Intel 80L186EA, 80L188EA, 80C188EA ICC Versus Frequency and Voltage, Pdtmr PIN Delay Calculation

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80C186EA/80C188EA, 80L186EA/80L188EA

ICC VERSUS FREQUENCY AND VOLTAGE

The current (ICC) consumption of the processor is essentially composed of two components; IPD and ICCS.

IPD is the quiescent current that represents internal device leakage, and is measured with all inputs or floating outputs at GND or VCC (no clock applied to the device). IPD is equal to the Powerdown current and is typically less than 50 mA.

ICCS is the switching current used to charge and discharge parasitic device capacitance when chang- ing logic levels. Since ICCS is typically much greater than IPD, IPD can often be ignored when calculating ICC.

ICCS is related to the voltage and frequency at which the device is operating. It is given by the formula:

Power e V c I e V2 c CDEV c f

... I e ICC e ICCS e V c CDEV c f

PDTMR PIN DELAY CALCULATION

The PDTMR pin provides a delay between the as- sertion of NMI and the enabling of the internal clocks when exiting Powerdown. A delay is required only when using the on-chip oscillator to allow the crystal or resonator circuit time to stabilize.

NOTE:

The PDTMR pin function does not apply when RESIN is asserted (i.e., a device reset during Pow- erdown is similar to a cold reset and RESIN must remain active until after the oscillator has stabi- lized).

To calculate the value of capacitor required to pro- vide a desired delay, use the equation:

440 c t e CPD (5V, 25§C) Where: t e desired delay in seconds

CPD e capacitive load on PDTMR in mi- crofarads

Where: V e Device operating voltage (VCC)

 

EXAMPLE: To get a delay of 300 ms, a capacitor

CDEV e Device capacitance

 

value of C

PD

e 440 c

(300 c 10b6) e 0.132 mF is

f e Device operating frequency

 

required. Round up to standard (available) capaci-

 

tive values.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ICCS e ICC e Device current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NOTE:

Measuring CDEV on a device like the 80C186EA

The above equation applies to delay times greater

would be difficult. Instead, CDEV is calculated using

than 10 ms and will compute the TYPICAL capaci-

the above formula by measuring ICC at a known VCC

tance needed to achieve the desired delay. A delay

and frequency (see Table 11). Using this CDEV val-

variance of a50% or b25% can occur due to

ue, ICC can be calculated at any voltage and fre-

temperature, voltage, and device process ex-

quency within the specified operating range.

 

tremes. In general, higher VCC and/or lower tem-

EXAMPLE: Calculate the typical ICC when operating

perature will decrease delay time, while lower VCC

and/or higher temperature will increase delay time.

at 20 MHz, 4.8V.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ICC e ICCS e 4.8 c 0.515 c 20 & 49 mA

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table 11. CDEV Values

 

 

 

 

 

 

Parameter

 

Typ

Max

 

 

Units

 

Notes

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CDEV (Device in Reset)

 

0.515

0.905

 

mA/V*MHz

 

1, 2

 

 

CDEV (Device in Idle)

 

0.391

0.635

 

mA/V*MHz

 

1, 2

 

1.Max CDEV is calculated at b40§C, all floating outputs driven to VCC or GND, and all outputs loaded to 50 pF (including CLKOUT and OSCOUT).

2.Typical CDEV is calculated at 25§C with all outputs loaded to 50 pF except CLKOUT and OSCOUT, which are not loaded.

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Contents BIT HIGH-INTEGRATION Embedded Processors Contentspage C186EA/80C188EA Block Diagram Introduction 80C186EA Core ArchitectureBus Interface Unit Clock GeneratorTimer/Counter Unit 80C186EA Peripheral ArchitectureInterrupt Control Unit Crystal Connection Clock ConnectionPeripheral Control Block Registers Power Management DMA Control UnitChip-Select Unit Refresh Control UnitDifferences Between the 80C186XL and the 80C186EA Package Information Pin DescriptionsPlcc QFP EiajRWH Clkin OscoutResin ResoutALE/QS0 BHERfsh RD/QSMDWR/QS1 ArdySrdy DENMCS1/ERROR MCS0/PEREQMCS2 MCS3/NCS80C186EA Pinout AD0 AD1 AD2 AD3 AD4 AD5 AD6 AD7Lead Plcc Pinout Diagram Plcc Package Location with Pin NamesQFP Eiaj Pin Names with Package Location Quad Flat Pack Eiaj Pinout Diagram QFP Eiaj Package Location with Pin NamesSqfp Pin Functions with Package Location Sqfp Pin Locations with Pin NamesHlda Hold Srdy Lock TEST/BUSY NMI INT0 INT1/SELECT UCS LCS PCS6/A2 PCS5/A1 PCS4 PCS3 PCS2 PCS1Package Thermal Specifications 400 600 800 1000 CA PlccCA QFP 60.5 CA Sqfp Electrical Specifications Voltage on Other Pins with RespectAbsolute Maximum Ratings Recommended ConnectionsDC Specifications 80C186EA/80C188EA RD/QSMD, UCS, LCS, MCS0/PEREQDC Specifications 80L186EA/80L188EA RD/QSMD, UCS, LCS, MCS0Power e V c I e V2 c Cdev c f ICC e Iccs e V c Cdev c f Pdtmr PIN Delay CalculationAnd/or higher temperature will increase delay time ICC Versus Frequency and VoltageAC Specifications AC Characteristics-80C186EA25/80C186EA20/80C186EA13HOLD, PEREQ, Error Synchronous InputsTEST, NMI, INT30 T10IN, Ardy SRDY, DRQ10AC Characteristics-80L186EA13/80L186EA8 ALE, LockMCS30, LCS, UCS LOCK, RESOUT, Hlda T0OUT, T1OUTTEST, NMI, INT30, T10IN, Ardy AD150 AD70, ARDY, SRDY, DRQ10Relative Timings AC Test Conditions AC Timing WaveformsOutput Delay and Float Waveform Relative Signal Waveform Reset Derating CurvesPowerup Reset Waveforms Warm Reset Waveforms BUS Cycle Waveforms Read, Fetch and Refresh Cycle WaveformWrite Cycle Waveform Halt Cycle Waveform Inta Cycle Waveform HOLD/HLDA Waveform Dram Refresh Cycle During Hold Acknowledge Ready Waveform 80C186EA/80C188EA Execution Timings Instruction SET Summary Data TransferInstruction SET Summary ArithmeticLogic String Manipulation Within seg adding immed to SP 010 DX 010 DL 100 SP101 BP 101 CH 110 SI 110 DH 111 DI 111 BH Revision History Errata

80L186EA, 80L188EA, 80C186EA, 80C188EA specifications

The Intel 80C188EA, 80C186EA, 80L188EA, and 80L186EA microprocessors represent significant developments in the realm of embedded computing during the 1980s. These processors are part of Intel's x86 architecture, designed to cater to a variety of industrial applications, including automotive and telecommunications.

The 80C188EA and 80C186EA are CMOS variants that offer enhanced power efficiency and reduced heat generation compared to their NMOS predecessors. Operating at clock speeds of up to 25 MHz, these processors are known for their performance in real-time applications. The 80C188EA features a 16-bit data bus and a 16-bit address bus, which can support up to 1 MB of addressable memory. It also boasts an extended instruction set for greater computing flexibility, making it suitable for intricate tasks in embedded systems.

Similarly, the 80C186EA is characterized by its 16-bit architecture, but it includes additional on-chip memory management capabilities. This processor can handle 256 KB of memory directly and supports paged memory management, facilitating efficient multitasking and resource sharing in complex applications. Its integrated DMA controller and interrupt controller allow for superior handling of peripheral devices, making it ideal for real-time processing requirements.

On the other hand, the 80L188EA and 80L186EA are low-power variants optimized for battery-operated designs. These microprocessors are tailored for applications where power consumption is critical. The 80L188EA retains the essential features of the 80C188EA but operates at lower voltage levels, thus allowing for longer operational life in portable devices. The 80L186EA similarly benefits from reduced power consumption, taking advantage of its energy-efficient design to enhance durability in industrial automation scenarios.

All four processors leverage Intel's established x86 architecture, enabling a wide range of software compatibility. Their built-in support for real-time interrupt handling and I/O operations provides developers with valuable tools for building reliable embedded systems. Additionally, they feature on-chip oscillators and timers, further streamlining design requirements and reducing the need for external components.

Overall, the Intel 80C188EA, 80C186EA, 80L188EA, and 80L186EA processors are ideal for diverse applications in embedded systems. Their blend of processing power, energy efficiency, and versatility continues to influence the design of modern electronic devices, underscoring Intel's pivotal role in advancing microprocessor technology.
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