Bandwidth MGMT > Monitor Page Page Remote MGMT 18.1 Remote Management Overview 18.2 Remote Management Screens 18.2.2 Telnet Screen Management > Remote MGMT > Telnet 18.2.3 FTP Screen Management > Remote MGMT > FTP 18.3 SNMP 18.3.1Supported MIBs 18.3.2 SNMP Traps 18.3.3 Configuring SNMP Advanced > Remote MGMT SNMP Management > Remote MGMT > SNMP Page 18.3.4 DNS Screen Management > Remote MGMT > DNS 18.3.5 Security Screen Management > Remote MGMT > Security Page Page UPnP 19.1 Introducing Universal Plug and Play 19.2 UPnP and ZyXEL 19.3 UPnP Examples 19.3.1.1 Installing UPnP in Windows Me Communications Universal Plug and Play Add/Remove Programs Properties 19.3.1.2 Installing UPnP in Windows XP 19.3.2.1Auto-discoverYour UPnP-enabledNetwork Device Page Page Page 19.3.2.2 Web Configurator Easy Access Local Network Invoke Page 19.4 UPnP General Screen Page Page System 20.1 System Features Overview 20.1.4Dynamic DNS 20.1.5 Pre-definedNTP Time Servers List 20.2System Screens Page 20.2.2 Dynamic DNS Screen Maintenance > System > Dynamic DNS 20.2.3 Time Setting Screen Maintenance > System > Time Setting Page Page Logs 21.1 Logs Overview 21.2 Logs Screens 21.2.2 Log Settings Screen To access this screen, click Maintenance > Logs > Log Settings Page Page 21.3 Log Message Descriptions Page Table 115 ICMP Logs Table 116 PPP Logs Table 117 UPnP Logs Page Table 121 ICMP Notes Page Table 122 SIP Logs Table 123 RTP Logs Page Tools 22.1 Tools Overview 22.2 Tools Screens 22.2.2 Firmware Upload Screens Firmware Upload in Process Return 22.2.3 Configuration Screen Maintenance > Tools > Configuration 22.2.4 Restore Configuration Screens 22.2.5 Restart Screen Maintenance > Tools > Restart Restart Troubleshooting 23.1 Problems Starting Up the ZyXEL Device 23.2 Problems with the LAN 23.3 Problems with the WAN 23.4 Problems Accessing the ZyXEL Device 23.4.1.1 Internet Explorer Pop-upBlockers Tools Pop-up Blocker Turn Off Privacy 2Select Settings…to open the Pop-upBlocker Settings screen Allowed sites 23.4.1.2JavaScripts Custom Level Scripting Active scripting Scripting of Java applets 23.4.1.3 Java Permissions 23.5 Telephone Problems 23.6 Problems With Multiple SIP Accounts 23.6.2 Incoming Calls Page Product Specifications Specification Tables Page Page Power Adaptor Specifications Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address Windows 95/98/Me Installing Components Microsoft manufacturers TCP/IP Client Configuring Obtain an IP address automatically Specify an IP address Subnet Mask Disable DNS Windows 2000/NT/XP 3Right-click Local Area Connection and then click Properties Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) •Click Advanced IP Settings TCP/IP Address IP address Subnet mask Use the following DNS server addresses Preferred DNS server Alternate DNS server Macintosh OS Automatic Location •Select Built-inEthernet from the Show list Using DHCP Configure Linux Automatically obtain IP address settings with dhcp Statically set IP Addresses Address Default Gateway Address Using Configuration Files Page IP Addresses and Subnetting Introduction to IP Addresses IP Address Classes and Network ID Subnet Masks Subnetting Example: Two Subnets Example: Four Subnets Example Eight Subnets Subnetting With Class A and Class B Networks Page SIP Passthrough Enabling/Disabling the SIP ALG Signaling Session Timeout Audio Session Timeout Page Internal SPTGEN Internal SPTGEN Overview The Configuration Text File Format Internal SPTGEN FTP Download Example Internal SPTGEN FTP Upload Example Example Internal SPTGEN Menus Page Page Page Page Table 154 Menu Page Page Page Page Page Page Command Examples Services Page Page Page Index