How to Create a Reverse DNS Zone | Cisco Systems Dial NMS guide

Task 6—Managing IP Addresses by Using DNS

How to Create a Reverse DNS Zone

How to Create a Reverse DNS Zone

By creating reverse lookup zones for each IP subnet, you gain a robust database that can be used to track assignments within an IP address space. Reverse lookups can determine the allocation status of any address from any DNS client.

Network operators must account for used and unused IP addresses. It is recommended that each IP address be given a DNS PTR Resource Record, even if the address is unused. For example, you can look up and resolve an IP address as “unused-XXX.the.net.”

See the following example to create a zone from a BIND file by entering the zone command:

nrcmd> zone 101.21.172.in-addr.arpa. create primary file=the.net_rev_zone.txt

The following edited BIND definition file is for “the.net_rev_zone.txt.”

@	IN	SOA	onionring.the.net
esupport-austin.the.net. (
		2000071600		; serial number
		3600		; Refresh 1 hours
		1800		; Retry 30 minutes
		86400		; Expire 24 hours
		86400		; TTL 24 hours
		)
;
	IN	NS	onionring.the.net.
;
0	IN	PTR	broadcast-0.the.net.
1	IN	PTR	unused-1.the.net.
2	IN	PTR	unused-2.the.net.
3	IN	PTR	unused-3.the.net.
4	IN	PTR	unused-4.the.net.
5	IN	PTR	unused-5.the.net.
6	IN	PTR	unused-6.the.net.
7	IN	PTR	unused-7.the.net.
8	IN	PTR	unused-8.the.net.
9	IN	PTR	unused-9.the.net.
10	IN	PTR	unused-10.the.net.
11	IN	PTR	unused-11.the.net.
12	IN	PTR	unused-12.the.net.
13	IN	PTR	unused-13.the.net.
14	IN	PTR	unused-14.the.net.
15	IN	PTR	unused-15.the.net.
16	IN	PTR	unused-16.the.net.
17	IN	PTR	unused-17.the.net.
18	IN	PTR	unused-18.the.net.
19	IN	PTR	unused-19.the.net.
20	IN	PTR	doc-rtr58-01.the.net.
21	IN	PTR	doc-rtr54-01.the.net.
22	IN	PTR	doc-rtr53-01.the.net.
23	IN	PTR	doc-rtr53-01.the.net.
(Truncated for brevity..)
253	IN	PTR	unused-253.the.net.
254	IN	PTR	unused-254.the.net.
255	IN	PTR	broadcast-255.the.net.

For a sample BIND file that can be used as a template and edited for your environment, go to

http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintwk/intsolns/dialnms/bindtemp.txt

Basic Dial NMS Implementation Guide

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Cisco Systems Dial NMS manual How to Create a Reverse DNS Zone

Contents

Basic Dial NMS Implementation Guide Basic Dial NMS Implementation Guide Scope What is SNMPv1? What is SNMPv2?Dial NMS Service Definition Audience Enabling Snmp Task 3-Using Mrtg to Monitor and Graph Traffic LoadsTask 5-Setting Up a Web Portal for the Dial NMS Task 1-Enabling Snmp in a Cisco IOS Device Using CiscoView Task 6-Managing IP Addresses by Using DNSTask 7-Using HP OpenView to Create the Snmp Framework Task 8-Using CiscoWorks 2000 Resource Manager Essentials Contents Basic Dial NMS Implementation Guide Purpose AudienceScope Conventions Convention DescriptionBold Technical References and Support Related Documentation and Sites Internetworking Solutions Guides Cisco Connection Online Documentation CD-ROM Documentation FeedbackAcknowledgements UCD-SNMP About Snmp Managed devices What are the Basic Components of SNMP?Site Description Snmp Technology TAC Page -Network NMS What are Snmp MIBs? Vines SNMPv1 and ASN1 Data Types What is SNMPv1? SNMPv1 Protocol Operations What is SNMPv2? SNMPv2 and SMI About Snmp Management About Snmp Security Page Introduction to the Case Study Network Design for a Dial NMS Case Study Benefits of a Dial NMS Dial NMS Planning Questionnaire THEnetNetwork Design Questions Answers Query tools MrtgCustom-based AAA Accounting tools and database Dial NMS Service Definition Show interface accounting Show versionShow running Show modem version Show snmp group ` show access-lists` show modem operational-status ` show modem connect-speeds Network Topology Network Topology for One POP Cisco AS5800 access servers Hardware Requirements Hardware Purpose101 50,000 5000 Lines / 1288 = 3.88 chassis AS5800s OIDs that are useful for operating a dial network Software RequirementsSoftware and Management Systems Purpose Uses CLI-based Snmp freeware to explore the Snmp MIBs Configuration Design Parameters Community Strings Purpose Network Name Assigned IP Subnet DescriptionNOC Snmp DEF Implementation and Operation TasksSupport Contact Phone T1 Dial-in Number Circuit ID Contract ABCPage Dial Related System Management MIB II / Interfaces CISCO-POP-MGMT-MIB OLD-CISCO-CHASSISRFC1213-MIB Call-counters CommandEquivalent Cisco IOS Show controllers t1 Show caller Variable DescriptionShow modem Connect-speeds Show caller user Show caller ip ` UCD-SNMP About Enabling Snmp Enabling Snmp Command Purpose Conditions This command enables 14+ other commands for distinctTypes of Snmp traps. Edit this command list to include only Changes, environmental variables, and critical devicePage UCD-SNMP About Using UCD-SNMP Exploring Snmp MIBs for Dial Netwo rks Installing UCD-SNMP and Downloading Cisco MIBs Step Serial1/0/00 propPointToPointSerial Setting Up Snmp Commander About Snmp Commander Snmp Commander Tool Basic Dial NMS Implementation Guide Page About Mrtg Task 3-Using Mrtg to Monitor and Graph Traffic Loads About Selecting Dial OIDs Base MIB and OID DescriptionCISCO-POP-MGMT-MIB NAS CISCO-MODEM-MGMT-MIB How to Inspect and Interpret Data Daily Graph DS0s and PPP Sessions in Use Monthly Graph DS0s and PPP Sessions in Use Configuration file used to create these graphs is posted at Interface Type Syntax Example Creating and Editing a Configuration File Example # purpose DS0s and Analog # purpose cpmISDNNoResource and cpmModemNoResource # purpose activeDS0s and cvpdnSessionTotal Crontab from any directory Sending Mrtg Graphs to a Web Server Mrtg Graphs Viewed by Using a Web Browser Page About Syslog Message Type Description Syslog Message Severity Level About Modem Call Records About NTP Web-Based MCR Viewer Enabling NTP on a Cisco IOS Device Travis-nas-01show ntp association Setting Up an NTP Client Server Troubleshooting the NTP Client Problem SolutionNtpq -p command Console errors or logging console warnings Enables logging up to the debug level all eight levelsSpecifies the IP address of the syslog server This example, only the fourth T1 of a T3 card is shown Configuring the Syslog Daemon Daemon is not running, no ID is returned Aurora/etc -tail -f /var/log/router.log Inspecting Syslog Messages in t he Log File Views logs on a File//var/log/router.log Local host Generic URL Syntax Description ExamplePage Utility Function About a Web Portal Utility Function Building a Device Linker Web Device Linker Management Function Formula Example C2511-oob#clear line tty Troubleshooting a Cisco 2511 Console Connection Uses the AAA facility as an authentication method About Http Access to the CLIUsing Http to Access CLI Commands Enables the router to function as an Http server Formula Example Post the Html page that you created in to a web server Cisco IOS CLI Commander Output for the Show Caller Command Click on a CLI command and view the command output in a web About Managing IP Addresses Task 6-Managing IP Addresses by Using DNS Nrcmd zone 101.21.172.in-addr.arpa. listRR Using Cisco Network Registrar CLI Command s Opt/nwreg2/usrbin/nrcmd zone 101.21.172.in-addr.arpa. listRR Nrcmd zone the.net. addRR bobslake-nas-02 a Using a Batch File to Make Changes to a DNS Configuration Run the script by using the -b optionFollowing output appears Creating an IP Tracker Web Creating a Primary Forward Zone IP Tracker Web Host = doc-oob-03.the.net How to Create a Reverse DNS Zone Page About HP OpenView Task 7-Using HP OpenView to Create Snmp Framework Last message Initialization complete Exit status Verifying the Snmp Configuration Object manager name snmpCollect State Click Add and Apply to submit the entries Snmp Configuration Loopback IP Address and Community Strings Performing an Snmp Demand Poll About Snmp Demand Polls Field Description Select Network Connectivity Poll Node Field Returned Value Description Testing Snmp Get RequestsConfirms the interfaces were successfully pinged You can identify the software version running on the device Verifying that Snmp Traps Are Received Troubleshooting Snmp and a Demand Poll Traps in the All Events Browser Available Interfaces and Ports for a Cisco AS5800 Unmanaging the Dial Ports Creating and Adjustin g Maps Choose Off For This Submap About Discovery FiltersGo to View Select Automatic Layout TheNetNodes TheNet Node List AS5800-1, AS5800-2 Setting Up and Editing a Discover y Filter Constituent parts Restart the netmon daemon by entering the following commands Using the Hpov CLI to Enter a Device into the DatabasePage CiscoWorks 2000 Documentation Set -A collection About CiscoWorks 2000 RMEReference CiscoWorks 2000 TAC Support Page -Provides links to Select Inventory Import from Local NMS Importing Devices from Hpov and Popul ating the Databases Devices are imported and a status summary appears Click Next Verifying that Device Polling is Turned On To accept the default settings, click Finish Status of the Devices Polling the Devices Select All in the Views window Select one or more devicesInspect the available elements for the devices Backing up Cisco IOS Configurations Select All DevicesSelect one or more devices from the list that appears Using CiscoView Go to Monitor CiscoViewSelect and view different system components Available Modems in the Cisco AS5800 Dial Shelf Page AAA HttpNTP Snmp DNS FcapsUCD-SNMP FTP Ovstop command Ovw& commandNTP NMS FAQManaged devices Management Message types and commands MIBs Incident tracking NOC POP Touch command Troubleshooting HP OpenView Index Basic Dial NMS Implementation Guide